Open Access

Association of vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes with late‑onset Alzheimer's disease in a Southeastern European Caucasian population

  • Authors:
    • Efthimios Dimitrakis
    • Martha-Spyridoula Katsarou
    • Maria Lagiou
    • Vasiliki Papastefanopoulou
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Aristidis Tsatsakis
    • Socratis Papageorgiou
    • Paraskevi Moutsatsou
    • Katerina Antoniou
    • Christos Kroupis
    • Nikolaos Drakoulis
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: July 19, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11521
  • Article Number: 584
  • Copyright: © Dimitrakis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been investigated over the past years with the aim of identifying any association with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, information regarding the potential association of VDR SNP haplotypes with AD is limited. The aim of the present study was to provide additional knowledge on the effects of VDR haplotypes on the development of late‑onset AD in a cohort of Southeastern European Caucasians (SECs). The study sample included 78 patients with late‑onset AD and 103 healthy subjects as the control group. VDR SNPs that were analyzed were TaqI (rs731236), BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570). The CAC (TaqI, BsmI and FokI) haplotype was found to be associated with a 53% lower risk of developing the disease (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23‑0.96; P=0.04) and the TAC (TaqI, BsmI and FokI) haplotype was associated with an ~6‑fold greater risk of developing AD (OR, 6.19; 95% CI, 1.91‑20.13; P=0.0028). Female subjects carrying the TAC haplotype had a ~9‑fold greater risk of developing AD in comparison to female control subjects (OR, 9.27; 95% CI, 1.86‑46.28; P<0.05). The TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms were in high linkage disequilibrium (D'=0.9717, r=0.8467) and produced a haplotype with a statistically significant different frequency between the control and AD group. The TA (TaqI and BsmI) haplotype was associated with an ~8‑fold greater risk of developing AD (OR, 8.27; 95% CI, 2.70‑25.28; P<0.05). Female TA carriers had an ~14‑fold greater risk of developing the disease in comparison to female control subjects (OR, 13.93; 95% CI, 2.95‑65.87; P<0.05). On the whole, the present study demonstrates that in the SEC population, TAC and TA are risk haplotypes for AD, while the CAC haplotype may act protectively. SEC women carrying the TAC or TA haplotype are at a greater risk of developing AD, thus suggesting that women are markedly affected by the poor utilization of vitamin D induced by the VDR haplotype.
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September-2022
Volume 24 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Dimitrakis E, Katsarou M, Lagiou M, Papastefanopoulou V, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Papageorgiou S, Moutsatsou P, Antoniou K, Kroupis C, Kroupis C, et al: Association of vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes with late‑onset Alzheimer's disease in a Southeastern European Caucasian population. Exp Ther Med 24: 584, 2022
APA
Dimitrakis, E., Katsarou, M., Lagiou, M., Papastefanopoulou, V., Spandidos, D.A., Tsatsakis, A. ... Drakoulis, N. (2022). Association of vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes with late‑onset Alzheimer's disease in a Southeastern European Caucasian population. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 24, 584. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11521
MLA
Dimitrakis, E., Katsarou, M., Lagiou, M., Papastefanopoulou, V., Spandidos, D. A., Tsatsakis, A., Papageorgiou, S., Moutsatsou, P., Antoniou, K., Kroupis, C., Drakoulis, N."Association of vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes with late‑onset Alzheimer's disease in a Southeastern European Caucasian population". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 24.3 (2022): 584.
Chicago
Dimitrakis, E., Katsarou, M., Lagiou, M., Papastefanopoulou, V., Spandidos, D. A., Tsatsakis, A., Papageorgiou, S., Moutsatsou, P., Antoniou, K., Kroupis, C., Drakoulis, N."Association of vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes with late‑onset Alzheimer's disease in a Southeastern European Caucasian population". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 24, no. 3 (2022): 584. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11521