Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
February-2018 Volume 41 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
February-2018 Volume 41 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Rui Dong
    • Min Zhang
    • Qunying Hu
    • Shan Zheng
    • Andrew Soh
    • Yijie Zheng
    • Hui Yuan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatric Hepatobiliary Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China, Medical College, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China, Medical Scientific Affairs, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Laboratories, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Dong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 599-614
    |
    Published online on: December 5, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3311
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Galectin-3 is a member of the galectin family, which are β‑galactoside‑binding lectins with ≥1 evolutionary conserved carbohydrate‑recognition domain. It binds proteins in a carbohydrate‑dependent and ‑independent manner. Galectin‑3 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm; however, it shuttles into the nucleus and is secreted onto the cell surface and into biological fluids including serum and urine. It serves important functions in numerous biological activities including cell growth, apoptosis, pre‑mRNA splicing, differentiation, transformation, angiogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis and host defense. Numerous previous studies have indicated that galectin‑3 may be used as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for certain types of heart disease, kidney disease and cancer. With emerging evidence to support the function and application of galectin‑3, the current review aims to summarize the latest literature regarding the biomarker characteristics and potential therapeutic application of galectin‑3 in associated diseases.
View Figures

Figure 1

View References

1 

Argüeso P and Panjwani N: Focus on molecules: Galectin-3. Exp Eye Res. 92:2–3. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

2 

Saccon F, Gatto M, Ghirardello A, Iaccarino L, Punzi L and Doria A: Role of galectin-3 in autoimmune and non-autoimmune nephropathies. Autoimmun Rev. 16:34–47. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Newlaczyl AU and Yu LG: Galectin-3-a jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Cancer Lett. 313:123–128. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Gong HC, Honjo Y, Nangia-Makker P, Hogan V, Mazurak N, Bresalier RS and Raz A: The NH2 terminus of galectin-3 governs cellular compartmentalization and functions in cancer cells. Cancer Res. 59:6239–6245. 1999.

5 

Menon RP and Hughes RC: Determinants in the N-terminal domains of galectin-3 for secretion by a novel pathway circumventing the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex. Eur J Biochem. 264:569–576. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

