Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
November-2017 Volume 40 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2017 Volume 40 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma

Retraction in: /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517
  • Authors:
    • Zhen-Xiu Cheng
    • Wen-Bo Yin
    • Zhong-Yu Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1307-1314
    |
    Published online on: September 7, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3124
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The prognosis of patients suffering from glioblastoma [also referred to as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)] is dismal despite multimodal therapy. Chemotherapy with temozolomide may suppress tumor growth for a certain period of time (a few months); however, invariable tumor recurrence suggests that glioblastoma initiating cells (GICs) render these tumors persistant. Thus, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of action of GICs as regards their role in the progression of GBM is important as such knowledge will be helpful in the discovery of novel drug targets, as well as in the design of novel therapeutic strategies for more effective treatment of the disease. In this study, we found that tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) was downregulated in temozolomide-resistant U87MG cells (U87MG-res cells) and its restoration sensitized U87MG-res cells to temozolomide. TUSC3 was able to inhibit the formation of GIC phenotypes in the U87MG-res cells. The overexpression of microRNA (miR)‑132 inhibited TUSC3 protein expression in the U87MG cells. However, its overexpression did not degrade TUSC3 mRNA expression in the cells. miR‑132 was upregulated in the U87MG-res cells and its overexpression induced temozolomide resistance and the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes in the U87MG cells. Thus, our data indicate that miR-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting TUSC3 in glioblastoma.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Furnari FB, Fenton T, Bachoo RM, Mukasa A, Stommel JM, Stegh A, Hahn WC, Ligon KL, Louis DN, Brennan C, et al: Malignant astrocytic glioma: Genetics, biology, and paths to treatment. Genes Dev. 21:2683–2710. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Stupp R, Hegi ME, Mason WP, van den Bent MJ, Taphoorn MJ, Janzer RC, Ludwin SK, Allgeier A, Fisher B, Belanger K, et al European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumour and Radiation Oncology Groups; National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group: Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial. Lancet Oncol. 10:459–466. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Wen PY and Kesari S: Malignant gliomas in adults. N Engl J Med. 359:492–507. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Galli R, Binda E, Orfanelli U, Cipelletti B, Gritti A, De Vitis S, Fiocco R, Foroni C, Dimeco F and Vescovi A: Isolation and characterization of tumorigenic, stem-like neural precursors from human glioblastoma. Cancer Res. 64:7011–7021. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Singh SK, Hawkins C, Clarke ID, Squire JA, Bayani J, Hide T, Henkelman RM, Cusimano MD and Dirks PB: Identification of human brain tumour initiating cells. Nature. 432:396–401. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Clarke MF, Dick JE, Dirks PB, Eaves CJ, Jamieson CH, Jones DL, Visvader J, Weissman IL and Wahl GM: Cancer stem cells - perspectives on current status and future directions: AACR Workshop on cancer stem cells. Cancer Res. 66:9339–9344. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Pils D, Horak P, Gleiss A, Sax C, Fabjani G, Moebus VJ, Zielinski C, Reinthaller A, Zeillinger R and Krainer M: Five genes from chromosomal band 8p22 are significantly down-regulated in ovarian carcinoma: N33 and EFA6R have a potential impact on overall survival. Cancer. 104:2417–2429. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Pribill I, Speiser P, Leary J, Leodolter S, Hacker NF, Friedlander ML, Birnbaum D, Zeillinger R and Krainer M: High frequency of allelic imbalance at regions of chromosome arm 8p in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 129:23–29. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Ribeiro IP, Marques F, Caramelo F, Pereira J, Patrício M, Prazeres H, Ferrão J, Julião MJ, Castelo-Branco M, de Melo JB, et al: Genetic gains and losses in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Impact on clinical management. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 37:29–39. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Voeghtly LM, Mamula K, Campbell JL, Shriver CD and Ellsworth RE: Molecular alterations associated with breast cancer mortality. PLoS One. 7:e468142012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Wiklund F, Jonsson BA, Göransson I, Bergh A and Grönberg H: Linkage analysis of prostate cancer susceptibility: Confirmation of linkage at 8p22-23. Hum Genet. 112:414–418. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Fan X, Zhang X, Shen J, Zhao H, Yu X, Chen Y, Zhuang Z, Deng X, Feng H, Wang Y, et al: Decreased TUSC3 promotes pancreatic cancer proliferation, invasion and metastasis. PLoS One. 11:e01490282016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Jiang Z, Guo M, Zhang X, Yao L, Shen J, Ma G, Liu L, Zhao L, Xie C, Liang H, et al: TUSC3 suppresses glioblastoma development by inhibiting Akt signaling. Tumour Biol. 37:12039–12047. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Inui M, Martello G and Piccolo S: MicroRNA control of signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 11:252–263. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Sharma S, Kelly TK and Jones PA: Epigenetics in cancer. Carcinogenesis. 31:27–36. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar :

