Role of arterial hypertension and angiotensin II in chronic kidney disease (Review)

Maranduca,Minela Aida; Clim,Andreea; Pinzariu,Alin Constantin; Statescu,Cristian; Sascau,Radu Andy; Tanase,Daniela Maria; Serban,Dragomir Nicolae; Branisteanu,Daniel Constantin; Branisteanu,Daciana Elena; Huzum,Bogdan; Serban,Ionela Lacramioara

doi:10.3892/etm.2023.11852

Role of arterial hypertension and angiotensin II in chronic kidney disease (Review)

Authors:
- Minela Aida Maranduca
- Andreea Clim
- Alin Constantin Pinzariu
- Cristian Statescu
- Radu Andy Sascau
- Daniela Maria Tanase
- Dragomir Nicolae Serban
- Daniel Constantin Branisteanu
- Daciana Elena Branisteanu
- Bogdan Huzum
- Ionela Lacramioara Serban
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Affiliations: Department of Physiology, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania, Department of Internal Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania, Department of Internal Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania, Department of Ophthalmology, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania, Department of Dermatology, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Published online on: February 16, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11852
Article Number: 153

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Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue, due to its effect on the quality of life of patients and by the huge costs incurred in treating this disease. It is an irreversible process, characterized by the progressive loss of functional nephrons. CKD ultimately requires the support of renal function by dialysis or even renal transplantation. It has a multiple etiology, but the most common causes remain arterial hypertension and diabetes. High arterial blood pressure affects the target organs (kidneys) and this leads to a vicious circle involved in maintaining high blood pressure. Arterial hypertension is closely related to the renal pathology of CKD. The result of excessive activation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) is increased angiotensin II (Ang II), which acts upon the systemic circulation and especially upon the kidneys. The outcome is high blood pressure and also the stimulation of proinflammatory and profibrotic effects in the kidneys. Collectively these ultimately lead to CKD. The aim of this review was to provide a brief overview of the pathophysiological associations between CKD, arterial hypertension, and Ang II.

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