Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 34 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 34 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells

  • Authors:
    • Emina Aoyama
    • Ippei Watari
    • Katarzyna Anna Podyma-Inoue
    • Masaki Yanagishita
    • Takashi Ono
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan, Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
  • Pages: 475-482
    |
    Published online on: May 27, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1787
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP‑1R) are incretin receptors that play important roles in regulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells. Incretin receptors are also thought to play a potential role in bone metabolism. Osteoblasts in animals and humans express GIPR; however, the presence of GLP-1R in these cells has not been reported to date. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether GLP-1R and GIPR are expressed in osteoblastic cells, and whether their expression levels are regulated by the extracellular glucose concentration. Mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in medium containing normal (5.6 mM) or high (10, 20 or 30 mM) glucose concentrations, with or without bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). RT-PCR, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were carried out to determine GIPR and GLP-1R mRNA and protein expression levels. Cell proliferation was also assessed. The GLP-1R and GIPR mRNA expression levels were higher in the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured in medium containing high glucose concentrations with BMP-2 compared with the cells cultured in medium containing normal glucose concentrations with or without BMP-2. GLP-1R protein expression increased following culture in high-glucose medium with BMP-2 compared with culture under normal glucose conditions. However, the cellular localization of GLP-1R was not affected by either glucose or BMP-2. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the expression of GLP-1R and GIPR is regulated by glucose concentrations in MC3T3-E1 cells undergoing differentiation induced by BMP-2. Our results reveal the potential role of incretins in bone metabolism.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Perry T and Greig NH: Enhancing central nervous system endogenous GLP-1 receptor pathways for intervention in Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2:377–385. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

2 

Lavin JH, Wittert GA, Andrews J, et al: Interaction of insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and appetite in response to intraduodenal carbohydrate. Am J Clin Nutr. 68:591–598. 1998.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Nikolaidis LA, Elahi D, Hentosz T, et al: Recombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 increases myocardial glucose uptake and improves left ventricular performance in conscious dogs with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 110:955–961. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Dupre J, Behme MT, Hramiak IM, et al: Glucagon-like peptide I reduces postprandial glycemic excursions in IDDM. Diabetes. 44:626–630. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Ding KH, Zhong Q, Xie D, et al: Effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide on behavior. Peptides. 27:2750–2755. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Miyawaki K, Yamada Y, Ban N, et al: Inhibition of gastric inhibitory polypeptide signaling prevents obesity. Nat Med. 8:738–742. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Gaudin-Audrain C, Irwin N, Mansur S, et al: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor deficiency leads to modifications of trabecular bone volume and quality in mice. Bone. 53:221–230. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Ceccarelli E, Guarino EG, Merlotti D, et al: Beyond glycemic control in diabetes mellitus: effects of incretin-based therapies on bone metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 4:732013.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Hansotia T and Drucker DJ: GIP and GLP-1 as incretin hormones: lessons from single and double incretin receptor knockout mice. Regul Pept. 128:125–134. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Yip RG, Boylan MO, Kieffer TJ and Wolfe MM: Functional GIP receptors are present on adipocytes. Endocrinology. 139:4004–4007. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Seino Y, Fukushima M and Yabe D: GIP and GLP-1, the two incretin hormones: similarities and differences. J Diabetes Invest. 1:8–23. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Ferron M, Wei J, Yoshizawa T, et al: Insulin signaling in osteoblasts integrates bone remodeling and energy metabolism. Cell. 142:296–308. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Kamada A, Ikeo T, Yoshikawa Y, et al: Gene expression of adipocytokine receptors during osteoblastic differentiation. J Oral Tissue Eng. 7:53–60. 2009.

14 

Huang CY, Lee CY, Chen MY, Tsai HC, Hsu HC and Tang CH: Adiponectin increases BMP-2 expression in osteoblasts via AdipoR receptor signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol. 224:475–483. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Prigeon RL, Quddusi S, Paty B and D’Alessio DA: Suppression of glucose production by GLP-1 independent of islet hormones: a novel extrapancreatic effect. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 285:E701–E707. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Sancho V, Nuche B, Arnés L, et al: The action of GLP-1 and exendins upon glucose transport in normal human adipocytes, and on kinase activity as compared to morbidly obese patients. Int J Mol Med. 19:961–966. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Vella A, Shah P, Reed AS, Adkins AS, Basu R and Rizza RA: Lack of effect of exendin-4 and glucagon-like peptide-1-(7,36)-amide on insulin action in non-diabetic humans. Diabetologia. 45:1410–1415. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Egan JM, Meneilly GS, Habener JF and Elahi D: Glucagon-like peptide-1 augments insulin-mediated glucose uptake in the obese state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87:3768–3773. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Nuche-Berenguer B, Moreno P, Esbrit P, et al: Effect of GLP-1 treatment on bone turnover in normal, type 2 diabetic, and insulin-resistant states. Calcif Tissue Int. 84:453–461. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Yamada C, Yamada Y, Tsukiyama K, et al: The murine glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is essential for control of bone resorption. Endocrinology. 149:574–579. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Bollag RJ, Zhong Q, Phillips P, et al: Osteoblast-derived cells express functional glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptors. Endocrinology. 141:1228–1235. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zhong Q, Itokawa T, Sridhar S, et al: Effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide on osteoclast function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 292:E543–E548. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Xie D, Cheng H, Hamrick M, et al: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor knockout mice have altered bone turnover. Bone. 37:759–769. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Mieczkowska A, Irwin N, Flatt PR, Chappard D and Mabilleau G: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor deletion leads to reduced bone strength and quality. Bone. 56:337–342. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Noguchi H, Oishi K, Ueda M, et al: Establishment of mouse pancreatic stem cell line. Cell Transplant. 18:563–571. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Laemmli UK: Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 227:680–685. 1970. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Nuche-Berenguer B, Portal-Núñez S, Moreno P, et al: Presence of a functional receptor for GLP-1 in osteoblastic cells, independent of the cAMP-linked GLP-1 receptor. J Cell Physiol. 225:585–592. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Lamari Y, Boissard C, Moukhtar MS, Jullienne A, Rosselin G and Garel JM: Expression of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor in a murine C cell line: regulation of calcitonin gene by glucagon-like peptide 1. FEBS Lett. 393:248–252. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Tsukiyama K, Yamada Y, Yamada C, et al: Gastric inhibitory polypeptide as an endogenous factor promoting new bone formation after food ingestion. Mol Endocrinol. 20:1644–1651. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Ambrosio ML, Monami M, Sati L, Marchionni N, Di Bari M and Mannucci E: GLP-1 receptor agonist-induced polyarthritis: a case report. Acta Diabetol. Oct 25–2013.(Epub ahead of print).

