Nardostachys chinensis induces the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells through the activation of the protein kinase C-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway

  • Authors:
    • Sung-Min Ju
    • Jun-Gue Kang
    • Hyun-Ock Pae
    • Guem-San Lee
    • Won-Sin Kim
    • Yeoung-Su Lyu
    • Byung-Hun Jeon
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  • Published online on: December 19, 2013     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2013.1596
  • Pages: 573-580
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Abstract

The underground parts of Nardostachys chinensis (N. chinensis), which belongs the genus Valerianaceae, have been used as sedative and analgesic agents in traditional Korean medicine for centuries. The mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of various cellular responses, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a key role in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in the differentiation of the HL-60 human leukemic cells induced by N. chinensis extract. Treatment with N. chinensis extract resulted in the activation of the extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and induced the differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes. The activation of p38 MAPK was also observed 24 h after treatment; however, the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was unaffected. Treatment with an inhibitor of ERK (PD98059) blocked the nitrotetrazolium blue chloride (NBT) reducing activity and CD11b expression in the N. chinensis-treated HL-60 cells, whereas treatment with an inhibitor of p38 MAPK (SB203580) had no significant effect on NBT reducing activity and CD11b expression. In addition, N. chinensis extract increased PKC activity and the protein levels of PKCα, PKCβI and PKCβII isoforms, without a significant change in the protein levels of the PKCγ isoform. PKC inhibitors (GF 109203X, chelerythrine and H-7) inhibited the differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes, as well as ERK activation in the N. chinensis-treated HL-60 cells. These results indicate that the PKC and ERK signaling pathways may be involved in the induction, by N. chinensis extract, of the differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes.
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2014-March
Volume 33 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Ju S, Kang J, Pae H, Lee G, Kim W, Lyu Y and Jeon B: Nardostachys chinensis induces the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells through the activation of the protein kinase C-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 33: 573-580, 2014.
APA
Ju, S., Kang, J., Pae, H., Lee, G., Kim, W., Lyu, Y., & Jeon, B. (2014). Nardostachys chinensis induces the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells through the activation of the protein kinase C-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 33, 573-580. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2013.1596
MLA
Ju, S., Kang, J., Pae, H., Lee, G., Kim, W., Lyu, Y., Jeon, B."Nardostachys chinensis induces the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells through the activation of the protein kinase C-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33.3 (2014): 573-580.
Chicago
Ju, S., Kang, J., Pae, H., Lee, G., Kim, W., Lyu, Y., Jeon, B."Nardostachys chinensis induces the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells through the activation of the protein kinase C-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33, no. 3 (2014): 573-580. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2013.1596