|
1
|
Singh G and Sander JW: The global burden
of epilepsy report: Implications for low- and middle-income
countries. Epilepsy Behav. 105(106949)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
2
|
Benjaminsen E, Myhr KM and Alstadhaug KB:
The prevalence and characteristics of epilepsy in patients with
multiple sclerosis in Nordland county, Norway. Seizure. 52:131–135.
2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3
|
Dobson R and Giovannoni G: Multiple
sclerosis-a review. Eur J Neurol. 26:27–40. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
4
|
Gilmour H, Ramage-Morin PL and Wong SL:
Multiple sclerosis: Prevalence and impact. Health Rep. 29:3–8.
2018.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
5
|
Jácome Sánchez EC, García Castillo MA,
González VP, Guillén López F and Correa Díaz EP: Coexistence of
systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis. A case report
and literature review. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin.
4(2055217318768330)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
6
|
Tseng CC, Chang SJ, Tsai WC, Ou TT, Wu CC,
Sung WY, Hsieh MC and Yen JH: Increased incidence of rheumatoid
arthritis in multiple sclerosis: A nationwide cohort study.
Medicine (Baltimore). 95(e3999)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Kosmidou M, Katsanos AH, Katsanos KH,
Kyritsis AP, Tsivgoulis G, Christodoulou D and Giannopoulos S:
Multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic
review and meta-analysis. J Neurol. 264:254–259. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Klineova S and Lublin FD: Clinical course
of multiple sclerosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med.
8(a028928)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Cortesi PA, Cozzolino P, Cesana G, Capra R
and Mantovani LG: The prevalence and treatment status of different
multiple sclerosis phenotypes in a italian reference center. Value
Health. 20(PA720)2017.
|
|
10
|
Engelhard J, Oleske DM, Schmitting S,
Wells KE, Talapala S and Barbato LM: Multiple sclerosis by
phenotype in Germany. Mult Scler Relat Disord.
57(103326)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Liu Z, Liao Q, Wen H and Zhang Y: Disease
modifying therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A
systematic review and network meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev.
20(102826)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Yang JH, Rempe T, Whitmire N, Dunn-Pirio A
and Graves JS: Therapeutic advances in multiple sclerosis. Front
Neurol. 13(824926)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Manouchehri N, Salinas VH, Rabi Yeganeh N,
Pitt D, Hussain RZ and Stuve O: Efficacy of disease modifying
therapies in progressive MS and how immune senescence may explain
their failure. Front Neurol. 13(854390)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Hollen CW, Paz Soldán MM, Rinker JR II and
Spain RI: The future of progressive multiple sclerosis therapies.
Fed Pract. 37 (Suppl 1):S43–S49. 2020.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15
|
Kinnunen E and Wikstrom J: Prevalence and
prognosis of epilepsy in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Epilepsia. 27:729–733. 1986.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16
|
Kelley BJ and Rodriguez M: Seizures in
patients with multiple sclerosis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and
management. CNS Drugs. 23:805–815. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Langenbruch L, Krämer J, Güler S, Möddel
G, Geßner S, Melzer N, Elger CE, Wiendl H, Budde T, Meuth SG and
Kovac S: Seizures and epilepsy in multiple sclerosis: Epidemiology
and prognosis in a large tertiary referral center. J Neurol.
266:1789–1795. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
de Sa JC, Airas L, Bartholome E,
Grigoriadis N, Mattle H, Oreja-Guevara C, O'Riordan J, Sellebjerg
F, Stankoff B, Vass K, et al: Symptomatic therapy in multiple
sclerosis: A review for a multimodal approach in clinical practice.
Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 4:139–168. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
19
|
Kavčič A and Hofmann WE: Unprovoked
seizures in multiple sclerosis: Why are they rare? Brain Behav.
