Farnesol induces apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells through the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways

Park,Jin Soo; Kwon,Jung Ki; Kim,Hye Ri; Kim,Hyeong Jin; Kim,Byeong Soo; Jung,Ji Youn

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2014.1679

Farnesol induces apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells through the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways

Authors:
- Jin Soo Park
- Jung Ki Kwon
- Hye Ri Kim
- Hyeong Jin Kim
- Byeong Soo Kim
- Ji Youn Jung
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Affiliations: Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Chungnam 340702, Republic of Korea
Published online on: February 27, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1679
Pages: 1169-1176

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of farnesol on the induction of apoptosis in DU145 prostate cancer cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay showed that cell proliferation decreased significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner. 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole staining showed that chromatin condensation in cells treated with 60 µM of farnesol was markedly higher than in the control groups. Farnesol increased the expression of p53, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, cleaved-caspase-3, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-9, but decreased the expression of p-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), p-Akt, p-p38, Bcl-2, and p-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptotic cell ratio increased in a dose-dependent manner. The tumor growth inhibitory effect of farnesol was investigated in a mouse model. Compared to the control group, tumor volume decreased significantly in the group administered 50 mg/kg farnesol. Apoptosis was frequently detected in this same group by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. The results indicated that farnesol induced apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells through the PI3K/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.

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