Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
April-2024 Volume 27 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2024 Volume 27 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action

  • Authors:
    • Ju Ri Ham
    • Mi-Kyung Lee
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of K‑Gim Industry‑Strategy, Mokpo Marine Food‑Industry Research Center, Mokpo, Jeollanam‑do 58621, Republic of Korea, Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeollanam‑do 57922, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Ham et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 130
    |
    Published online on: February 6, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12418
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Augmented osteoclast activity and differentiation can lead to destructive bone diseases, such as arthritis and osteoporosis. Therefore, modulating osteoclastogenesis and differentiation may serve to be a possible strategy for treating such diseases. Tenebrio molitor larvae, also known as mealworms, are considered a good source of protein with nutritional value, digestibility, flavor and functional properties, such as antioxidant, anti‑diabetic and anti‑obesity effects. However, the role of mealworms in osteoclastogenesis remains poorly understood. The present study therefore investigated the effects of fermented mealworm extract (FME) on receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)‑induced osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow‑derived macrophages (BMMs) whilst also attempting to understand the underlying mechanism, if any. The cells treated with RANKL were used as the negative control. To prepare FME, defatted mealworm powder was fermented with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, and then extracted with fermented alcohol. Cell viability of BMMs isolated from 5‑week‑old Institute of Cancer Research mice was measured using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. Subsequently, the effects of FME on osteoclast differentiation were measured using tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. In addition, expression of markers associated with osteoclast differentiation was assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Expression of nuclear factor of activated T‑cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) was assessed by western blotting. TRAP staining revealed that FME inhibited osteoclast differentiation in a dose‑dependent manner (10‑100 µg/ml) without causing cytotoxicity. Specifically, the formation of osteoclasts appear to have been suppressed by FME as indicated by the reduction in the number of TRAP‑positive multinucleated cells observed. Furthermore, FME treatment significantly decreased the mRNA expression of c‑Fos, whilst also significantly decreasing the expression of NFATc1 on both protein and mRNA levels. c‑Fos and NFATc1 are transcription factors that can regulate osteoclast differentiation. FME treatment also reduced the expression of genes associated with osteoclast differentiation and function, including dendritic cell‑specific transmembrane protein, osteoclast associated Ig‑like receptor, Cathepsin K and TRAP, compared with that in the control group. Subsequently, FME was found to effectively suppress RANKL‑induced osteoclast differentiation compared with that by the non‑fermented mealworm extract. These findings suggest that FME may confer anti‑osteoclastogenic effects, providing insights into its potential application in treatment of osteoporosis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Baron R and Kneissel M: WNT signaling in bone homeostasis and disease: From human mutations to treatments. Nat Med. 19:179–192. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Salari N, Ghasemi H, Mohammadi L, Behzadi MH, Rabieenia E, Shohaimi S and Mohammadi M: The global prevalence of osteoporosis in the world: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 16(609)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Chen X, Wang C, Qiu H, Yuan Y, Chen K, Cao Z, Xiang Tan R, Tickner J, Xu J and Zou J: Asperpyrone A attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation through inhibiting NFATc1, Ca2+ signalling and oxidative stress. J Cell Mol Med. 23:8269–8279. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

He J, Chen K, Deng T, Xie J, Zhong K, Yuan J, Wang Z, Xiao Z, Gu R, Chen D, et al: Inhibitory effects of rhaponticin on osteoclast formation and resorption by targeting RANKL-induced NFATc1 and ROS activity. Front Pharmacol. 12(645140)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Tu KN, Lie JD, Wan CKV, Cameron M, Austel AG, Nguyen JK, Van K and Hyun D: Osteoporosis: A review of treatment options. P T. 43:92–104. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Lee Y, Lee HJ, Shin HB, Ham JR, Lee MK, Lee MJ and Son YJ: Triphenyl hexene, an active substance of Betaone barley water extract, inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and LPS-induced osteoporosis. J Funct Foods. 92(105037)2022.

7 

Ham JR, Choi RY, Yee ST, Hwang YH, Kim MJ and Lee MK: Methoxsalen supplementation attenuates bone loss and inflammatory response in ovariectomized mice. Chem Biol Interact. 278:135–140. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Hong J, Han T and Kim YY: Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larvae) as an alternative protein source for monogastric animal: A review. Animals (Basel). 10(2068)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Veldkamp T and Bosch G: Insects: A protein-rich feed ingredient in pig and poultry diets. Anim Front. 5:45–50. 2015.

