Open Access

VEGF mitigates bisphosphonate‑induced apoptosis and differentiation inhibition of MC3T3‑E1 cells

  • Authors:
    • Yao Duan
    • Hejia Li
    • Xiaohong Dong
    • Zhaoli Geng
    • Xinyi Xu
    • Yi Liu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 10, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11053
  • Article Number: 130
  • Copyright: © Duan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate whether VEGF was involved in bisphosphonate (BP)‑induced apoptosis and differentiation of osteoblasts. Murine MC3T3‑E1 osteoblasts were stimulated with zoledronic acid (ZA) for 7 days. VEGF mRNA and protein expression levels were determined via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Cell viability was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. In addition, the cell apoptotic rate and the expression levels of apoptosis‑related proteins were measured using a TUNEL staining kit and western blot analysis, respectively. To evaluate mineralization, cells were stained with alizarin red, while the secretion levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured using the corresponding assay kit. Finally, the expression levels of differentiation‑related proteins and proteins of the Nod‑like receptor family pyrin domain‑containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase 1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pyroptosis pathway were measured by western blot analysis. VEGF expression level was notably decreased in ZA‑stimulated MC3T3‑E1 cells. However, the viability of these cells was enhanced following VEGF addition. Furthermore, VEGF attenuated apoptosis, promoted mineralization and increased ALP activity in ZA‑stimulated MC3T3‑E1 cells. The ZA‑mediated decrease in the protein expression of the osteogenic genes osteopontin, osteocalcin and runt‑related transcription factor 2 was restored after MC3T3‑E1 cell treatment with 10 ng/ml VEGF. The present study demonstrated that VEGF could attenuate BP‑induced apoptosis and differentiation of MC3T3 cells by regulating the NLRP3/caspase 1/GSDMD pathway.
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February-2022
Volume 23 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Duan Y, Li H, Dong X, Geng Z, Xu X and Liu Y: VEGF mitigates bisphosphonate‑induced apoptosis and differentiation inhibition of MC3T3‑E1 cells. Exp Ther Med 23: 130, 2022
APA
Duan, Y., Li, H., Dong, X., Geng, Z., Xu, X., & Liu, Y. (2022). VEGF mitigates bisphosphonate‑induced apoptosis and differentiation inhibition of MC3T3‑E1 cells. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 130. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11053
MLA
Duan, Y., Li, H., Dong, X., Geng, Z., Xu, X., Liu, Y."VEGF mitigates bisphosphonate‑induced apoptosis and differentiation inhibition of MC3T3‑E1 cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.2 (2022): 130.
Chicago
Duan, Y., Li, H., Dong, X., Geng, Z., Xu, X., Liu, Y."VEGF mitigates bisphosphonate‑induced apoptosis and differentiation inhibition of MC3T3‑E1 cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 2 (2022): 130. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11053