7(e00726)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
20
|
Asadi-Pooya AA, Sahraian MA, Sina F,
Baghbanian SM, Habibabadi JM, Shaygannejad V, Asadollahi M, Karvigh
SA, Moghadasi AN, Nikseresht A and Motamedi M: Management of
seizures in patients with multiple sclerosis; an Iranian consensus.
Epilepsy Behav. 96:244–248. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
Koch M, Uyttenboogaart M, Polman S and De
Keyser J: Seizures in multiple sclerosis. Epilepsia. 49:948–953.
2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
22
|
Fisher RS, Cross JH, French JA, Higurashi
N, Hirsch E, Jansen FE, Lagae L, Moshé SL, Peltola J, Roulet Perez
E, et al: Operational classification of seizure types by the
international league against epilepsy: Position paper of the ILAE
commission for classification and terminology. Epilepsia.
58:522–530. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F,
Carroll WM, Coetzee T, Comi G, Correale J, Fazekas F, Filippi M,
Freedman MS, et al: Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions
of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 17:162–173.
2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Lai ST, Tan WY, Wo MC, Lim KS, Ahmad SB
and Tan CT: Burden in caregivers of adults with epilepsy in Asian
families. Seizure. 71:132–139. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
25
|
Fiest KM, Sauro KM, Wiebe S, Patten SB,
Kwon CS, Dykeman J, Pringsheim T, Lorenzetti DL and Jetté N:
Prevalence and incidence of epilepsy: A systematic review and
meta-analysis of international studies. Neurology. 88:296–303.
2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators. Global,
regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016:
A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016.
Lancet Neurol. 18:459–480. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Walton C, King R, Rechtman L, Kaye W,
Leray E, Marrie RA, Robertson N, La Rocca N, Uitdehaag B, van der
Mei I, et al: Rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis worldwide:
Insights from the Atlas of MS, third edition. Mult Scler.
26:1816–1821. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
Marrie RA, Reider N, Cohen J, Trojano M,
Sorensen PS, Cutter G, Reingold S and Stuve O: A systematic review
of the incidence and prevalence of sleep disorders and seizure
disorders in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 21:342–349.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
29
|
Mirmosayyeb O, Shaygannejad V, Nehzat N,
Mohammadi A and Ghajarzadeh M: Prevalence of seizure/epilepsy in
patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and
meta-analysis. Int J Prev Med. 12(14)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Burman J and Zelano J: Epilepsy in
multiple sclerosis: A nationwide population-based register study.
Neurology. 89:2462–2468. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
Engelsen BA and Grønning M: Epileptic
seizures in patients with multiple sclerosis. Is the prognosis of
epilepsy underestimated? Seizure. 6:377–382. 1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
32
|
Eriksson M, Ben-Menachem E and Andersen O:
Epileptic seizures, cranial neuralgias and paroxysmal symptoms in
remitting and progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler.
8:495–499. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
33
|
Mahamud Z, Burman J and Zelano J: Risk of
epilepsy after a single seizure in multiple sclerosis. Eur J
Neurol. 25:854–860. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Krökki O, Bloigu R, Ansakorpi H, Reunanen
M and Remes AM: Neurological comorbidity and survival in multiple
sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 3:72–77. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
35
|
Nakano H, Tanaka M, Kinoshita M, Tahara M,
Matsui M, Tanaka K and Konishi T: Epileptic seizures in Japanese
patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Epilepsy
Res. 104:175–180. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Koch MW, Polman SK, Uyttenboogaart M and
De Keyser J: Treatment of seizures in multiple sclerosis. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev: Jul 8, 2009 (Epub ahead of print).
|
|
37
|
Nyquist PA, Cascino GD and Rodriguez M:
Seizures in patients with multiple sclerosis seen at Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, Minn, 1990-1998. Mayo Clin Proc. 76:983–986.
2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
38
|
Sokic DV, Stojsavljevic N, Drulovic J,
Dujmovic I, Mesaros S, Ercegovac M, Peric V, Dragutinovic G and
Levic Z: Seizures in multiple sclerosis. Epilepsia. 42:72–79.
