Chlorogenic acid attenuates hydrogen peroxide‑induced oxidative stress in lens epithelial cells

Song,Jike; Guo,Dadong; Bi,Hongsheng

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2017.3302

Chlorogenic acid attenuates hydrogen peroxide‑induced oxidative stress in lens epithelial cells

Authors:
- Jike Song
- Dadong Guo
- Hongsheng Bi
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Affiliations: Medical College of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250002, P.R. China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250002, P.R. China
Published online on: December 1, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3302
Pages: 765-772
Copyright: © Song et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Oxidative stress has an important role in the degradation, oxidation, cross‑linking and aggregation of lens proteins, and can trigger lens epithelial cell apoptosis. To investigate the protective effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑induced oxidative stress, human lens epithelial cells (hLECs) were exposed to various concentrations of H2O2 in the presence and absence of CGA. Using MTT assay, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and ELISA techniques, cell viability, and protein/mRNA levels of BCL2 apoptosis regulator (Bcl‑2) and BCL2 associated X apoptosis regulator (Bax) were investigated. Additionally, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis within cells were measured using flow cytometry to determine the protective effect of CGA on H2O2‑induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the protective effect of CGA on H2O2‑induced apoptosis was also examined using rabbit lenses ex vivo. The results indicated that CGA reduced H2O2‑induced cytotoxicity in a dose‑dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that simultaneous exposure of hLECs to H2O2 and CGA significantly decreased apoptosis and the levels of ROS. RT‑qPCR analysis revealed a decrease in Bcl‑2 and an increase in Bax in hLECs following exposure to H2O2 for 24 h, regardless of CGA presence. Furthermore, ELISA results indicate that CGA increased Bcl‑2 expression and decreased Bax expression following treatment with H2O2 for 24 h and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly decreased by CGA treatment. Lens organ culture experiments indicated a dose‑dependent decrease in H2O2‑induced lens opacity following CGA treatment. These results suggest that CGA suppresses hLECs apoptosis and prevents lens opacity induced by H2O2 via Bax/Bcl‑2 signaling pathway. CGA may provide effective defenses against oxidative stress and, thus, haσ potential as treatment for a variety of diseases in clinical practice.

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