Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
January-2018 Volume 41 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-2018 Volume 41 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway

  • Authors:
    • Yafei Wang
    • Hong Su
    • Xin Song
    • Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston
    • Jinshun Zhao
    • Yuanliang Gu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China, Department of Prevention and Healthcare, The People's Hospital of Beilun District, Beilun Branch Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 233-241
    |
    Published online on: October 27, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3219
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

With the rapid economic development in recent years, China is facing a great challenge due to heavy metal pollution. The heavy metals may enter the human body through ingestion of aqua products to cause great health risks. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of luteolin on the combined toxicity of multi-heavy metals (including zinc, manganese, lead, copper, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel) were investigated in HL7702 hepatocyte cells. An MTT assay demonstrated that 20 µM luteolin significantly alleviated the multi-heavy metal mixture-induced cell death and morphological changes. Furthermore, 20 µM luteolin significantly inhibited multi-heavy metal mixture-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde content) and caused a decrease in adenosine triphosphate levels in HL7702 cells. A JC-1 staining assay indicated that 20 µM luteolin inhibited the mitochondrial membrane potential-reducing effect of the multi-heavy metal mixture. Apoptotic assays revealed that the multi-heavy metal mixture induced HL7702 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, which was significantly inhibited by 20 µM luteolin. Western blot analysis indicated that addition of luteolin to the multi‑heavy metal mixture significantly alleviated cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the cytosol. In addition, 20 µM luteolin had a significant inhibitory effect on multi-heavy metal mixture-induced cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3 and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase-1 protein. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that addition of luteolin significantly alleviated caspase-3 cleavage induced by the multi-heavy metal mixture. The present results suggested luteolin exerts its inhibitory effects of on multi-heavy metal mixture induced cell apoptosis through downregulation of the ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Liu Z, Zhang Q, Han T, Ding Y, Sun J, Wang F and Zhu C: Heavy metal pollution in a soil-rice system in the Yangtze River Region of China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 13:632015. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Niu Y, Niu Y, Pang Y and Yu H: Assessment of heavy metal pollution in sediments of inflow rivers to Lake Taihu, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 95:618–623. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Pan Y and Li H: Investigating heavy metal pollution in mining brownfield and its policy implications: a case study of the Bayan Obo Rare Earth Mine, Inner Mongolia, China. Environ Manage. 57:879–893. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Yu R, Zhang W, Hu G, Lin C and Yang Q: Heavy metal pollution and Pb isotopic tracing in the intertidal surface sediments of Quanzhou Bay, southeast coast of China. Mar Pollut Bull. 105:416–421. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Zhang L, Liao Q, Shao S, Zhang N, Shen Q and Liu C: Heavy metal pollution, fractionation, and potential ecological risks in sediments from Lake Chaohu (Eastern China) and the surrounding rivers. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 12:14115–14131. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Zhong S, Geng H, Zhang F, Liu Z, Wang T and Song B: Risk assessment and prediction of heavy metal pollution in groundwater and river sediment: a case study of a typical agricultural irrigation area in Northeast China. Int J Anal Chem. 2015:9215392015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Uluturhan E and Kucuksezgin F: Heavy metal contaminants in Red Pandora (Pagellus erythrinus) tissues from the Eastern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Water Res. 41:1185–1192. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhao J, Bowman L, Magaye R, Leonard SS, Castranova V and Ding M: Apoptosis induced by tungsten carbide-cobalt nanoparticles in JB6 cells involves ROS generation through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Int J Oncol. 42:1349–1359. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Zhijie Gao LW, Zheng H and Yao X: Analysis on concentration of heavy metals lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium in seafood in Ningbo in 2012. Zhongguo Shipin Weisheng Zazhi. 26:76–78. 2014.

