Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
May-2014 Volume 33 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2014 Volume 33 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library

  • Authors:
    • Xin Lü
    • Min Yao
    • Jian-Min Zhang
    • Jing Yang
    • Ying-Feng Lei
    • Xiao-Jun Huang
    • Zhan-Sheng Jia
    • Li Ma
    • Hai-Yun Lan
    • Zhi-Kai Xu
    • Wen Yin
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Microbiology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China, Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Infectious Disease of Chinese PLA, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1312-1318
    |
    Published online on: February 25, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1670
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope protein E2 is required for the entry of HCV into cells. Viral envelope proteins interact with cell receptors in a multistep process, which may be a promising target for the development of novel antiviral agents. In this study, a heptapeptide M13 phage-display library was screened for peptides that bind specifically to prokaryotically expressed, purified truncated HCV envelope protein E2. ELISA assay was used to quantify the binding of the peptides to HCV E2 protein. Flow cytometry, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and western blotting were used to investigate the inhibition effect of one peptide on HCV infection in hepatoma cells (Huh7.5) in vitro. Four peptides capable of binding specifically to HCV E2 protein were obtained after three rounds of biopanning. Peptide C18 (WPWHNHR), with the highest affinity for binding HCV E2 protein, was synthesized. The results showed that peptide C18 inhibited the viral infectivity of both HCV pseudotype particles (HCVpp) harboring HCV envelope glycoproteins and cell-culture produced HCV (HCVcc). Thus, this study demonstrated that peptide C18 is a potential candidate for anti-HCV therapy as a novel viral entry inhibitor.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

McGivern DR and Lemon SM: Virus-specific mechanisms of carcinogenesis in hepatitis C virus associated liver cancer. Oncogene. 30:1969–1983. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Bacon BR and McHutchison JG: Into the light: strategies for battling hepatitis C. Am J Manag Care. 13(Suppl 12): S319–S326. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Berwyn C: Molecular virology of hepatitis C virus. J Gen Virol. 78:2397–2410. 1997.

4 

Penin F, Dubuisson J, Rey FA, Moradpour D and Pawlotsky JM: Structural biology of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology. 39:5–19. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Reed KE and Rice CM: Overview of hepatitis C virus genome structure, polyprotein processing, and protein properties. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 242:55–84. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Flint M and McKeating JA: The role of the hepatitis C virus glycoproteins in infection. Rev Med Virol. 10:101–117. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Simmonds P: Genetic diversity and evolution of hepatitis C virus - 15 years on. J Gen Virol. 85:3173–3188. 2004.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Bartosch B, Verney G, Dreux M, Donot P, Morice Y, Penin F, Pawlotsky JM, Lavillette D and Cosset FL: An interplay between hypervariable region 1 of the hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein, the scavenger receptor BI, and high-density lipoprotein promotes both enhancement of infection and protection against neutralizing antibodies. J Virol. 79:8217–8229. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Callens N, Ciczora Y, Bartosch B, Vu-Dac N, Cosset FL and Pawlotsky JM: Basic residues in hypervariable region 1 of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2 contribute to virus entry. J Virol. 79:15331–15341. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Zeisel MB, Fofana I, Fafi-Kremer S and Baumert TF: Hepatitis C virus entry into hepatocytes: molecular mechanisms and targets for antiviral therapies. J Hepatol. 54:566–576. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Owsianka A, Clayton RF, Loomis-Price LD, McKeating JA and Patel AH: Functional analysis of hepatitis C virus E2 glycoproteins and virus-like particles reveals structural dissimilarities between different forms of E2. J Gen Virol. 82:1877–1883. 2001.

12 

Lavillette D, Tarr AW, Voisset C, Donot P, Bartosch B, Bain C, Patel AH, Dubuisson J, Ball JK and Cosset FL: Characterization of host-range and cell entry properties of the major genotypes and subtypes of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology. 41:265–274. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Flint M, Dubuisson J, Maidens C, Harrop R, Guile GR, Borrow P and McKeating JA: Functional characterization of intracellular and secreted forms of a truncated hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein. J Virol. 74:702–709. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Yao M, Fang HL, Yin W, Lei YF, Yang J, Sun MN, Tian JH and Lü X: Prokaryotic expression and purification of truncated hepatitis c virus envelope glycoprotein E2. Sci Technol Eng. 9:2296–2298. 2009.