de Oliveira FL, Gatto M, Bassi N, Luisetto R, Ghirardello A, Punzi L and Doria A: Galectin-3 in autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 240:1019–1028. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Pugliese G, Iacobini C, Ricci C, Blasetti Fantauzzi C and Menini S: Galectin-3 in diabetic patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 52:1413–1423. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Dumic J, Dabelic S and Flögel M: Galectin-3: An open-ended story. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1760:616–635. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Colnot C, Fowlis D, Ripoche MA, Bouchaert I and Poirier F: Embryonic implantation in galectin 1/galectin 3 double mutant mice. Dev Dyn. 211:306–313. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Kim SJ, Lee HW, Gu Kang H, La SH, Choi IJ, Ro JY, Bresalier RS, Song J and Chun KH: Ablation of galectin-3 induces 27 (KIP1)-dependent premature senescence without oncogenic stress. Cell Death Differ. 21:1769–1779. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Chen SC and Kuo PL: The role of galectin-3 in the kidneys. Int J Mol Sci. 17:5652016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Ruvolo PP: Galectin 3 as a guardian of the tumor microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1863:427–437. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Meijers WC, Lopez-Andrés N and de Boer RA: Galectin-3, cardiac function, and fibrosis. Am J Pathol. 186:2232–2234. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Hu Y, Yéléhé-Okouma M, Ea HK, Jouzeau JY and Reboul P: Galectin-3: A key player in arthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 84:15–20. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Meijers WC, van der Velde AR, Pascual-Figal DA and de Boer RA: Galectin-3 and post-myocardial infarction cardiac remodeling. Eur J Pharmacol. 763:115–121. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Lala RI, Puschita M, Darabantiu D and Pilat L: Galectin-3 in heart failure pathology-'another brick in the wall'. Acta Cardiol. 70:323–331. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Funasaka T, Raz A and Nangia-Makker P: Galectin-3 in angiogenesis and metastasis. Glycobiology. 24:886–891. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Shin T: The pleiotropic effects of galectin-3 in neuroinflammation: A review. Acta Histochem. 115:407–411. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Meeusen JW, Johnson JN, Gray A, Wendt P, Jefferies JL, Jaffe AS, Donato LJ and Saenger AK: Soluble ST2 and galectin-3 in pediatric patients without heart failure. Clin Biochem. 48:1337–1340. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Schindler EI, Szymanski JJ, Hock KG, Geltman EM and Scott MG: Short- and long-term biologic variability of galectin-3 and other cardiac biomarkers in patients with Stable heart failure and healthy adults. Clin Chem. 62:360–366. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Issa SF, Christensen AF, Lottenburger T, Junker K, Lindegaard H, Hørslev-Petersen K and Junker P: Within-day variation and influence of physical exercise on circulating Galectin-3 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals. Scand J Immunol. 82:70–75. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Chen A, Hou W, Zhang Y, Chen Y and He B: Prognostic value of serum galectin-3 in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 182:168–170. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Srivatsan V, George M and Shanmugam E: Utility of galectin-3 as a prognostic biomarker in heart failure: Where do we stand. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 22:1096–1110. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Medvedeva EA, Berezin II, Surkova EA, Yaranov DM and Shchukin YV: Galectin-3 in patients with chronic heart failure: Association with oxidative stress, inflammation, renal dysfunction and prognosis. Minerva Cardioangiol. 64:595–602. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Yu X, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Yang Z, Gao Y, Cai H, Li Y, Wang Q, Bian B and Nie J: Prognostic value of plasma galectin-3 levels in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure. Int Heart J. 56:314–318. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Coromilas E, Que-Xu EC, Moore D, Kato TS, Wu C, Ji R, Givens R, Jorde UP, Takayama H, Naka Y, et al: Dynamics and prognostic role of galectin-3 in patients with advanced heart failure, during left ventricular assist device support and following heart transplantation. BM. Cardiovasc Disord. 16:1382016. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Meijers WC, Januzzi JL, deFilippi C, Adourian AS, Shah SJ, van Veldhuisen DJ and de Boer RA: Elevated plasma galectin-3 is associated with near-term rehospitalization in heart failure: A pooled analysis of 3 clinical trials. Am Heart J. 167:853–860.e4. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Kortekaas KA, Hoogslag GE, de Boer RA, Dokter MM, Versteegh MI, Braun J, Marsan NA, Verwey HF, Delgado V, Schalij MJ and Klautz RJ: Galectin-3 and left ventricular reverse remodelling after surgical mitral valve repair. Eur J Heart Fail. 15:1011–1018. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Motiwala SR, Szymonifka J, Belcher A, Weiner RB, Baggish AL, Sluss P, Gaggin HK, Bhardwaj A and Januzzi JL: Serial measurement of galectin-3 in patients with chronic heart failure: Results from the ProBNP outpatient tailored chronic heart failure therapy (PROTECT) study. Eur J Heart Fail. 15:1157–1163. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Koukoui F, Desmoulin F, Galinier M, Barutaut M, Caubère C, Evaristi MF, Murat G, De Boer R, Berry M, Smih F and Rouet P: The prognostic value of plasma galectin-3 in chronic heart failure patients is maintained when treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. PLoS One. 10:e01191602015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Edelmann F, Holzendorf V, Wachter R, Nolte K, Schmidt AG, Kraigher-Krainer E, Duvinage A, Unkelbach I, Düngen HD, Tschöpe C, et al: Galectin-3 in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Results from the Aldo-DHF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 17:214–223. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Teixeira A, Arrigo M, Vergaro G, Cohen-Solal A and Mebazaa A: Clinical benefits of natriuretic peptides and galectin-3 are maintained in old dyspnoeic patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 68:33–38. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