16 

Schickel R, Boyerinas B, Park SM and Peter ME: MicroRNAs: Key players in the immune system, differentiation, tumorigenesis and cell death. Oncogene. 27:5959–5974. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Esquela-Kerscher A and Slack FJ: Oncomirs - microRNAs with a role in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 6:259–269. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Croce CM and Calin GA: miRNAs, cancer, and stem cell division. Cell. 122:6–7. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Melton C, Judson RL and Blelloch R: Opposing microRNA families regulate self-renewal in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nature. 463:621–626. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Yu F, Yao H, Zhu P, Zhang X, Pan Q, Gong C, Huang Y, Hu X, Su F, Lieberman J, et al: let-7 regulates self renewal and tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells. Cell. 131:1109–1123. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Shimono Y, Zabala M, Cho RW, Lobo N, Dalerba P, Qian D, Diehn M, Liu H, Panula SP, Chiao E, et al: Downregulation of miRNA-200c links breast cancer stem cells with normal stem cells. Cell. 138:592–603. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Qin J, Ke J, Xu J, Wang F, Zhou Y, Jiang Y and Wang Z: Downregulation of microRNA-132 by DNA hypermethylation is associated with cell invasion in colorectal cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 8:3639–3648. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

23 

Li Y, Zu L, Wang Y, Wang M, Chen P and Zhou Q: miR-132 inhibits lung cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting SOX4. J Thorac Dis. 7:1563–1569. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Lei CJ, Li L, Gao X, Zhang J, Pan QY, Long HC, Chen CZ, Ren DF and Zheng G: Hsa-miR-132 inhibits proliferation of hepatic carcinoma cells by targeting YAP. Cell Biochem Funct. 33:326–333. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Parker NR, Correia N, Crossley B, Buckland ME, Howell VM and Wheeler HR: Correlation of MicroRNA 132 upregulation with an unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with primary glioblastoma multiforme treated with radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy. Transl Oncol. 6:742–748. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Markiewicz-Żukowska R, Borawska MH, Fiedorowicz A, Naliwajko SK, Sawicka D and Car H: Propolis changes the anticancer activity of temozolomide in U87MG human glioblastoma cellline 2013. BMC Complement Altern Med. 13:502013. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Li Y, VandenBoom TG II, Kong D, Wang Z, Ali S, Philip PA and Sarkar FH: Upregulation of miR-200 and let-7 by natural agents leads to the reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Res. 69:6704–6712. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Ren ZG, Dong SX, Han P and Qi J: miR-203 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion by degrading SIK1 in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep. 35:1365–1374. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Kohsaka S, Wang L, Yachi K, Mahabir R, Narita T, Itoh T, Tanino M, Kimura T, Nishihara H and Tanaka S: STAT3 inhibition overcomes temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by downregulating MGMT expression. Mol Cancer Ther. 11:1289–1299. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Wang H, Cai S, Bailey BJ, Reza Saadatzadeh M, Ding J, Tonsing-Carter E, Georgiadis TM, Zachary Gunter T, Long EC, Minto RE, et al: Combination therapy in a xenograft model of glioblastoma: Enhancement of the antitumor activity of temozolomide by an MDM2 antagonist. J Neurosurg. 126:446–459. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Brescia P, Ortensi B, Fornasari L, Levi D, Broggi G and Pelicci G: CD133 is essential for glioblastoma stem cell maintenance. Stem Cells. 31:857–869. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