2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
39
|
Gambardella A, Valentino P, Labate A,
Sibilia G, Ruscica F, Colosimo E, Nisticò R, Messina D, Zappia M
and Quattrone A: Temporal lobe epilepsy as a unique manifestation
of multiple sclerosis. Can J Neurol Sci. 30:228–232.
2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
40
|
Striano P, Orefice G, Brescia Morra V,
Boccella P, Sarappa C, Lanzillo R, Vacca G and Striano S: Epileptic
seizures in multiple sclerosis: Clinical and EEG correlations.
Neurol Sci. 24:322–328. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
41
|
Nicoletti A, Sofia V, Biondi R, Lo Fermo
S, Reggio E, Patti F and Reggio A: Epilepsy and multiple sclerosis
in Sicily: A population-based study. Epilepsia. 44:1445–1448.
2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
42
|
Martínez-Juárez IE, López-Meza E,
González-Aragón Mdel C, Ramírez-Bermúdez J and Corona T: Epilepsy
and multiple sclerosis: Increased risk among progressive forms.
Epilepsy Res. 84:250–253. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
43
|
Viveiros CD and Alvarenga RM: Prevalence
of epilepsy in a case series of multiple sclerosis patients. Arq
Neuropsiquiatr. 68:731–736. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
44
|
Lund C, Nakken KO, Edland A and Celius EG:
Multiple sclerosis and seizures: Incidence and prevalence over 40
years. Acta Neurol Scand. 130:368–373. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
45
|
Simpson RJ, McLean G, Guthrie B, Mair F
and Mercer SW: Physical and mental health comorbidity is common in
people with multiple sclerosis: Nationally representative
cross-sectional population database analysis. BMC Neurol.
14(128)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
46
|
Averianova L, Shakirzianova S, Khaibullin
T, Khabirov F, Granatov E and Babicheva N: Epilepsy in multiple
sclerosis (MS): Clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG) and
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics. Mult Scler J.
23(735)2017.
|
|
47
|
Laroni A, Signori A, Maniscalco GT,
Lanzillo R, Russo CV, Binello E, Lo Fermo S, Repice A, Annovazzi P,
Bonavita S, et al: Assessing association of comorbidities with
treatment choice and persistence in MS: A real-life multicenter
study. Neurology. 89:2222–2229. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
48
|
Passarell MA, Otero-Romero S, Bufill E,
Lopez-Jimenez T, Deniel J and Sastre-Garriga J: Excess of
neurological and psychiatric comorbidity in multiple sclerosis
patients as compared to the general population in Catalonia, Spain.
Mult Scler J. 23(169)2017.
|
|
49
|
Schorner A and Weissert R: Patients with
epileptic seizures and multiple sclerosis in a multiple sclerosis
center in Southern Germany between 2003-2015. Front Neurol.
10(613)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
50
|
Neuß F, von Podewils F, Wang ZI, Süße M,
Zettl UK and Grothe M: Epileptic seizures in multiple sclerosis:
Prevalence, competing causes and diagnostic accuracy. J Neurol.
268:1721–1727. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
51
|
Gasparini S, Ferlazzo E, Ascoli M, Sueri
C, Cianci V, Russo C, Pisani LR, Striano P, Elia M, Beghi E, et al:
Risk factors for unprovoked epileptic seizures in multiple
sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci.
38:399–406. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
52
|
Dagiasi I, Vall V, Kumlien E, Burman J and
Zelano J: Treatment of epilepsy in multiple sclerosis. Seizure.
58:47–51. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
53
|
Catenoix H, Marignier R, Ritleng C, Dufour
M, Mauguière F, Confavreux C and Vukusic S: Multiple sclerosis and
epileptic seizures. Mult Scler J. 17:96–102. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
54
|
Alroughani R and Boyko A: Pediatric
multiple sclerosis: A review. BMC Neurol. 18(27)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
55
|
Pack A: Is there a relationship between
multiple sclerosis and epilepsy? If so what does it tell us about
epileptogenesis? Epilepsy Curr. 18:95–96. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
56
|
Sponsler JL and Kendrick-Adey AC: Seizures
as a manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Epileptic Disord.