15 

Bartosch B, Dubuisson J and Cosset FL: Infectious hepatitis C virus pseudo-particles containing functional E1–E2 envelope protein complexes. J Exp Med. 197:633–642. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Hsu M, Zhang J, Flint M, Logvinoff C, Cheng-Mayer C, Rice CM and McKeating JA: Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins mediate pH-dependent cell entry of pseudotyped retroviral particles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 100:7271–7276. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Lindenbach BD, Evans MJ, Syder AJ, Wölk B, Tellinghuisen TL, Liu CC, Maruyama T, Hynes RO, Burton DR, McKeating JA and Rice CM: Complete replication of hepatitis C virus in cell culture. Science. 309:623–626. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Lindenbach BD, Meuleman P, Ploss A, Vanwolleghem T, Syder AJ, McKeating JA, Lanford RE, Feinstone SM, Major ME, Leroux-Roels G and Rice CM: Cell culture-grown hepatitis C virus is infectious in vivo and can be recultured in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103:3805–3809. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Yang J, Lei YF, Yin W, Wei SH, An QX, Lv X, Hu XB and Xu ZK: Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody specific for NS3 helicase of hepatitis C virus. Hybridoma. 27:181–186. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Pileri P, Uematsu Y, Campagnoli S, Galli G, Falugi F, Petracca R, Weiner AJ, Houghton M, Rosa D, Grandi G and Abrignani S: Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81. Science. 282:938–941. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Zhang J, Randall G, Higginbottom A, Monk P, Rice CM and McKeating JA: CD81 is required for hepatitis C virus glycoprotein-mediated viral infection. J Virol. 78:1448–1455. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Scarselli E, Ansuini H, Cerino R, Roccasecca RM, Acali S, Filocamo G, Traboni C, Nicosia A, Cortese R and Vitelli A: The human scavenger receptor class B type I is a novel candidate receptor for the hepatitis C virus. EMBO J. 21:5017–5025. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Bartosch B, Vitelli A, Granier C, Goujon C, Dubuisson J, Pascale S, Scarselli E, Cortese R, Nicosia A and Cosset FL: Cell entry of hepatitis C virus requires a set of co-receptors that include the CD81 tetraspanin and the SR-B1 scavenger receptor. J Biol Chem. 278:41624–41630. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Agnello V, Abel G, Elfahal M, Knight GB and Zhang QX: Hepatitis C virus and other flaviviridae viruses enter cells via low density lipoprotein receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:12766–12771. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Cormier EG, Durso RJ, Tsamis F, Boussemart L, Manix C, Olson WC, Gardner JP and Dragic T: L-SIGN (CD209L) and DC-SIGN (CD209) mediate transinfection of liver cells by hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:14067–14072. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Garson JA, Lubach D, Passas J, Whitby K and Grant PR: Suramin blocks hepatitis C binding to human hepatoma cells in vitro. J Med Virol. 57:238–242. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Evans MJ, von Hahn T, Tscherne DM, Syder AJ, Panis M, Wölk B, Hatziioannou T, McKeating JA, Bieniasz PD and Rice CM: Claudin-1 is a hepatitis C virus co-receptor required for a late step in entry. Nature. 446:801–805. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Ploss A, Evans MJ, Gaysinskaya VA, Panis M, You H, de Jong YP and Rice CM: Human occludin is a hepatitis C virus entry factor required for infection of mouse cells. Nature. 457:882–886. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Cervia JS and Smith MA: Enfuvirtide (T-20): a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 fusion inhibitor. Clin Infect Dis. 37:1102–1106. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Dorr P, Westby M, Dobbs S, Griffin P, Irvine B, Macartney M, Mori J, Rickett G, Smith-Burchnell C, Napier C, Webster R, Armour D, Price D, Stammen B, Wood A and Perros M: Maraviroc (UK-427, 857), a potent, orally bioavailable, and selective small-molecule inhibitor of chemokine receptor CCR5 with broad-spectrum antihuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 49:4721–4732. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Fätkenheuer G, Pozniak AL, Johnson MA, Plettenberg A, Staszewski S, Hoepelman AI, Saag MS, Goebel FD, Rockstroh JK, Dezube BJ, Jenkins TM, Medhurst C, Sullivan JF, Ridgway C, Abel S, James IT, Youle M and van der Ryst E: Efficacy of short-term monotherapy with maraviroc, a new CCR5 antagonist, in patients infected with HIV-1. Nat Med. 11:1170–1172. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

