Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
September-2026 Volume 32 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2026 Volume 32 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis

  • Authors:
    • Yao Jiang
    • Xiaoyan Luo
    • Tao Peng
    • Yang Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 236
    |
    Published online on: July 6, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13231
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:


Abstract

Within the present study, the aim was to identify the factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis (PDAP), thereby enabling earlier clinical identification and timely recognition of patients at an increased risk of worse prognosis. The present retrospective study utilized patients diagnosed with PDAP at the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing, China), between May 2016 and December 2024. PDAP episodes were classified as treatment success or failure. Baseline clinical features and relevant laboratory indices were compared across the two groups. Potential risk factors for PDAP were explored using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression in conjunction with generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression analysis. The discriminative performance of the identified predictors for treatment failure was subsequently assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A total of 72 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis experienced 103 PDAP episodes. Among these, 71 episodes (68.93%) resulted in treatment success and 32 (31.07%) resulted in treatment failure. LASSO regression identified four potential predictors. GEE logistic regression analysis showed that D‑dimer [odds ratio (OR)=3.57; 95% CI: 1.83‑6.95; P<0.001], systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI; OR=1.10; 95% CI: 1.05‑1.15; P<0.001) and serum phosphorus (OR=3.16; 95% CI: 1.14‑8.76; P=0.027) were independent risk factors for treatment failure in PDAP episodes. ROC analysis indicated that D‑dimer exhibited the highest predictive performance [area under the curve (AUC)=0.76; 95% CI: 0.64‑0.86], with an optimal cutoff value of 1.39 (sensitivity: 62.5%; specificity: 83.1%), outperforming SIRI (AUC=0.67; 95% CI: 0.54‑0.80) and serum phosphorus (AUC=0.64; 95% CI: 0.51‑0.76). The present study concluded that elevated D‑dimer, SIRI and serum phosphorus were independently associated with treatment failure in PDAP, with D‑dimer level demonstrating the strongest predictive value.
View Figures

Figure 1

Cross-validation curve for LASSO
logistic regression. Vertical dashed lines indicate λ.min and
λ.1se. LASSO, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator; CV,
cross validation.

Figure 2

Coefficient paths for predictors
across log(λ). Vertical dashed line indicates λ.1se. Only the four
variables retained in the final model are labeled; all other
variable paths are shown to illustrate the selection process.

Figure 3

ROC curve of the risk prediction model
for PDAP episodes. ROC, receiver operating characteristic; AUC,
area under the curve; PDAP, peritoneal dialysis-associated
peritonitis; SIRI, systemic inflammatory response index.
View References

1 

Andreoli MCC and Totoli C: Peritoneal dialysis. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 66 (Suppl 1):S37–S44. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Thongprayoon C, Wathanavasin W, Suppadungsuk S, Davis PW, Miao J, Mao MA, Craici IM, Qureshi F and Cheungpasitporn W: Assessing global and regional public interest in home dialysis modalities from 2004 to 2024. Front Nephrol. 4(1489180)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Perl J, Brown EA, Chan CT, Couchoud C, Davies SJ, Kazancioğlu R, Klarenbach S, Liew A, Weiner DE, Cheung M, et al: Home dialysis: Conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference. Kidney Int. 103:842–858. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Cho Y, Cullis B, Ethier I, Htay H, Jha V, Arruebo S, Caskey FJ, Damster S, Donner JA, Levin A, et al: Global structures, practices, and tools for provision of chronic peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 39 (Suppl 1):ii18–ii25. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Liu X, Qin A, Zhou H, He X, Cader S, Wang S, Tang Y and Qin W: Novel predictors and risk score of treatment failure in peritoneal Dialysis-related peritonitis. Front Med (Lausanne). 8(639744)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Perl J, Davies SJ, Lambie M, Pisoni RL, McCullough K, Johnson DW, Sloand JA, Prichard S, Kawanishi H, Tentori F and Robinson BM: The peritoneal dialysis outcomes and practice patterns study (PDOPPS): Unifying efforts to inform practice and improve global outcomes in peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int. 36:297–307. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Li PK, Chow KM, Cho Y, Fan S, Figueiredo AE, Harris T, Kanjanabuch T, Kim YL, Madero M, Malyszko J, et al: ISPD peritonitis guideline recommendations: 2022 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int. 42:110–153. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Li PKT, Szeto CC, Piraino B, de Arteaga J, Fan S, Figueiredo AE, Fish DN, Goffin E, Kim YL, Salzer W, et al: ISPD peritonitis recommendations: 2016 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int. 36:481–508. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Mao Y, Xiao D, Deng S and Xue S: Development of a clinical risk score system for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis treatment failure. BMC Nephrol. 24(229)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Li J, Liu Y, Lu Y, Fu C, Ye Z and Zhang Z: Dynamic changes in serum albumin and ferritin indicate higher risk of early-onset peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Ther Apher Dial: Jan 2, 2025 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.14244.