13:401–410. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
57
|
Ooi S, Kalincik T, Perucca P and Monif M:
The prevalence of epileptic seizures in multiple sclerosis in a
large tertiary hospital in Australia. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin.
7(2055217321989767)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
58
|
Atmaca MM and Gurses C: Status epilepticus
and multiple sclerosis: A case presentation and literature review.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 49:328–334. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
59
|
Spatt J, Goldenberg G and Mamoli B: Simple
dysphasic seizures as the sole manifestation of relapse in multiple
sclerosis. Epilepsia. 35:1342–1345. 1994.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
60
|
Hess DC and Sethi KD: Epilepsia partialis
continua in multiple sclerosis. Int J Neurosci. 50:109–111.
1990.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
61
|
Spatt J, Chaix R and Mamoli B: Epileptic
and non-epileptic seizures in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol.
248:2–9. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
62
|
Lublin FD, Häring DA, Ganjgahi H, Ocampo
A, Hatami F, Čuklina J, Aarden P, Dahlke F, Arnold DL, Wiendl H, et
al: How patients with multiple sclerosis acquire disability. Brain.
(awac016)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (Epub ahead of
print).
|
|
63
|
Grothe M, Ellenberger D, von Podewils F,
Stahmann A, Rommer PS and Zettl UK: Epilepsy as a predictor of
disease progression in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 28:942–949.
2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
64
|
Mahamud Z, Burman J and Zelano J:
Prognostic impact of epilepsy in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler
Relat Disord. 38(101497)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
65
|
Chou IJ, Kuo CF, Tanasescu R, Tench CR,
Tiley CG, Constantinescu CS and Whitehouse WP: Epilepsy and
associated mortality in patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur J
Neurol. 26:342–e23. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
66
|
Marrie RA, Elliott L, Marriott J, Cossoy
M, Blanchard J, Leung S and Yu N: Effect of comorbidity on
mortality in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 85:240–247.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
67
|
Ontaneda D, Raza PC, Mahajan KR, Arnold
DL, Dwyer MG, Gauthier SA, Greve DN, Harrison DM, Henry RG, Li DKB,
et al: Deep grey matter injury in multiple sclerosis: A NAIMS
consensus statement. Brain. 144:1974–1984. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
68
|
Kidd D, Barkhof F, McConnell R, Algra PR,
Allen IV and Revesz T: Cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis.
Brain. 122:17–26. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
69
|
Horakova D, Kalincik T, Dusankova JB and
Dolezal O: Clinical correlates of grey matter pathology in multiple
sclerosis. BMC Neurol. 12(10)2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
70
|
Calabrese M, Grossi P, Favaretto A,
Romualdi C, Atzori M, Rinaldi F, Perini P, Saladini M and Gallo P:
Cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis patients with epilepsy: A
3 year longitudinal study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 83:49–54.
2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
71
|
Calabrese M, Castellaro M, Bertoldo A, De
Luca A, Pizzini FB, Ricciardi GK, Pitteri M, Zimatore S, Magliozzi
R, Benedetti MD, et al: Epilepsy in multiple sclerosis: The role of
temporal lobe damage. Mult Scler J. 23:473–482. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
72
|
Hatton SN, Huynh KH, Bonilha L, Abela E,
Alhusaini S, Altmann A, Alvim MKM, Balachandra AR, Bartolini E,
Bender B, et al: White matter abnormalities across different
epilepsy syndromes in adults: An ENIGMA-Epilepsy study. Brain.
143:2454–2473. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
73
|
Briggs SW and Galanopoulou AS: Altered
GABA signaling in early life epilepsies. Neural Plast.