De Bacco F, D'Ambrosio A, Casanova E, Orzan F, Neggia R, Albano R, Verginelli F, Cominelli M, Poliani PL, Luraghi P, et al: MET inhibition overcomes radiation resistance of glioblastoma stem-like cells. EMBO Mol Med. 8:550–568. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Fang X, Huang Z, Zhou W, Wu Q, Sloan AE, Ouyang G, McLendon RE, Yu JS, Rich JN and Bao S: The zinc finger transcription factor ZFX is required for maintaining the tumorigenic potential of glioblastoma stem cells. Stem Cells. 32:2033–2047. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Yoshikawa K, Noguchi K, Nakano Y, Yamamura M, Takaoka K, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T and Kishimoto H: The Hippo pathway transcriptional co-activator, YAP, confers resistance to cisplatin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 46:2364–2370. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Lee RC, Feinbaum RL and Ambros V: The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell. 75:843–854. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Pasquinelli AE, Reinhart BJ, Slack F, Martindale MQ, Kuroda MI, Maller B, Hayward DC, Ball EE, Degnan B, Müller P, et al: Conservation of the sequence and temporal expression of let-7 heterochronic regulatory RNA. Nature. 408:86–89. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Magill ST, Cambronne XA, Luikart BW, Lioy DT, Leighton BH, Westbrook GL, Mandel G and Goodman RH: microRNA-132 regulates dendritic growth and arborization of newborn neurons in the adult hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:20382–20387. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Kawashima H, Numakawa T, Kumamaru E, Adachi N, Mizuno H, Ninomiya M, Kunugi H and Hashido K: Glucocorticoid attenuates brain-derived neurotrophic factor-dependent upregulation of glutamate receptors via the suppression of microRNA-132 expression. Neuroscience. 165:1301–1311. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Shaked I, Meerson A, Wolf Y, Avni R, Greenberg D, Gilboa-Geffen A and Soreq H: MicroRNA-132 potentiates cholinergic anti-inflammatory signaling by targeting acetylcholinesterase. Immunity. 31:965–973. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Yang D, Li T, Wang Y, Tang Y, Cui H, Tang Y, Zhang X, Chen D, Shen N and Le W: miR-132 regulates the differentiation of dopamine neurons by directly targeting Nurr1 expression. J Cell Sci. 125:1673–1682. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Lee ST, Chu K, Im WS, Yoon HJ, Im JY, Park JE, Park KH, Jung KH, Lee SK, Kim M, et al: Altered microRNA regulation in Huntington's disease models. Exp Neurol. 227:172–179. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Miller BH, Zeier Z, Xi L, Lanz TA, Deng S, Strathmann J, Willoughby D, Kenny PJ, Elsworth JD, Lawrence MS, et al: MicroRNA-132 dysregulation in schizophrenia has implications for both neurodevelopment and adult brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 109:3125–3130. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Alieva AKh, Filatova EV, Karabanov AV, Illarioshkin SN, Limborska SA, Shadrina MI and Slominsky PA: miRNA expression is highly sensitive to a drug therapy in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord Jan. 21:72–74. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Diehn M and Clarke MF: Cancer stem cells and radiotherapy: New insights into tumor radioresistance. J Natl Cancer Inst. 98:1755–1757. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Eramo A, Ricci-Vitiani L, Zeuner A, Pallini R, Lotti F, Sette G, Pilozzi E, Larocca LM, Peschle C and De Maria R: Chemotherapy resistance of glioblastoma stem cells. Cell Death Differ. 13:1238–1241. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Gu Y, Wang Q, Guo K, Qin W, Liao W, Wang S, Ding Y and Lin J: TUSC3 promotes colorectal cancer progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through WNT/β-catenin and MAPK signalling. J Pathol. 239:60–71. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Sanai N, Alvarez-Buylla A and Berger MS: Neural stem cells and the origin of gliomas. N Engl J Med. 353:811–822. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Tang H, Zhao J, Zhang L, Zhao J, Zhuang Y and Liang P: SRPX2 enhances the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 36:1067–1076. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Cheng Z, Yin W and Wang Z: MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517. Int J Mol Med 40: 1307-1314, 2017.
APA
Cheng, Z., Yin, W., & Wang, Z. (2017). MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3124
MLA
Cheng, Z., Yin, W., Wang, Z."MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.5 (2017): 1307-1314.
Chicago
Cheng, Z., Yin, W., Wang, Z."MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 5 (2017): 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3124
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Cheng Z, Yin W and Wang Z: MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517. Int J Mol Med 40: 1307-1314, 2017.
APA
Cheng, Z., Yin, W., & Wang, Z. (2017). MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3124
MLA
Cheng, Z., Yin, W., Wang, Z."MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.5 (2017): 1307-1314.
Chicago
Cheng, Z., Yin, W., Wang, Z."MicroRNA-132 induces temozolomide resistance and promotes the formation of cancer stem cell phenotypes by targeting tumor suppressor candidate 3 in glioblastoma Retraction in /10.3892/ijmm.2025.5517". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 5 (2017): 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3124
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team