10 

Seo M, Goo T, Chung MY, Baek M, Hwang J, Kim M and Yun E: Tenebrio molitor larvae inhibit adipogenesis through AMPK and MAPKs signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and obesity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Int J Mol Sci. 18(518)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Kim SY, Park JE and Han JS: Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) extract improves insulin sensitivity and alleviates hyperglycemia in C57BL/Ksj-db/db mice. Kor J Life Sci. 29:570–579. 2019.

12 

Baek M, Kim M, Kwon Y, Hwang J, Goo T, Jun M and Yun E: Effects of processing methods on nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae. Entomol Res. 49:284–293. 2019.

13 

Ham JR, Choi RY, Lee Y and Lee MK: Effects of edible insect Tenebrio molitor larva fermentation extract as a substitute protein on hepatosteatogenesis and proteomic changes in obese mice induced by high-fat diet. Int J Mol Sci. 22(3615)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Choi RY, Ham JR, Ryu HS, Lee SS, Michelle AM, Paik MJ, Ji M, Park KW, Kang KY, Lee HI, et al: Defatted Tenebrio molitor larva fermentation extract modifies steatosis, inflammation and intestinal microflora in chronic alcohol-fed rats. Nutrients. 12(1426)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Turkyilmaz A, Lee Y and Lee MK: Fermented extract of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larvae) as a dietary protein source modulates hepatic proteomic profiles in C57BLKS/J-db/db mice. J Insects Food Feed. 9:1199–1210. 2023.