2011(527605)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
74
|
Uchida T, Furukawa T, Iwata S, Yanagawa Y
and Fukuda A: Selective loss of parvalbumin-positive GABAergic
interneurons in the cerebral cortex of maternally stressed
Gad1-heterozygous mouse offspring. Transl Psychiatry.
4(e371)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
75
|
Cao G, Edden RAE, Gao F, Li H, Gong T,
Chen W, Liu X, Wang G and Zhao B: Reduced GABA levels correlate
with cognitive impairment in patients with relapsing-remitting
multiple sclerosis. Eur Radiol. 28:1140–1148. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
76
|
Waxman SG: Acquired channelopathies in
nerve injury and MS. Neurology. 56:1621–1627. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
77
|
Rocca MA, Barkhof F, De Luca J, Frisén J,
Geurts JJG, Hulst HE, Sastre-Garriga J and Filippi M: MAGNIMS Study
Group. The hippocampus in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol.
17:918–926. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
78
|
Pracucci E, Pillai V, Lamers D, Parra R
and Landi S: Neuroinflammation: A signature or a cause of epilepsy?
Int J Mol Sci. 22(6981)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
79
|
Vavasour IM, Sun P, Graf C, Yik JT, Kolind
SH, Li DK, Tam R, Sayao AL, Schabas A, Devonshire V, et al:
Characterization of multiple sclerosis neuroinflammation and
neurodegeneration with relaxation and diffusion basis spectrum
imaging. Mult Scler. 28:418–428. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
80
|
Zahid M, Busmail A, Penumetcha SS,
Ahluwalia S, Irfan R, Khan SA, Rohit Reddy S, Vasquez Lopez ME and
Mohammed L: Tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade and multiple
sclerosis: Exploring new avenues. Cureus. 13(e18847)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
81
|
Kamaşak T, Dilber B, Yaman SÖ, Durgut BD,
Kurt T, Çoban E, Arslan EA, Şahin S, Karahan SC and Cansu A:
HMGB-1, TLR4, IL-1R1, TNF-α, and IL-1β: Novel epilepsy markers?
Epileptic Disord. 22:183–193. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
82
|
Akyuz E, Polat AK, Eroglu E, Kullu I,
Angelopoulou E and Paudel YN: Revisiting the role of
neurotransmitters in epilepsy: An updated review. Life Sci.
265(118826)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
83
|
Dunn N, Kharlamova N and Fogdell-Hahn A:
The role of herpesvirus 6A and 6B in multiple sclerosis and
epilepsy. Scand J Immunol. 92(e12984)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
84
|
Ortega-Madueño I, Garcia-Montojo M,
Dominguez-Mozo MI, Garcia-Martinez A, Arias-Leal AM, Casanova I,
Arroyo R and Alvarez-Lafuente R: Anti-human herpesvirus 6A/B IgG
correlates with relapses and progression in multiple sclerosis.
PLoS One. 9(e104836)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
85
|
Engdahl E, Gustafsson R, Huang J, Biström
M, Lima Bomfim I, Stridh P, Khademi M, Brenner N, Butt J, Michel A,
et al: Increased serological response against human herpesvirus 6A
Is associated with risk for multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol.
10(2715)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
86
|
Donati D, Akhyani N, Fogdell-Hahn A,
Cermelli C, Cassiani-Ingoni R, Vortmeyer A, Heiss JD, Cogen P,
Gaillard WD, Sato S, et al: Detection of human herpesvirus-6 in
mesial temporal lobe epilepsy surgical brain resections. Neurology.
61:1405–1411. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
87
|
Shin YW: Understanding new-onset
refractory status epilepticus from an immunological point of view.
Encephalitis. 1:61–67. 2021.
|
|
88
|
Scheffer IE, Berkovic S, Capovilla G,
Connolly MB, French J, Guilhoto L, Hirsch E, Jain S, Mathern GW,
Moshé SL, et al: ILAE classification of the epilepsies: Position
paper of the ILAE commission for classification and terminology.
