Fibroblast involvement in cardiac remodeling and repair under ischemic conditions

Ceauşu,Zenaida; Socea,Bogdan; Costache,Mariana; Predescu,Dragoş; Şerban,Dragoş; Smarandache,Cătălin G.; Pacu,Irina; Alexandru,Haradja Horaţiu; Daviţoiu,Ana Maria; Jacotă‑Alexe,Florentina; Cîrstoveanu,Cătălin; Dimitriu,Mihai C.T.; Pleş,Liana; Ceauşu,Mihai

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.9700

Fibroblast involvement in cardiac remodeling and repair under ischemic conditions

Authors:
- Zenaida Ceauşu
- Bogdan Socea
- Mariana Costache
- Dragoş Predescu
- Dragoş Şerban
- Cătălin G. Smarandache
- Irina Pacu
- Haradja Horaţiu Alexandru
- Ana Maria Daviţoiu
- Florentina Jacotă‑Alexe
- Cătălin Cîrstoveanu
- Mihai C.T. Dimitriu
- Liana Pleş
- Mihai Ceauşu
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, ‘Sf. Pantelimon’ Emergency Hospital, 021659 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Surgery, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Pathology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Sf. Pantelimon’ Emergency Hospital, 021659 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Pediatrics, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Published online on: January 25, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9700
Article Number: 269

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Abstract

Cardiac fibroblasts play a main role in the physiological turnover of the extracellular matrix, as well as its pathological remodeling. A study was performed on a batch of 23 cases who died of various cardiac complications secondary to scarring myocardial infarctions. The aim of the study was to assess the fibroblast involvement in cardiac repair under ischemic conditions after myocardial infarction. Tissue myocardial samples from the left ventricle were taken from these cases for microscopy examination, in order to investigate the type and degree of fibrosis as well as the presence of cardiac interstitial fibroblasts. Multiple series of histological sections were also performed and examined, along with immunohistochemical analysis. The fibroblasts were diffusely distributed in the interstitium among the residual cardiomyocytes, showing variable expression of vimentin and smooth muscle actin. During cardiac remodeling, there was a successive interstitial deposition, first of reticulin fibers and then of collagen fibers, leading to interstitial fibrosis and myocardial replacement. There was a correlation between vimentin and smooth muscle actin expression and collagen deposition. Fibrosis with cardiac remodeling is based on maintaining proliferation capacity of the fibroblast and its capacity of protein synthesis in the extracellular matrix. Under hypoxic ischemic conditions, followed by myocardial infarction, the fibroblast switches phenotype and transdifferentiate into myofibroblast, contributing to the healing by secreting extracellular matrix proteins and collagen deposition, with subsequent cardiac remodeling and regulation of the micro‑environment metabolism.

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