McEvoy JW, Chen Y, Halushka MK, Christenson E, Ballantyne CM, Blumenthal RS, Christenson RH and Selvin E: Galectin-3 and risk of heart failure and death in blacks and whites. J Am Heart Assoc. 5(pii): e0030792016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Anand IS, Rector TS, Kuskowski M, Adourian A, Muntendam P and Cohn JN: Baseline and serial measurements of galectin-3 in patients with heart failure: Relationship to prognosis and effect of treatment with valsartan in the Val-HeFT. Eur J Heart Fail. 15:511–518. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

van der Velde AR, Gullestad L, Ueland T, Aukrust P, Guo Y, Adourian A, Muntendam P, van Veldhuisen DJ and de Boer RA: Prognostic value of changes in galectin-3 levels over time in patients with heart failure: Data from CORONA and COACH. Circ Heart Fail. 6:219–226. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Piper SE, de Courcey J, Sherwood RA, Amin-Youssef GF and McDonagh TA: Serial galectin-3 for the monitoring of optimally treated stable chronic heart failure: A pilot study. Int J Cardiol. 207:279–281. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Miller WL, Saenger AK, Grill DE, Slusser JP, Bayes-Genis A and Jaffe AS: Prognostic value of serial measurements of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and Galectin-3 in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail. 22:249–255. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Lala RI, Darabantiu D, Pilat L and Puschita M: Galectin-3: A link between myocardial and arterial stiffening in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Arq Bras Cardiol. 106:121–129. 2016.In English, Portuguese. PubMed/NCBI

39 

Beltrami M, Ruocco G, Dastidar AG, Franci B, Lucani B, Aloia E, Nuti R and Palazzuoli A: Additional value of Galectin-3 to BNP in acute heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction. Clin Chim Acta. 457:99–105. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Atabakhshian R, Kazerouni F, Raygan F, Amirrasouli H, Rahimipour A and Shakeri N: Assessment of the relationship between galectin-3 and ejection fraction and functional capacity in the patients with compensated systolic heart failure. Int Cardiovasc Res J. 8:143–147. 2014.

41 

Carrasco-Sánchez FJ, Aramburu-Bodas O, Salamanca-Bautista P, Morales-Rull JL, Galisteo-Almeda L, Páez-Rubio MI, Arias-Jiménez JL, Aguayo-Canela M and Pérez-Calvo JI: Predictive value of serum galectin-3 levels in patients with acute heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol. 169:177–182. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Stoltze Gaborit F, Bosselmann H, Kistorp C, Iversen K, Kumler T, Gustafsson F, Goetze JP, Sölétormos G, Tønder N and Schou M: Galectin 3: Association to neurohumoral activity, echocardiographic parameters and renal function in outpatients with heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 16:1172016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Iacoviello M, Aspromonte N, Leone M, Paradies V, Antoncecchi V, Valle R, Caldarola P, Ciccone MM, Gesualdo L and Serio FD: Galectin-3 Serum levels are independently associated with microalbuminuria in chronic heart failure outpatients. Res Cardiovasc Med. 5:e289522015. View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Zhang R, Zhang Y, An T, Guo X, Yin S, Wang Y, Januzzi JL, Cappola TP and Zhang J: Prognostic value of sST2 and galectin-3 for death relative to renal function in patients hospitalized for heart failure. Biomark Med. 9:433–441. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

AbouEzzeddine OF, Haines P, Stevens S, Nativi-Nicolau J, Felker GM, Borlaug BA, Chen HH, Tracy RP, Braunwald E and Redfield MM: Galectin-3 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. A RELAX trial substudy (Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition to improve clinical status and exercise capacity in diastolic heart failure). JACC Heart Fail. 3:245–252. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Zamora E, Lupón J, de Antonio M, Galán A, Domingo M, Urrutia A, Troya M and Bayes-Genis A: Renal function largely influences Galectin-3 prognostic value in heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 177:171–177. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