31 

Russell JW, Sullivan KA, Windebank AJ, Herrmann DN and Feldman EL: Neurons undergo apoptosis in animal and cell culture models of diabetes. Neurobiol Dis. 6:347–363. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Romeo G, Liu WH, Asnaghi V, Kern TS and Lorenzi M: Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB induced by diabetes and high glucose regulates a proapoptotic program in retinal pericytes. Diabetes. 51:2241–2248. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Piconi L, Quagliaro L, Assaloni R, et al: Constant and intermittent high glucose enhances endothelial cell apoptosis through mitochondrial superoxide overproduction. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 22:198–203. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Weil BR, Abarbanell AM, Herrmann JL, Wang Y and Meldrum DR: High glucose concentration in cell culture medium does not acutely affect human mesenchymal stem cell growth factor production or proliferation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 296:R1735–R1743. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Balint E, Szabo P, Marshall CF and Sprague SM: Glucose-induced inhibition of in vitro bone mineralization. Bone. 28:21–28. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Yabe D and Seino Y: Two incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP: comparison of their actions in insulin secretion and β cell preservation. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 107:248–256. 2011.

37 

Pedersen J, Ugleholdt RK, Jørgensen SM, et al: Glucose metabolism is altered after loss of L cells and alpha-cells but not influenced by loss of K cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 304:E60–E73. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Choi KY, Kim HJ, Lee MH, et al: Runx2 regulates FGF2-induced Bmp2 expression during cranial bone development. Dev Dyn. 233:115–121. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Gigoux V and Fourmy D: Acting on hormone receptors with minimal side effect on cell proliferation: A timely challenge illustrated with GLP-1R and GPER. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 4:502013.PubMed/NCBI

40 

Monami M, Cresci B, Colombini A, et al: Bone fractures and hypoglycemic treatment in type 2 diabetic patients: a case-control study. Diabetes Care. 31:199–203. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Meier C, Kraenzlin ME, Bodmer M, Jick SS, Jick H and Meier CR: Use of thiazolidinediones and fracture risk. Arch Intern Med. 168:820–825. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Bazelier MT, Gallagher AM, van Staa TP, et al: Use of thiazolidinediones and risk of osteoporotic fracture: disease or drugs? Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 21:507–514. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Monami M, Dicembrini I, Antenore A and Mannucci E: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and bone fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Care. 34:2474–2476. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Drucker DJ and Nauck MA: The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 368:1696–1705. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Tahara N, Yamagishi S, Takeuchi M, et al: Serum levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are independently correlated with circulating levels of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) in humans. Clin Biochem. 46:300–303. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Yamagishi S and Matsui T: Pleiotropic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based therapies on vascular complications in diabetes. Curr Pharm Des. 17:4379–4385. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Aoyama E, Watari I, Podyma-Inoue KA, Yanagishita M and Ono T: Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Med 34: 475-482, 2014.
APA
Aoyama, E., Watari, I., Podyma-Inoue, K.A., Yanagishita, M., & Ono, T. (2014). Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 34, 475-482. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1787
MLA
Aoyama, E., Watari, I., Podyma-Inoue, K. A., Yanagishita, M., Ono, T."Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 34.2 (2014): 475-482.
Chicago
Aoyama, E., Watari, I., Podyma-Inoue, K. A., Yanagishita, M., Ono, T."Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 34, no. 2 (2014): 475-482. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1787
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Aoyama E, Watari I, Podyma-Inoue KA, Yanagishita M and Ono T: Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Med 34: 475-482, 2014.
APA
Aoyama, E., Watari, I., Podyma-Inoue, K.A., Yanagishita, M., & Ono, T. (2014). Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 34, 475-482. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1787
MLA
Aoyama, E., Watari, I., Podyma-Inoue, K. A., Yanagishita, M., Ono, T."Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 34.2 (2014): 475-482.
Chicago
Aoyama, E., Watari, I., Podyma-Inoue, K. A., Yanagishita, M., Ono, T."Expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is regulated by the glucose concentration in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 34, no. 2 (2014): 475-482. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1787
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team