11 

Meng L, Zhu X, Yang L, Li X, Cheng S, Guo S, Zhuang X, Zou H and Cui W: Development and validation of a prediction model for treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis patients: A multicenter study. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 42:546–553. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese).

12 

Htay H, Cho Y, Pascoe EM, Darssan D, Nadeau-Fredette AC, Hawley C, Clayton PA, Borlace M, Badve SV, Sud K, et al: Center effects and peritoneal dialysis peritonitis outcomes: Analysis of a national registry. Am J Kidney Dis. 71:814–821. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Su N, Zheng Y, Zhang X, Tang X, Tang LW, Wang Q, Chen X, Wang X, Wen Y, Feng X, et al: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and the first occurrence of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. BMC Nephrol. 23(415)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Li G, Yu J, Jiang S, Wu K, Xu Y, Lu X, Wang Y, Lin J, Yang X, Li Z, et al: Systemic immune-inflammation index was significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular-specific mortalities in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. J Inflamm Res. 16:3871–3878. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Yang Y, Xu Y, Liu S, Lu P, Zhou H and Yang M: The systemic inflammation indexes predict all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. Renal failure. 45(2160348)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Tripodi A and Di Micco P: How we manage a high D-dimer. Haematologica. 109:933–943. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Cerda-Mancillas MC, Santiago-Germán D, Andrade-Bravo B, Pedraza-Olivares F, Valenzo-Hernández F, Leaños-Miranda A and Isordia-Salas I: D-dimer as a biomarker of severity and adverse outcomes in patients with community acquired pneumonia. Arch Med Res. 51:429–435. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Schupp T, Weidner K, Rusnak J, Jawhar S, Forner J, Dulatahu F, Brück LM, Hoffmann U, Kittel M, Bertsch T, et al: D-Dimer levels and the disseminated intravascular coagulation score to predict severity and outcomes in sepsis or septic shock. Clin Lab: May 1, 2023 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.221015.

19 

Dumache R, Muresan CO, Laitin SMD, Ivanovic N, Chisalita A, Herlo A, Marinescu A, Lazureanu EV and Cut TG: COVID-19 organ injury pathology and D-Dimer expression patterns: A retrospective analysis. Diagnostics (Basel). 15(1860)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Balaceanu LA and Dina I: D-dimers in advanced liver cirrhosis: Useful biomarker or not? Am J Med Sci. 368:415–423. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Fiusa MM, Carvalho-Filho MA, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM and De Paula EV: Causes and consequences of coagulation activation in sepsis: An evolutionary medicine perspective. BMC Medicine. 13(105)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Doganyigit Z, Eroglu E and Akyuz E: Inflammatory mediators of cytokines and chemokines in sepsis: From bench to bedside. Hum Exp Toxicol. 41(9603271221078871)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Levi M and van der Poll T: Inflammation and coagulation. Crit Care Med. 38 (Suppl 2):S26–S34. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

De Backer D, Orbegozo Cortés D, Donadello K and Vincent JL: Pathophysiology of microcirculatory dysfunction and the pathogenesis of septic shock. Virulence. 5:73–79. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Iba T, Helms J and Levy JH: Sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) in the management of sepsis. Ann Intensive Care. 14(148)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Qi Q, Zhuang L, Shen Y, Geng Y, Yu S, Chen H, Liu L, Meng Z, Wang P and Chen Z: A novel systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) for predicting the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer after chemotherapy. Cancer. 122:2158–2167. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Wei Y, Wang T, Li G, Feng J, Deng L, Xu H, Yin L, Ma J, Chen D and Chen J: Investigation of systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein ratio, lymphocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio as indicators of inflammation in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Front Psychiatry. 13(941728)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Agnello L, Giglio RV, Bivona G, Scazzone C, Gambino CM, Iacona A, Ciaccio AM, Lo Sasso B and Ciaccio M: The value of a complete blood count (CBC) for sepsis diagnosis and prognosis. Diagnostics (Basel). 11(1881)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Wang Z, Zhang W, Chen L, Lu X and Tu Y: Lymphopenia in sepsis: A narrative review. Crit Care. 28(315)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Li J, Li Y, Zou Y, Chen Y, He L, Wang Y, Zhou J, Xiao F, Niu H and Lu L: Use of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) as a novel prognostic marker for patients on peritoneal dialysis. Ren Fail. 44:1227–1235. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Gu L, Xia Z, Qing B, Wang W, Chen H, Wang J, Chen Y, Gai Z, Hu R and Yuan Y: Systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) is associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in population with chronic kidney disease: Evidence from NHANES (2001-2018). Front Immunol. 15(1338025)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Lopes MB, Karaboyas A, Zhao J, Johnson DW, Kanjanabuch T, Wilkie M, Nitta K, Kawanishi H, Perl J and Pisoni RL: PDOPPS Steering Committee. Association of single and serial measures of serum phosphorus with adverse outcomes in patients on peritoneal dialysis: Results from the international PDOPPS. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 38:193–202. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Liu CT, Lin YC, Lin YC, Kao CC, Chen HH, Hsu CC and Wu MS: Roles of serum calcium, phosphorus, PTH and ALP on mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: A nationwide, population-based longitudinal study. Sci Rep. 7(33)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Huo Z, Liu D, Ye P, Zhang Y, Cao L, Gong N, Dou X, Ren C, Zhu Q, Li D, et al: Longer serum phosphorus time in range is associated with lower mortality risk among peritoneal dialysis patients: A multicenter cohort study. BMC Nephrol. 25(117)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