French B, Wang L, Ky B, Brandimarto J, Basuray A, Fang JC, Sweitzer NK and Cappola TP: Prognostic value of galectin-3 for adverse outcomes in chronic heart failure. J Card Fail. 22:256–262. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar :

48 

Yin QS, Shi B, Dong L and Bi L: Comparative study of galectin-3 and B-type natriuretic peptide as biomarkers for the diagnosis of heart failure. J Geriatr Cardiol. 11:79–82. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

49 

Chen K, Jiang RJ, Wang CQ, Yin ZF, Fan YQ, Cao JT, Han ZH, Wang Y and Song DQ: Predictive value of plasma galectin-3 in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 17:1005–1011. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

50 

Gruson D, Ferracin B, Ahn SA and Rousseau MF: Comparison of fibroblast growth factor 23, soluble ST2 and Galectin-3 for prognostication of cardiovascular death in heart failure patients. Int J Cardiol. 189:185–187. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Chang YY, Chen A, Wu XM, Hsu TP, Liu LY, Chen YH, Wu YW, Lin HJ, Hsu RB, Lee CM, et al: Comparison the prognostic value of galectin-3 and serum markers of cardiac extracellular matrix turnover in patients with chronic systolic heart failure. Int J Med Sci. 11:1098–1106. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Bayes-Genis A, de Antonio M, Vila J, Peñafiel J, Galán A, Barallat J, Zamora E, Urrutia A and Lupón J: Head-to-head comparison of 2 myocardial fibrosis biomarkers for long-term heart failure risk stratification: ST2 versus galectin-3. J Am Coll Cardiol. 63:158–166. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Wu AH, Wians F and Jaffe A: Biological variation of galectin-3 and soluble ST2 for chronic heart failure: Implication on interpretation of test results. Am Heart J. 165:995–999. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Feola M, Testa M, Leto L, Cardone M, Sola M and Rosso GL: Role of galectin-3 and plasma B type-natriuretic peptide in predicting prognosis in discharged chronic heart failure patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 95:e40142016. View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Zhang Y, Zhang R, An T, Huang Y, Guo X, Yin S, Wang Y, Ji S, Lv R, Zhang J and Maisel A: The utility of galectin-3 for predicting cause-specific death in hospitalized patients with heart failure. J Card Fail. 21:51–59. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Wang CH, Yang I, Liu MH, Hsu KH and Kuo LT: Estimating systemic fibrosis by combining galectin-3 and ST2 provides powerful risk stratification value for patients after acute decompensated heart failure. Cardiol J. 23:563–572. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

57 

Zhang X, Wan Y, Chata R, Brazzale A, Atherton JJ, Kostner K, Dimeski G and Punyadeera C: A pilot study to demonstrate diagnostic potential of galectin-3 levels in saliva. J Clin Pathol. 69:1100–1104. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Polat V, Bozcali E, Uygun T, Opan S and Karakaya O: Diagnostic significance of serum galectin-3 levels in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Acta Cardiol. 71:191–197. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Zhou K, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Tan C, Yuan Z, Li J, Liao X, Gu L and Zhou X: The relationship between Galectin-3 and different patterns of ventricular geometry remodelling in aortic valve stenosis. Heart Lung Circ. 25:371–377. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

60 

Sadaba JR, Martinez-Martinez E, Arrieta V, Álvarez V, Fernández-Celis A, Ibarrola J, Melero A, Rossignol P, Cachofeiro V and López-Andrés N: Role for Galectin-3 in calcific aortic valve stenosis. J Am Heart Assoc. 5:pp. e0043602016, View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Arangalage D, Nguyen V, Robert T, Melissopoulou M, Mathieu T, Estellat C, Codogno I, Huart V, Duval X, Cimadevilla C, et al: Determinants and prognostic value of Galectin-3 in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Heart. 102:862–868. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Maiolino G, Rossitto G, Pedon L, Cesari M, Frigo AC, Azzolini M, Plebani M and Rossi GP: Galectin-3 predicts long-term cardiovascular death in high-risk patients with coronary artery disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 35:725–732. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63 