Epilepsia. 58:512–521. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
89
|
Filippi M, Preziosa P, Banwell BL, Barkhof
F, Ciccarelli O, De Stefano N, Geurts JJG, Paul F, Reich DS, Toosy
AT, et al: Assessment of lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in
multiple sclerosis: Practical guidelines. Brain. 142:1858–1875.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
90
|
Rayatpour A, Farhangi S, Verdaguer E,
Olloquequi J, Ureña J, Auladell C and Javan M: The cross talk
between underlying mechanisms of multiple sclerosis and epilepsy
may provide new insights for more efficient therapies.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 14(1031)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
91
|
Calabrese M, De Stefano N, Atzori M,
Bernardi V, Mattisi I, Barachino L, Rinaldi L, Morra A, McAuliffe
MM, Perini P, et al: Extensive cortical inflammation is associated
with epilepsy in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol. 255:581–586.
2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
92
|
Cheng MY, Wai YY, Ro LS and Wu T: Seizures
and multiple sclerosis in Chinese patients: A clinical and magnetic
resonance imaging study. Epilepsy Res. 101:166–173. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
93
|
Zarei M, Chandran S, Compston A and Hodges
J: Cognitive presentation of multiple sclerosis: Evidence for a
cortical variant. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 74:872–877.
2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
94
|
Calabrese M, De Stefano N, Atzori M,
Bernardi V, Mattisi I, Barachino L, Morra A, Rinaldi L, Romualdi C,
Perini P, et al: Detection of cortical inflammatory lesions by
double inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging in patients
with multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol. 64:1416–1422. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
95
|
Arashloo FT, Hanzaei FF, Sedighi B, Amjad
G and Younesi L: Efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging in
symptomatic and asymptomatic multiple sclerotic plaques. J Family
Med Prim Care. 8:2409–2413. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
96
|
Zheng Y, Lee JC, Rudick R and Fisher E:
Long-term magnetization transfer ratio evolution in multiple
sclerosis white matter lesions. J Neuroimaging. 28:191–198.
2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
97
|
Sommer NN, Saam T, Coppenrath E, Kooijman
H, Kümpfel T, Patzig M, Beyer SE, Sommer WH, Reiser MF, Ertl-Wagner
B and Treitl KM: Multiple sclerosis: Improved detection of active
cerebral lesions with 3-dimensional T1 black-blood magnetic
resonance imaging compared with conventional 3-dimensional T1 GRE
imaging. Invest Radiol. 53:13–19. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
98
|
Tewarie P, Steenwijk MD, Brookes MJ,
Uitdehaag BMJ, Geurts JJG, Stam CJ and Schoonheim MM: Explaining
the heterogeneity of functional connectivity findings in multiple
sclerosis: An empirically informed modeling study. Hum Brain Mapp.
39:2541–2548. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
99
|
Dericioğlu N, Saygi S and Ciğer A: The
value of provocation methods in patients suspected of having
non-epileptic seizures. Seizure. 8:152–156. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
100
|
Xu Y, Nguyen D, Mohamed A, Carcel C, Li Q,
Kutlubaev MA, Anderson CS and Hackett ML: Frequency of a false
positive diagnosis of epilepsy: A systematic review of
observational studies. Seizure. 41:167–174. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
101
|
Poser CM and Brinar VV: Epilepsy and
multiple sclerosis. Epilepsy Behav. 4:6–12. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
102
|
Shaygannejad V, Ashtari F, Zare M, Ghasemi
M, Norouzi R and Maghzi H: Seizure characteristics in multiple
sclerosis patients. J Res Med Sci. 18 (Suppl 1):S74–S77.
2013.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
103
|
Grabow JD: Optimal recordings techniques
and activation procedures: childrens and adults In: Clinical
neurophysiology of epilepsy. (EEG handbook, revised series, vol.
