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Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans

  • Authors:
    • Soo Yeon Park
    • Jung Hwan Lee
    • Ha Young Kim
    • Kyoung Ho Yoon
    • Seong Kyu Park
    • Mun Seog Chang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Graduate School of Education, Yong In University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea, Department of Prescriptionology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Park et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].
  • Pages: 1110-1116
    |
    Published online on: February 27, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1675
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Abstract

In the normal aging process, apoptosis has been implicated as a mechanism responsible for the loss of muscle cells and plays an important role in age-related muscle loss. Several signaling pathways involved in skeletal muscle apoptosis are currently under intense investigation, particularly the caspase-independent pathway. This study investigated the age-related apoptotic changes occurring in the gracilis muscle in humans between 10 and 50 years of age. For this purpose, muscle samples were divided into 5 groups (n=8). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining and immunofluorescence detection were performed to determine the number of apoptotic muscle cells in each group. In addition, the expression levels of apoptosis-related factors, such as Bcl-2, Bax, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), caspase-3 and calpain-1 were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. TUNEL assay revealed a significant increase in gracilis muscle apoptosis with aging. The activity of caspase-3 in the gracilis muscle tended to change with age, although the changes were not significant, while the increase in DNA nuclei in muscle from 50 years of age (5.419±0.97) was associated with an increase in the expression of AIF, as observed both at protein (10-30%) and mRNA level (10-60%) in gracilis tissues. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the relative Bcl-2 expression decreased with aging, while Bax expression was upregulated compared to 10 ‑year‑olds. In addition, a double-labeling experiment with TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence revealed the co-localization of nuclear AIF-positive and TUNEL-labeled cells. This study suggests that apoptosis in gracilis skeletal muscle in the elderly is partly mediated through the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and the degradation of AIF.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Park SY, Lee JH, Kim HY, Yoon KH, Park SK and Chang MS: Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans. Int J Mol Med 33: 1110-1116, 2014.
APA
Park, S.Y., Lee, J.H., Kim, H.Y., Yoon, K.H., Park, S.K., & Chang, M.S. (2014). Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 33, 1110-1116. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1675
MLA
Park, S. Y., Lee, J. H., Kim, H. Y., Yoon, K. H., Park, S. K., Chang, M. S."Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33.5 (2014): 1110-1116.
Chicago
Park, S. Y., Lee, J. H., Kim, H. Y., Yoon, K. H., Park, S. K., Chang, M. S."Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33, no. 5 (2014): 1110-1116. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1675
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Park SY, Lee JH, Kim HY, Yoon KH, Park SK and Chang MS: Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans. Int J Mol Med 33: 1110-1116, 2014.
APA
Park, S.Y., Lee, J.H., Kim, H.Y., Yoon, K.H., Park, S.K., & Chang, M.S. (2014). Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 33, 1110-1116. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1675
MLA
Park, S. Y., Lee, J. H., Kim, H. Y., Yoon, K. H., Park, S. K., Chang, M. S."Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33.5 (2014): 1110-1116.
Chicago
Park, S. Y., Lee, J. H., Kim, H. Y., Yoon, K. H., Park, S. K., Chang, M. S."Differential expression of apoptosis-related factors induces the age-related apoptosis of the gracilis muscle in humans". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33, no. 5 (2014): 1110-1116. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1675
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