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Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis

  • Authors:
    • Lanhua Cai
    • Long Chen
    • Chunmei Lin
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, P.R. China, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Cai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 59
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    Published online on: December 22, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13054
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Abstract

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal chronic disease characterized by progressive interstitial scarring, alveolar destruction and a persistent decline in lung function. The present study evaluated the therapeutic effects of quercetin, a natural flavonoid with potent antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties, in animal models of PF (PROSPERO registration no. INPLASY202530122). A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and Ovid from inception to January 2025, identifying 25 eligible preclinical studies. Data were extracted and analyzed for outcomes in three main categories: Fibrotic changes, inflammatory responses and oxidative stress parameters. Random‑effects meta‑analysis was employed, followed by meta‑regression analysis to examine study heterogeneity. The analysis indicated that quercetin administration was associated with improvements in fibrotic indicators, showing reduced collagen deposition and improved histopathological scores. Anti‑inflammatory effects were observed through modulation of cytokine levels and inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, quercetin demonstrated effects on oxidative stress markers, showing enhanced antioxidant capacity and reduced oxidative damage. Meta‑regression analysis identified a number of moderating factors, including dosage, treatment duration, animal model selection and induction method, which contributed to heterogeneity across studies. The findings suggest that quercetin may provide beneficial effects in experimental PF models through multiple pathways. However, notable heterogeneity was observed among included studies, indicating the need for cautious interpretation of results. Further investigation with standardized protocols is recommended to validate these preliminary findings.
View Figures

Figure 1

Flow diagram of the screening and
selection process. PF, pulmonary fibrosis.

Figure 2

Risk of bias summary. A summary table
of the authors' judgments for each risk of bias item for each
study.

Figure 3

Forest plot illustrating weighted
mean difference and 95% CI for the impact of quercetin on
hydroxyproline. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance.

Figure 4

Forest plot illustrating weighted
mean difference and 95% CI for the impact of quercetin on
lymphocyte count. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance.

Figure 5

Forest plot illustrating weighted
mean difference and 95% CI for the impact of quercetin on SOD
activity. SOD, superoxide dismutase; SD, standard deviation; IV,
inverse variance.

Figure 6

Funnel plot for TNF-α demonstrated a
roughly symmetrical distribution (n=11). SE, standard error; SMD,
standardized mean difference.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Cai L, Chen L and Lin C: Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis. Exp Ther Med 31: 59, 2026.
APA
Cai, L., Chen, L., & Lin, C. (2026). Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 31, 59. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13054
MLA
Cai, L., Chen, L., Lin, C."Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31.2 (2026): 59.
Chicago
Cai, L., Chen, L., Lin, C."Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31, no. 2 (2026): 59. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13054
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Cai L, Chen L and Lin C: Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis. Exp Ther Med 31: 59, 2026.
APA
Cai, L., Chen, L., & Lin, C. (2026). Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 31, 59. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13054
MLA
Cai, L., Chen, L., Lin, C."Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31.2 (2026): 59.
Chicago
Cai, L., Chen, L., Lin, C."Therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31, no. 2 (2026): 59. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13054
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