4). Wada JA and Ellingson RJ (eds). Elsevier Science, Amsterdam,
pp39-77, 1990.
|
|
104
|
Moreau T, Sochurkova D, Lemesle M,
Madinier G, Billiar T, Giroud M and Dumas R: Epilepsy in patients
with multiple sclerosis: Radiological-clinical correlations.
Epilepsia. 39:893–896. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
105
|
de la Paz D and Brenner RP: Bilateral
independent periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges. Clinical
significance. Arch Neurol. 38:713–715. 1981.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
106
|
Salim AA, Ali SH, Hussain AM and Ibrahim
WN: Electroencephalographic evidence of gray matter lesions among
multiple sclerosis patients: A case-control study. Medicine
(Baltimore). 100(e27001)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
107
|
Papathanasiou ES, Pantzaris M,
Myrianthopoulou P, Kkolou E and Papacostas SS: Brainstem lesions
may be important in the development of epilepsy in multiple
sclerosis patients: An evoked potential study. Clin Neurophysiol.
121:2104–2110. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
108
|
Stefanović S, Janković SM, Novaković M,
Milosavljević M and Folić M: Pharmacodynamics and common drug-drug
interactions of the third-generation antiepileptic drugs. Expert
Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 14:153–159. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
109
|
Perucca E: Antiepileptic drugs: Evolution
of our knowledge and changes in drug trials. Epileptic Disord.
21:319–329. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
110
|
Chen Z, Brodie MJ, Liew D and Kwan P:
Treatment outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy
treated with established and new antiepileptic drugs: A 30-year
longitudinal cohort study. JAMA Neurol. 75:279–286. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
111
|
Solaro C, Brichetto G, Battaglia MA,
Messmer Uccelli M and Mancardi GL: Antiepileptic medications in
multiple sclerosis: Adverse effects in a three-year follow-up
study. Neurol Sci. 25:307–310. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
112
|
Rajagopalan K and Lee LK: Association
between adherence to sodium channel blockers and patient-reported
outcomes: Analysis of US survey data among patients with epilepsy.
Epilepsy Behav. 99(106483)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
113
|
You Y, Zhao Y, Bai H, Liu Z, Meng F, Zhang
H and Xu R: Glatiramer acetate, an anti-demyelination drug, reduced
rats' epileptic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol via
protection of myelin sheath. Eur J Pharm Sci. 49:366–370.
2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
114
|
Fabene PF, Laudanna C and Constantin G:
Leukocyte trafficking mechanisms in epilepsy. Mol Immunol.
55:100–104. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
115
|
Leo A, Citraro R, Marra R, Palma E, Paola
EDD, Constanti A, De Sarro G and Russo E: The sphingosine
1Phosphate signaling pathway in epilepsy: A possible role for the
immunomodulator drug fingolimod in epilepsy treatment. CNS Neurol
Disord Drug Targets. 16:311–325. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
116
|
Morrow SA, Clift F, Devonshire V, Lapointe
E, Schneider R, Stefanelli M and Vosoughi R: Use of natalizumab in
persons with multiple sclerosis: 2022 update. Mult Scler Relat
Disord. 65(103995)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
117
|
Scott LJ: Siponimod: A review in secondary
progressive multiple sclerosis. CNS Drugs. 34:1191–1200.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
118
|
Daniels K, van der Nat PB, Frequin STFM,
van der Wees PJ, Biesma DH, Hoogervorst ELJ and van de Garde EMW:
Real-world results of ocrelizumab treatment for primary progressive
multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Int. 2020(5463451)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
119
|
Zaccara G and Perucca E: Interactions
between antiepileptic drugs, and between antiepileptic drugs and
other drugs. Epileptic Disord. 16:409–431. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
120
|
Beiske GA, Holmøy T, Beiske AG,
Johannessen SI and Johannessen Landmark C: Antiepileptic and
antidepressive polypharmacy in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Mult Scler Int. 2015(317859)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