10 

Lin X, Gu Y, Zhou Q, Mao G, Zou B and Zhao J: Combined toxicity of heavy metal mixtures in liver cells. J Appl Toxicol. 36:1163–1172. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Verma R, Xu X, Jaiswal MK, Olsen C, Mears D, Caretti G and Galdzicki Z: In vitro profiling of epigenetic modifications underlying heavy metal toxicity of tungsten-alloy and its components. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 253:178–187. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Lou J, Jin L, Wu N, Tan Y, Song Y, Gao M, Liu K, Zhang X and He J: DNA damage and oxidative stress in human B lymphoblastoid cells after combined exposure to hexavalent chromium and nickel compounds. Food Chem Toxicol. 55:533–540. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Stephenson AP, Schneider JA, Nelson BC, Atha DH, Jain A, Soliman KF, Aschner M, Mazzio E and Renee Reams R: Manganese-induced oxidative DNA damage in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells: attenuation of thymine base lesions by glutathione and N-acetylcysteine. Toxicol Lett. 218:299–307. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Lankoff A, Banasik A, Duma A, Ochniak E, Lisowska H, Kuszewski T, Góźdź S and Wojcik A: A comet assay study reveals that aluminium induces DNA damage and inhibits the repair of radiation-induced lesions in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Toxicol Lett. 161:27–36. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Bal W and Kasprzak KS: Induction of oxidative DNA damage by carcinogenic metals. Toxicol Lett. 127:55–62. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kim JK, Kang KA, Ryu YS, Piao MJ, Han X, Oh MC, Boo SJ, Jeong SU, Jeong YJ, Chae S, et al: Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress via reactive oxygen species mediated by luteolin in melanoma cells. Anticancer Res. 36:2281–2289. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Kanai K, Nagata S, Hatta T, Sugiura Y, Sato K, Yamashita Y, Kimura Y and Itoh N: Therapeutic anti-inflammatory effects of luteolin on endotoxin-induced uveitis in Lewis rats. J Vet Med Sc. 78:1381–1384. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Fan W, Qian S, Qian P and Li X: Antiviral activity of luteolin against Japanese encephalitis virus. Virus Res. 220:112–116. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Majumdar D, Jung KH, Zhang H, Nannapaneni S, Wang X, Amin AR, Chen Z, Chen ZG and Shin DM: Luteolin nanoparticle in chemoprevention: in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 7:65–73. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Kure A, Nakagawa K, Kondo M, Kato S, Kimura F, Watanabe A, Shoji N, Hatanaka S, Tsushida T and Miyazawa T: Metabolic fate of luteolin in rats: its relationship to anti-inflammatory effect. J Agric Food Chem. 64:4246–4254. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Francisco V, Figueirinha A, Costa G, Liberal J, Ferreira I, Lopes MC, García-Rodríguez C, Cruz MT and Batista MT: The flavone luteolin inhibits liver X receptor activation. J Nat Prod. 79:1423–1428. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zhou F, Qu L, Lv K, Chen H, Liu J, Liu X, Li Y and Sun X: Luteolin protects against reactive oxygen species-mediated cell death induced by zinc toxicity via the PI3K-Akt-NF-κB-ERK-dependent pathway. J Neurosci Res. 89:1859–1868. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Liu R, Meng F, Zhang L, Liu A, Qin H, Lan X, Li L and Du G: Luteolin isolated from the medicinal plant Elsholtzia rugulosa (Labiatae) prevents copper-mediated toxicity in β-amyloid precursor protein Swedish mutation overexpressing SH-SY5Y cells. Molecules. 16:2084–2096. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Choi EM: Luteolin protects osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells from antimycin A-induced cytotoxicity through the improved mitochondrial function and activation of PI3K/Akt/CREB. Toxicol In Vitro. 25:1671–1679. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Hossain S, Bhowmick S, Jahan S, Rozario L, Sarkar M, Islam S, Basunia MA, Rahman A, Choudhury BK and Shahjalal H: Maternal lead exposure decreases the levels of brain development and cognition-related proteins with concomitant upsurges of oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis in the offspring rats. Neurotoxicology. 56:150–158. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Karimi R, Vacchi-Suzzi C and Meliker JR: Mercury exposure and a shift toward oxidative stress in avid seafood consumers. Environ Res. 146:100–107. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Bagchi D, Bagchi M and Stohs SJ: Chromium (VI)-induced oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death and modulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene. Mol Cell Biochem. 222:149–158. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Iakimova ET, Woltering EJ, Kapchina-Toteva VM, Harren FJ and Cristescu SM: Cadmium toxicity in cultured tomato cells - role of ethylene, proteases and oxidative stress in cell death signaling. Cell Biol Int. 32:1521–1529. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Roth JA and Eichhorn M: Down-regulation of LRRK2 in control and DAT transfected HEK cells increases manganese-induced oxidative stress and cell toxicity. Neurotoxicology. 37:100–107. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Schmid M, Zimmermann S, Krug HF and Sures B: Influence of platinum, palladium and rhodium as compared with cadmium, nickel and chromium on cell viability and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Int. 33:385–390. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Lin XL, Gu YL, Zhou Q, Mao GC, Ma DJ, Zhao JS and Zou BB: Study: Joint toxicity of heavy metal mixtures related to proportions of fish consumption. J Ningbo Univ (NSEE). 29:22–27. 2016.In Chinese.

