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Review Open Access

Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Carmen Bobeica
    • Elena Niculet
    • Alin Laurentiu Tatu
    • Mihaela Craescu
    • Dan Vata
    • Laura Statescu
    • Alina Viorica Iancu
    • Carmina Liana Musat
    • Miruna Luminita Draganescu
    • Cristian Onisor
    • Mihaela Lungu
    • Silvia Fotea
    • Aurel Nechita
    • Bogdan Ioan Stefanescu
    • Laura Gheuca‑Solovastru
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800216 Galati, Romania, Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC-DIR (Centrul Integrat Multidisciplinar de Cercetare de Interfata Dermatologica - CIM-CID), ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galati, Romania, Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Gr. T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania, Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800216 Galati, Romania, Department of Clinical Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Gr. T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
    Copyright: © Bobeica et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 134
    |
    Published online on: December 13, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11057
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Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic inflammatory disease with autoimmune determinism having an incompletely known pathogenesis. Although not all links in the pathogenic chain are known, studies have shown that vasculopathy is the initial event and is followed by extensive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. New therapeutic strategies have been developed in recent years, thanks to innovative research which has increased understanding of the disease mechanisms. No curative treatment for SSc is currently known. Therefore, the therapeutic target in SSc is its symptomatology. Peripheral vasculopathy can be improved by administering vasodilators. Endothelin receptor antagonists and 5‑phosphodiesterase inhibitors have a double benefit, both on peripheral and on pulmonary vasculopathy. Several molecules with antifibrotic effects are currently available; however, further studies are needed to confirm their beneficial effects. Immunosuppressants manage to control the cutaneous and visceral fibrotic process, thereby remaining as first‑line drugs in the treatment of SSc. Although biological therapy using rituximab and tocilizumab has shown promising results in pulmonary fibrosis, ongoing studies are needed to determine their exact impact. The authors have differing views on the triggering role of glucocorticoids and the benefits of angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitors in renal scleroderma. Some aspects of this disease such as calcinosis and pruritus, asthenia, or joint and muscle damage, remain difficult to manage.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bobeica C, Niculet E, Tatu AL, Craescu M, Vata D, Statescu L, Iancu AV, Musat CL, Draganescu ML, Onisor C, Onisor C, et al: Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 23: 134, 2022.
APA
Bobeica, C., Niculet, E., Tatu, A.L., Craescu, M., Vata, D., Statescu, L. ... Gheuca‑Solovastru, L. (2022). Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 134. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11057
MLA
Bobeica, C., Niculet, E., Tatu, A. L., Craescu, M., Vata, D., Statescu, L., Iancu, A. V., Musat, C. L., Draganescu, M. L., Onisor, C., Lungu, M., Fotea, S., Nechita, A., Stefanescu, B. I., Gheuca‑Solovastru, L."Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.2 (2022): 134.
Chicago
Bobeica, C., Niculet, E., Tatu, A. L., Craescu, M., Vata, D., Statescu, L., Iancu, A. V., Musat, C. L., Draganescu, M. L., Onisor, C., Lungu, M., Fotea, S., Nechita, A., Stefanescu, B. I., Gheuca‑Solovastru, L."Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 2 (2022): 134. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11057
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Bobeica C, Niculet E, Tatu AL, Craescu M, Vata D, Statescu L, Iancu AV, Musat CL, Draganescu ML, Onisor C, Onisor C, et al: Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 23: 134, 2022.
APA
Bobeica, C., Niculet, E., Tatu, A.L., Craescu, M., Vata, D., Statescu, L. ... Gheuca‑Solovastru, L. (2022). Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 134. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11057
MLA
Bobeica, C., Niculet, E., Tatu, A. L., Craescu, M., Vata, D., Statescu, L., Iancu, A. V., Musat, C. L., Draganescu, M. L., Onisor, C., Lungu, M., Fotea, S., Nechita, A., Stefanescu, B. I., Gheuca‑Solovastru, L."Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.2 (2022): 134.
Chicago
Bobeica, C., Niculet, E., Tatu, A. L., Craescu, M., Vata, D., Statescu, L., Iancu, A. V., Musat, C. L., Draganescu, M. L., Onisor, C., Lungu, M., Fotea, S., Nechita, A., Stefanescu, B. I., Gheuca‑Solovastru, L."Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 2 (2022): 134. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11057
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