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Pectins extracted from prunes (Prunus domestica L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells

  • Authors:
    • Amanda Plaça Bialli
    • Suelen Cristina Soares Baal
    • Rafaella Fernanda Angeli
    • Gabriel De Oliveira Franco
    • Felipe Figueiredo Weirich
    • Luiz Cláudio Fernandes
    • Lucimara Mach Côrtes Cordeiro
    • Katya Naliwaiko
    • Marcia Helena Appel
    • Fabíola Iagher
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81530‑000, Brazil, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81530‑000, Brazil, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81530‑000, Brazil, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030‑900, Brazil
    Copyright: © Bialli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 9
    |
    Published online on: September 26, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijfn.2025.50
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Abstract

Fruit‑derived pectins exhibit notable biological effects, particularly against tumor cells. Consequently, natural products have become a major focus in the search for novel anticancer agents with fewer side‑effects. The present study evaluated the effects of a pectic fraction extracted from prunes (dried fruits of Prunus domestica), a species cultivated worldwide, on B16F10 cells. The prune pectic fraction obtained with hot water (PWH) reduced the viability of B16F10 murine melanoma cells, while leaving normal BALB/c 3T3 cells unaffected, indicating lower cytotoxicity than the chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin. At concentrations of 10 and 100 µg/ml, PWH specifically inhibited B16F10 cell viability by 24 and 40%, respectively, reduced colony formation by 20 and 26%, respectively, and decreased cytoplasmic extensions by 30% at 100 µg/ml. Furthermore, FAK gene expression increased by 57 and 200%, suggesting a compensatory response to mitigate the cell area loss. Collectively, these results underscore the potential of PWH for further cancer research.
View Figures

Figure 1

Cell viability of tumor (B16F10) and
normal (BALB/c 3T3) cells, expressed as a percentage relative to
the control group (CT) and positive control group (DX) after 72 h
of polysaccharide treatment. (A) B16F10 cells assessed using the
neutral red method; (B) BALB/c 3T3 cells assessed using the neutral
red method; (C) B16F10 cells assessed using the MTT method; (D)
BALB/c 3T3 cells assessed using the MTT method. Results represent
at least three biologically independent experiments analyzed using
one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. Data are presented as the
mean ± SD. *P<0.05, significant differences relative
to the CT group; #P<0.05, significant differences
relative to the DX group. CT, control; DX, doxorubicin.

Figure 2

B16F10 cell proliferation over 72 h
of treatment. The percentage of proliferation was calculated
relative to the 24-h results. Data represent at least three
biologically independent experiments analyzed using two-way ANOVA
(mixed model) followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test, and are
expressed as the mean ± SD. *P<0.05 and
**P<0.01.

Figure 3

B16F10 cell migration and colony
formation capacity. (A) The graph represents the percentage of slot
invasion by cells previously treated with polysaccharide for 72 h,
with corresponding images captured immediately after the scratch
and 24 h later. (B) The number of colonies formed after 72 h of
polysaccharide treatment and 96 h post-replating. Results are based
on at least three biologically independent experiments analyzed
using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. Data are presented as
the mean ± SD. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001,
significant differences compared to the CT. CT, control.

Figure 4

(A) Area occupied by cultured cells
(pixels) at the time of PWH exposure. (B) Area occupied by cultured
cells (pixels) 24 h after PWH exposure. Results represent at least
three biologically independent experiments analyzed using one-way
ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. Data are presented as the mean ±
SD. **P<0.01, significant differences compared to the
CT. CT, control; PWH, prune pectic fraction obtained with hot
water.

Figure 5

FAK relative gene expression in
B16F10 cells over 72 h of treatment. RT-qPCR analysis was performed
on at least three biologically independent experiments and
evaluated using one-way ANOVA. Data are presented as the mean ± SD.
*P<0.05 and ***P<0.001, significant
differences compared to the CT. CT, control; FAK, focal adhesion
kinase.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bialli AP, Baal SC, Angeli RF, Franco GD, Weirich FF, Fernandes LC, Cordeiro LM, Naliwaiko K, Appel MH, Iagher F, Iagher F, et al: Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells. Int J Funct Nutr 6: 9, 2025.
APA
Bialli, A.P., Baal, S.C., Angeli, R.F., Franco, G.D., Weirich, F.F., Fernandes, L.C. ... Iagher, F. (2025). Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells. International Journal of Functional Nutrition, 6, 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijfn.2025.50
MLA
Bialli, A. P., Baal, S. C., Angeli, R. F., Franco, G. D., Weirich, F. F., Fernandes, L. C., Cordeiro, L. M., Naliwaiko, K., Appel, M. H., Iagher, F."Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells". International Journal of Functional Nutrition 6.1 (2025): 9.
Chicago
Bialli, A. P., Baal, S. C., Angeli, R. F., Franco, G. D., Weirich, F. F., Fernandes, L. C., Cordeiro, L. M., Naliwaiko, K., Appel, M. H., Iagher, F."Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells". International Journal of Functional Nutrition 6, no. 1 (2025): 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijfn.2025.50
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Bialli AP, Baal SC, Angeli RF, Franco GD, Weirich FF, Fernandes LC, Cordeiro LM, Naliwaiko K, Appel MH, Iagher F, Iagher F, et al: Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells. Int J Funct Nutr 6: 9, 2025.
APA
Bialli, A.P., Baal, S.C., Angeli, R.F., Franco, G.D., Weirich, F.F., Fernandes, L.C. ... Iagher, F. (2025). Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells. International Journal of Functional Nutrition, 6, 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijfn.2025.50
MLA
Bialli, A. P., Baal, S. C., Angeli, R. F., Franco, G. D., Weirich, F. F., Fernandes, L. C., Cordeiro, L. M., Naliwaiko, K., Appel, M. H., Iagher, F."Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells". International Journal of Functional Nutrition 6.1 (2025): 9.
Chicago
Bialli, A. P., Baal, S. C., Angeli, R. F., Franco, G. D., Weirich, F. F., Fernandes, L. C., Cordeiro, L. M., Naliwaiko, K., Appel, M. H., Iagher, F."Pectins extracted from prunes (<em>Prunus domestica</em> L.) inhibit the invasive capacity of melanoma cells". International Journal of Functional Nutrition 6, no. 1 (2025): 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijfn.2025.50
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