32 

Guillouzo A, Corlu A, Aninat C, Glaise D, Morel F and Guguen-Guillouzo C: The human hepatoma HepaRG cells: a highly differentiated model for studies of liver metabolism and toxicity of xenobiotics. Chem Biol Interact. 168:66–73. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Gu Y, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Bowman L, Mao G, Zou B, Xu J, Liu Y, Liu K, Zhao J, et al: Inhibition of nickel nanoparticles-induced toxicity by epigallocatechin-3-gallate in JB6 cells may be through down-regulation of the MAPK signaling pathways. PLoS One. 11:e01509542016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Asif M, Shafaei A, Jafari SF, Mohamed SK, Ezzat MO, Abdul Majid AS, Oon CE, Petersen SH, Kono K and Abdul Majid AM: Isoledene from Mesua ferrea oleo-gum resin induces apoptosis in HCT 116 cells through ROS-mediated modulation of multiple proteins in the apoptotic pathways: a mechanistic study. Toxicol Lett. 257:84–96. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Zhang L, Wang H, Xu J, Zhu J and Ding K: Inhibition of cathepsin S induces autophagy and apoptosis in human glioblastoma cell lines through ROS-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K and JNK signaling pathways. Toxicol Lett. 228:248–259. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Hosseini A, Sharifi AM, Abdollahi M, Najafi R, Baeeri M, Rayegan S, Cheshmehnour J, Hassani S, Bayrami Z and Safa M: Cerium and yttrium oxide nanoparticles against lead-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat hippocampus. Biol Trace Elem Res. 164:80–89. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Verma K, Mehta SK and Shekhawat GS: Nitric oxide (NO) counteracts cadmium induced cytotoxic processes mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Brassica juncea: cross-talk between ROS, NO and antioxidant responses. Biometals. 26:255–269. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Dutta RK, Nenavathu BP, Gangishetty MK and Reddy AV: Studies on antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles by ROS induced lipid peroxidation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 94:143–150. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Mathy-Hartert M, Hogge L, Sanchez C, Deby-Dupont G, Crielaard JM and Henrotin Y: Interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 disturb the antioxidant enzyme system in bovine chondrocytes: a possible explanation for oxidative stress generation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 16:756–763. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Akkerman JW, Rijksen G, Gorter G and Staal GE: Platelet functions and energy metabolism in a patient with hexokinase deficiency. Blood. 63:147–153. 1984.PubMed/NCBI

41 

Chinopoulos C, Tretter L and Adam-Vizi V: Depolarization of in situ mitochondria due to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in nerve terminals: inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. J Neurochem. 73:220–228. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Tretter L, Chinopoulos C and Adam-Vizi V: Enhanced depolarization-evoked calcium signal and reduced [ATP]/[ADP] ratio are unrelated events induced by oxidative stress in synaptosomes. J Neurochem. 69:2529–2537. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Kerr JF, Wyllie AH and Currie AR: Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer. 26:239–257. 1972. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Bennett M, Macdonald K, Chan SW, Luzio JP, Simari R and Weissberg P: Cell surface trafficking of Fas: a rapid mechanism of p53-mediated apoptosis. Science. 282:290–293. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Cory S and Adams JM: The Bcl2 family: regulators of the cellular life-or-death switch. Nat Rev Cancer. 2:647–656. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Enari M, Sakahira H, Yokoyama H, Okawa K, Iwamatsu A and Nagata S: A caspase-activated DNase that degrades DNA during apoptosis, and its inhibitor ICAD. Nature. 391:43–50. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Egger L, Madden DT, Rhême C, Rao RV and Bredesen DE: Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death mediated by the proteasome. Cell Death Differ. 14:1172–1180. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Eskes R, Desagher S, Antonsson B and Martinou JC: Bid induces the oligomerization and insertion of Bax into the outer mitochondrial membrane. Mol Cell Biol. 20:929–935. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Meichner K, Fogle JE, English L and Suter SE: Expression of apoptosis-regulating proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in lymph node aspirates from dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 30:819–826. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Marsden VS, O'Connor L, O'Reilly LA, Silke J, Metcalf D, Ekert PG, Huang DC, Cecconi F, Kuida K, Tomaselli KJ, et al: Apoptosis initiated by Bcl-2-regulated caspase activation independently of the cytochrome c/Apaf-1/caspase-9 apoptosome. Nature. 419:634–637. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang Y, Su H, Song X, Fiati Kenston SS, Zhao J and Gu Y: Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway. Int J Mol Med 41: 233-241, 2018.
APA
Wang, Y., Su, H., Song, X., Fiati Kenston, S.S., Zhao, J., & Gu, Y. (2018). Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 233-241. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3219
MLA
Wang, Y., Su, H., Song, X., Fiati Kenston, S. S., Zhao, J., Gu, Y."Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.1 (2018): 233-241.
Chicago
Wang, Y., Su, H., Song, X., Fiati Kenston, S. S., Zhao, J., Gu, Y."Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 1 (2018): 233-241. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3219
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang Y, Su H, Song X, Fiati Kenston SS, Zhao J and Gu Y: Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway. Int J Mol Med 41: 233-241, 2018.
APA
Wang, Y., Su, H., Song, X., Fiati Kenston, S.S., Zhao, J., & Gu, Y. (2018). Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 233-241. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3219
MLA
Wang, Y., Su, H., Song, X., Fiati Kenston, S. S., Zhao, J., Gu, Y."Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.1 (2018): 233-241.
Chicago
Wang, Y., Su, H., Song, X., Fiati Kenston, S. S., Zhao, J., Gu, Y."Luteolin inhibits multi-heavy metal mixture-induced HL7702 cell apoptosis through downregulation of ROS-activated mitochondrial pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 1 (2018): 233-241. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3219
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team