White KE and Ix JH: Regulation of FGF23 production and phosphate metabolism. Nat Rev Nephrol. 19:185–193. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Fitzpatrick EA, Han X, Xiao Z and Quarles LD: Role of fibroblast growth Factor-23 in innate immune responses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 9(320)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Rossaint J, Oehmichen J, Van Aken H, Reuter S, Pavenstädt HJ, Meersch M, Unruh M and Zarbock A: FGF23 signaling impairs neutrophil recruitment and host defense during CKD. J Clin Invest. 126:962–974. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Han X, Li L, Yang J, King G, Xiao Z and Quarles LD: Counter-regulatory paracrine actions of FGF-23 and 1,25(OH)2 D in macrophages. FEBS Lett. 590:53–67. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Raju S and Saxena R: Hyperphosphatemia in kidney failure: Pathophysiology, challenges, and critical role of phosphorus management. Nutrients. 17(1587)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Yamada S, Tokumoto M, Tatsumoto N, Taniguchi M, Noguchi H, Nakano T, Masutani K, Ooboshi H, Tsuruya K and Kitazono T: Phosphate overload directly induces systemic inflammation and malnutrition as well as vascular calcification in uremia. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 306:F1418–F1428. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Voelkl J, Lang F, Eckardt KU, Amann K, Kuro OM, Pasch A, Pieske B and Alesutan I: Signaling pathways involved in vascular smooth muscle cell calcification during hyperphosphatemia. Cell Mol Life Sci. 76:2077–2091. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Zha D, Yang X and Xi H: Association of hypoalbuminemia with the risk of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: A meta-analysis. Blood Purif: Feb 10, 2025 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.1159/000543693.

43 

Zhang L, Cao T, Li Z, Wen Q, Lin J, Zhang X, Guo Q, Yang X, Yu X and Mao H: Clinical outcomes of peritoneal dialysis patients transferred from hemodialysis: A matched case-control study. Perit Dial Int. 33:259–266. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Arques S: Human serum albumin in cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Intern Med. 52:8–12. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Soeters PB, Wolfe RR and Shenkin A: Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and clinical significance. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 43:181–193. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

van Smeden M, Moons KGM, de Groot JAH, Collins GS, Altman DG, Eijkemans MJ and Reitsma JB: Sample size for binary logistic prediction models: Beyond events per variable criteria. Stat Methods Med Res. 28:2455–2474. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jiang Y, Luo X, Peng T and Li Y: Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis. Exp Ther Med 32: 236, 2026.
APA
Jiang, Y., Luo, X., Peng, T., & Li, Y. (2026). Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 32, 236. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13231
MLA
Jiang, Y., Luo, X., Peng, T., Li, Y."Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32.3 (2026): 236.
Chicago
Jiang, Y., Luo, X., Peng, T., Li, Y."Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32, no. 3 (2026): 236. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13231
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jiang Y, Luo X, Peng T and Li Y: Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis. Exp Ther Med 32: 236, 2026.
APA
Jiang, Y., Luo, X., Peng, T., & Li, Y. (2026). Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 32, 236. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13231
MLA
Jiang, Y., Luo, X., Peng, T., Li, Y."Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32.3 (2026): 236.
Chicago
Jiang, Y., Luo, X., Peng, T., Li, Y."Risk factors associated with treatment failure in peritoneal dialysis‑associated peritonitis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32, no. 3 (2026): 236. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13231
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team