16 

Cui Z, Feng H, He B, He J and Tian Y: Relationship between serum amino acid levels and bone mineral density: A mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 12(763538)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Zhang X, Goncalves R and Mosser DM: The isolation and characterization of murine macrophages. Curr Protoc Immunol Chapter. 14:14.1.1–14.1.14. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Huang S, Xu L, Sun Y, Wu T, Wang K and Li G: An improved protocol for isolation and culture of mesenchymal stem cells from mouse bone marrow. J Orthop Transl. 3:26–33. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Kim HJ, Kang WY, Seong SJ, Kim SY, Lim MS and Yoon YR: Follistatin-like 1 promotes osteoclast formation via RANKL-mediated NF-κB activation and M-CSF-induced precursor proliferation. Cell Signal. 28:1137–1144. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Kim KJ, Lee Y, Son SR, Lee H, Son YJ, Lee MK and Lee M: Water extracts of hull-less waxy barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar ‘Boseokchal’ inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Molecules. 24(3735)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Jeong DH, Kwak SC, Lee MS, Yoon KH, Kim JY and Lee CH: Betulinic acid inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca2+ signaling and prevents inflammatory bone loss. J Nat Prod. 83:1174–1182. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Park GD, Cheon YH, Eun SY, Lee CH, Lee MS, Kim JY and Cho HJ: β-Boswellic acid inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and function by attenuating NF-κB and PLCγ2 signaling pathways. Molecules. 26(2665)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Nam HH, Lee AY, Seo YS, Park I, Yang S, Chun JM, Moon BC, Song JH and Kim JS: Three Scrophularia species (Scrophularia buergeriana, S. koreaiensis, and S. takesimensis) inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Plants (Basel). 9(1656)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Stephens AS, Stephens SR and Morrison NA: Internal control genes for quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis in mouse osteoblasts, osteoclasts and macrophages. BMC Res Notes. 4(410)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Bradford MM: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 72:248–254. 1976.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Zeng Xz, He L, Wang S, Wang K, Zhang YY, Tao L, Li XJ and Liu SW: Aconine inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells by suppressing NF-κB and NFATc1 activation and DC-STAMP expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 37:255–263. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Negishi-Koga T and Takayanagi H: Ca2+-NFATc1 signaling is an essential axis of osteoclast differentiation. Immunol Rev. 231:241–256. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Wang J, Guan H, Liu H, Lei Z, Kang H, Guo Q, Dong Y, Liu H, Sun Y, Fang Z and Li F: Inhibition of PFKFB3 suppresses osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss. J Cell Mol Med. 24:2294–2307. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Zhou Z, Immel D, Xi CX, Bierhaus A, Feng X, Mei L, Naworth P, Stern DM and Xiong WC: Regulation of osteoclase function and bone mass by RAGE. J Exp Med. 203:1067–1080. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Jin H, Yao L, Chen K, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wang Z, Liu Q, Cao Z, Kenny J, Tickner J, et al: Evodiamine inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. J Cell Mol Med. 23:522–534. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Kwak HB, Lee BK, Oh J, Yeon JT, Choi SW, Cho HJ, Lee MS, Kim JJ, Bae JM, Kim SH and Kim HS: Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by rotenone, through down-regulation of RANKL-induced c-Fos and NFATc1 expression. Bone. 46:724–731. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Jimi E and Ghosh S: Role of nuclear factor-kappaB in the immune system and bone. Immunol Rev. 208:80–87. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Kim JH, Kim K, Kim I, Seong S, Kim SW and Kim N: Role of anoctamin 5, a gene associated with gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia, in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Bone. 120:432–438. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Xiao D, Zhou Q, Gao Y, Cao B, Zhang Q, Zeng G and Zong S: PDK1 is important lipid kinase for RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and function via the regulation of the Akt-GSK3β-NFATc1 signaling cascade. J Cell Biochem. 121:4542–4557. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Takayanagi H, Sunhwa K, Koga T, Nishina H, Isshiki M, Yoshida H, Saiura A, Isobe M, Yokochi T, Inoue J, et al: Induction and activation of the transcription factor NFATc1 (NFAT2) integrate RANKL signaling in terminal differentiation of osteoclasts. Dev Cell. 3:889–901. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Kim JH and Kim N: Regulation of NFATc1 in osteoclast differentiation. J Bone Metab. 21:233–241. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Kim JH, Kim K, Jin HM, Song I, Youn BU, Lee SH, Choi Y and Kim N: Negative feedback control of osteoclast formation through ubiquitin-mediated down-regulation of NFATc1. J Biol Chem. 285:5224–5231. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Lee Y, Kantayos V, Kim JS, Rha ES, Son YJ and Baek SH: Inhibitory effects of protopanaxadiol-producing transgenic rice seed extracts on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Life (Basel). 12(1886)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Suh KS, Chon S, Jung WW and Choi EM: Effects of methylglyoxal on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact. 296:18–25. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Hwang YH, Kim T, Kim R and Ha H: Magnolol inhibits osteoclast differentiation via suppression of RANKL expression. Molecules. 23(1598)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Song C, Yang X, Lei Y, Zhang Z, Smith W, Yan J and Kong L: Evaluation of efficacy on RANKL induced osteoclast from RAW264.7 cells. J Cell Physiol. 234:11969–11975. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Zeng Z, Zhang C and Chen J: Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference of DC-STAMP expression inhibits the fusion and resorptive activity of human osteoclasts. J Bone Miner Metab. 31:409–416. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Islam R, Bae HS, Yoon WJ, Woo KM, Baek JH, Kim HH, Uchida T and Ryoo HM: Pin1 regulates osteoclast fusion through suppression of the master regulator of cell fusion DC-STAMP. J Cell Physiol. 229:2166–2174. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Zhang C, Dou CE, Xu J and Dong S: DC-STAMP, the key fusion-mediating molecule in osteoclastogenesis. J Cell Physiol. 229:1330–1335. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Panahi N, Fahimfar N, Roshani S, Arjmand B, Gharibzadeh S, Shafiee G, Migliavacca E, Breuille D, Feige JN, Grzywinski Y, et al: Association of amino acid metabolites with osteoporosis, a metabolomic approach: Bushehr elderly health program. Metabolomics. 18(63)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Go M, Shin E, Jang SY, Nam M, Hwang G and Lee SY: BCAT1 promotes osteoclast maturation by regulating branched-chain amino acid metabolism. Exp Mol Med. 54:825–833. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ham J and Lee M: Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action. Exp Ther Med 27: 130, 2024.
APA
Ham, J., & Lee, M. (2024). Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 130. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12418
MLA
Ham, J., Lee, M."Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.4 (2024): 130.
Chicago
Ham, J., Lee, M."Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 4 (2024): 130. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12418
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ham J and Lee M: Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action. Exp Ther Med 27: 130, 2024.
APA
Ham, J., & Lee, M. (2024). Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 130. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12418
MLA
Ham, J., Lee, M."Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.4 (2024): 130.
Chicago
Ham, J., Lee, M."Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 4 (2024): 130. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12418
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team