Oxidative stress caused by a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide induces senescence-like changes in mouse gingival fibroblasts

Kiyoshima,Tamotsu; Enoki,Norio; Kobayashi,Ieyoshi; Sakai,Takako; Nagata,Kengo; Wada,Hiroko; Fujiwara,Hiroaki; Ookuma,Yukiko; Sakai,Hidetaka

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.1102

Oxidative stress caused by a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide induces senescence-like changes in mouse gingival fibroblasts

Authors:
- Tamotsu Kiyoshima
- Norio Enoki
- Ieyoshi Kobayashi
- Takako Sakai
- Kengo Nagata
- Hiroko Wada
- Hiroaki Fujiwara
- Yukiko Ookuma
- Hidetaka Sakai
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Affiliations: Laboratory of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan , Department of Morphological Biology, Pathology Section, Fukuoka Dental College, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan , Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
Published online on: August 20, 2012 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2012.1102
Pages: 1007-1012
Copyright: © Kiyoshima et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Periodontal tissue deteriorates under persistent oxidative stress induced by inflammatory reactions in the microflora of the oral cavity. This study aimed to evaluate the cellular properties of mouse gingival fibroblasts (MGFs) in the presence of oxidative stress. MGFs from 10-, 30- and 52-week-old mice were used to evaluate the changes in the cellular properties with aging. The study investigated the effects of oxidative stress on the cellular properties of MGFs from 10-week-old mice. The expression of p53, p21 and murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) in the MGFs in response to oxidative stress was also examined. By day 8, the number of MGFs increased in culture. However, the increase was markedly lower in MGFs derived from aged mice. Oxidative stress due to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced morphological changes characterized by a round shape with enlarged nuclei and expanded cytoplasm. The cell number of MGFs was decreased subsequent to treatment with 50 µM or a higher concentration of H2O2. MGFs treated with H2O2 at 20 µM showed a similar cell growth curve as the one seen in 52-week-old mice. Phosphorylated p53 protein was increased in MGFs subsequent to treatment with 20 µM H2O2, along with an upregulated transcription of p21 and Mdm2 mRNAs. These results suggest that treatment with a lower concentration of H2O2 in MGFs induces cell cycle arrest, resulting in stress-induced premature senescence, possibly correlated with the development of periodontal diseases.

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