32 

Shimizu YK, Hijikata M, Iwamoto A, Alter HJ, Purcell RH and Yoshikura H: Neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis C virus and the emergence of neutralization escape mutant viruses. J Virol. 68:1494–1500. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

33 

Cao J, Zhao P, Miao XH, Zhao LJ, Xue LJ and Qi ZT: Phage display selection on whole cells yields a small peptide specific for HCV receptor human CD81. Cell Res. 13:473–479. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Cao J, Liao XL, Wu SM, Zhao P, Zhao LJ, Wu WB and Qi ZT: Selection of a phage-displayed peptide recognized by monoclonal antibody directed blocking the site of hepatitis C virus E2 for human CD81. J Microbiol Methods. 68:601–604. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Molek P, Strukelj B and Bratkovic T: Peptide phage display as a tool for drug discovery: targeting membrane receptors. Molecules. 16:857–887. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Kim MS, Park C, Lee JH and Myung H: Selection and target-site mapping of peptides inhibiting HCV NS5B polymerase using phage display. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 18:328–333. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Baldick CJ, Wichroski MJ, Pendri A, Walsh AW, Fang J, Mazzucco CE, Pokornowski KA, Rose RE, Eggers BJ, Hsu M, Zhai W, Zhai G, Gerritz SW, Poss MA, Meanwell NA, Cockett MI and Tenney DJ: A novel small molecule inhibitor of hepatitis C virus entry. PLoS Pathog. 6:e10010862010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Liu R, Tewari M, Kong R, Zhang R, Ingravallo P and Ralston R: A peptide derived from hepatitis C virus E2 envelope protein inhibits a post-binding step in HCV entry. Antiviral Res. 86:172–179. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Hong HW, Lee SW and Myung H: Selection of peptides binding to HCV E2 and inhibiting viral infectivity. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 20:1769–1771. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lü X, Yao M, Zhang J, Yang J, Lei Y, Huang X, Jia Z, Ma L, Lan H, Xu Z, Xu Z, et al: Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library. Int J Mol Med 33: 1312-1318, 2014.
APA
Lü, X., Yao, M., Zhang, J., Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, X. ... Yin, W. (2014). Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 33, 1312-1318. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1670
MLA
Lü, X., Yao, M., Zhang, J., Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, X., Jia, Z., Ma, L., Lan, H., Xu, Z., Yin, W."Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33.5 (2014): 1312-1318.
Chicago
Lü, X., Yao, M., Zhang, J., Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, X., Jia, Z., Ma, L., Lan, H., Xu, Z., Yin, W."Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33, no. 5 (2014): 1312-1318. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1670
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Lü X, Yao M, Zhang J, Yang J, Lei Y, Huang X, Jia Z, Ma L, Lan H, Xu Z, Xu Z, et al: Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library. Int J Mol Med 33: 1312-1318, 2014.
APA
Lü, X., Yao, M., Zhang, J., Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, X. ... Yin, W. (2014). Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 33, 1312-1318. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1670
MLA
Lü, X., Yao, M., Zhang, J., Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, X., Jia, Z., Ma, L., Lan, H., Xu, Z., Yin, W."Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33.5 (2014): 1312-1318.
Chicago
Lü, X., Yao, M., Zhang, J., Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, X., Jia, Z., Ma, L., Lan, H., Xu, Z., Yin, W."Identification of peptides that bind hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 and inhibit viral cellular entry from a phage-display peptide library". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33, no. 5 (2014): 1312-1318. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1670
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team