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Review Special Issue

Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)

This article is part of the special Issue: Immuno-Dermatology
  • Authors:
    • Yijun Chen
    • Gautham Vellaichamy
    • Samantha L. Schneider
    • Wei Kong
    • Zhichao Liu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Dermatology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China, Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
  • Article Number: 131
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    Published online on: February 6, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12419
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Abstract

Melasma is an acquired pigmentation disease that mainly involves the development of symmetrical yellow‑brown facial patches. The incidence rate of the disease is increasing yearly. Therefore, actively studying the exposure factors that induce melasma could contribute to the prevention and treatment of this disease. In the present review, the possible exposure factors were summarized.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Y, Vellaichamy G, Schneider SL, Kong W and Liu Z: Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review). Exp Ther Med 27: 131, 2024.
APA
Chen, Y., Vellaichamy, G., Schneider, S.L., Kong, W., & Liu, Z. (2024). Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 131. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12419
MLA
Chen, Y., Vellaichamy, G., Schneider, S. L., Kong, W., Liu, Z."Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.4 (2024): 131.
Chicago
Chen, Y., Vellaichamy, G., Schneider, S. L., Kong, W., Liu, Z."Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 4 (2024): 131. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12419
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Y, Vellaichamy G, Schneider SL, Kong W and Liu Z: Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review). Exp Ther Med 27: 131, 2024.
APA
Chen, Y., Vellaichamy, G., Schneider, S.L., Kong, W., & Liu, Z. (2024). Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 131. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12419
MLA
Chen, Y., Vellaichamy, G., Schneider, S. L., Kong, W., Liu, Z."Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.4 (2024): 131.
Chicago
Chen, Y., Vellaichamy, G., Schneider, S. L., Kong, W., Liu, Z."Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 4 (2024): 131. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12419
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