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Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages

  • Authors:
    • Sin-Hye Park
    • Ji Hun Paek
    • Daekeun Shin
    • Jae-Yong Lee
    • Soon Sung Lim
    • Young-Hee Kang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Park et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].
  • Pages: 957-965
    |
    Published online on: February 12, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2101
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Abstract

The cellular accumulation of cholesterol is critical in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters play an essential role in mediating the efflux of excess cholesterol. In the current study, we investigated whether purple Perilla frutescens extracts (PPE) at a non-toxic concentration of 1-10 µg/ml stimulate the induction of the ABC transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1, and cholesterol efflux from lipid-laden J774A.1 murine macrophages exposed to 50 ng/ml oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Purple perilla, an annual herb in the mint family and its constituents, have been reported to exhibit antioxidant and cytostatic activity, as well as to exert anti-allergic effects. Our results revealed that treatment with oxidized LDL for 24 h led to the accumulation of lipid droplets in the macrophages. PPE suppressed the oxidized LDL-induced foam cell formation by blocking the induction of scavenger receptor B1. However, PPE promoted the induction of the ABC transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1, and subsequently accelerated cholesterol efflux from the lipid-loaded macrophages. The liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, TO-091317, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, pioglitazone, increased ABCA1 expression and treatment with 10 µg/ml PPE further enhanced this effect. PPE did not induce LXRα and PPARγ expression per se, but enhanced their expression in the macrophages exposed to oxidized LDL. α-asarone was isolated from PPE and characterized as a major component enhancing the induction of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in macrophages exposed to oxidized LDL. α-asarone, but not β-asarone was effective in attenuating foam cell formation and enhancing cholesterol efflux, revealing an isomeric difference in their activity. The results from the present study demonstrate that PPE promotes cholesterol efflux from macrophages by activating the interaction of PPARγ-LXRα-ABC transporters.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Park S, Paek JH, Shin D, Lee J, Lim SS and Kang Y: Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages. Int J Mol Med 35: 957-965, 2015.
APA
Park, S., Paek, J.H., Shin, D., Lee, J., Lim, S.S., & Kang, Y. (2015). Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 35, 957-965. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2101
MLA
Park, S., Paek, J. H., Shin, D., Lee, J., Lim, S. S., Kang, Y."Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 35.4 (2015): 957-965.
Chicago
Park, S., Paek, J. H., Shin, D., Lee, J., Lim, S. S., Kang, Y."Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 35, no. 4 (2015): 957-965. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2101
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Park S, Paek JH, Shin D, Lee J, Lim SS and Kang Y: Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages. Int J Mol Med 35: 957-965, 2015.
APA
Park, S., Paek, J.H., Shin, D., Lee, J., Lim, S.S., & Kang, Y. (2015). Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 35, 957-965. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2101
MLA
Park, S., Paek, J. H., Shin, D., Lee, J., Lim, S. S., Kang, Y."Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 35.4 (2015): 957-965.
Chicago
Park, S., Paek, J. H., Shin, D., Lee, J., Lim, S. S., Kang, Y."Purple perilla extracts with α-asarone enhance cholesterol efflux from oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 35, no. 4 (2015): 957-965. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2101
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