Tuñón J, Blanco-Colio L, Cristóbal C, Tarín N, Higueras J, Huelmos A, Alonso J, Egido J, Asensio D, Lorenzo Ó, et al: Usefulness of a combination of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, galectin-3, and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide to predict cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 113:434–440. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Jansen H, Koenig W, Jaensch A, Mons U, Breitling LP, Scharnagl H, Stojakovic T, Schunkert H, Brenner H and Rothenbacher D: Prognostic Utility of Galectin-3 for recurrent cardiovascular events during Long-term follow-up in patients with stable coronary heart disease: Results of the KAROLA study. Clin Chem. 62:1372–1379. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65 

Aksan G, Gedikli Ö, Keskin K, Nar G, İnci S, Yıldız SS, Kaplan Ö, Soylu K, Kılıçkesmez KO and Şahin M: Is galectin-3 a biomarker, a player-or both-in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis. J Investig Med. 64:764–770. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66 

Lepojarvi ES, Piira OP, Pääkkö E, Lammentausta E, Risteli J, Miettinen JA, Perkiömäki JS, Huikuri HV and Junttila MJ: Serum PINP, PIIINP, galectin-3, and ST2 as surrogates of myocardial fibrosis and echocardiographic left venticular diastolic filling properties. Front Physiol. 6:2002015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Gucuk Ipek E, Akin Suljevic S, Kafes H, Basyigit F, Karalok N, Guray Y, Dinc Asarcikli L, Acar B and Demirel H: Evaluation of galectin-3 levels in acute coronary syndrome. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 65:26–30. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

68 

George M, Shanmugam E, Srivatsan V, Vasanth K, Ramraj B, Rajaram M, Jena A, Sridhar A, Chaudhury M and Kaliappan I: Value of pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 in acute coronary syndrome: A short-term prospective cohort study. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 9:275–284. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Di Tano G, Caretta G, De Maria R, Parolini M, Bassi L, Testa S and Pirelli S: Galectin-3 predicts left ventricular remodelling after anterior-wall myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart. 103:71–77. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

70 

Szadkowska I, Wlazeł RN, Migała M, Szadkowski K, Zielińska M, Paradowski M and Pawlicki L: The association between galectin-3 and clinical parameters in patients with first acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Cardiol J. 20:577–582. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Tsai TH, Sung PH, Chang LT, Sun CK, Yeh KH, Chung SY, Chua S, Chen YL, Wu CJ, Chang HW, et al: Value and level of galectin-3 in acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. J Atheroscler Thromb. 19:1073–1082. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Szadkowska I, Wlazel RN, Migala M, Bajon-Laskowska K, Szadkowski K, Zielińska M, Paradowski M and Pawlicki L: The association between galectin-3 and occurrence of reinfarction early after first myocardial infarction treated invasively. Biomarkers. 18:655–659. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

73 

Perea RJ, Morales-Ruiz M, Ortiz-Perez JT, Bosch X, Andreu D, Borras R, Acosta J, Penela D, Prat-González S, de Caralt TM, et al: Utility of galectin-3 in predicting post-infarct remodeling after acute myocardial infarction based on extracellular volume fraction mapping. Int J Cardiol. 223:458–464. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

74 

van der Velde AR, Lexis CP, Meijers WC, van der Horst IC, Lipsic E, Dokter MM, van Veldhuisen DJ, van der Harst P and de Boer RA: Galectin-3 and sST2 in prediction of left ventricular ejection fraction after myocardial infarction. Clin Chim Acta. 452:50–57. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

75 

Milner TD, Viner AC, MacKinnon AC, Sethi T and Flapan AD: Temporal expression of galectin-3 following myocardial infarction. Acta Cardiol. 69:595–602. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

76 

Alturfan AA, Basar I, Emekli-Alturfan E, Ayan F, Koldas L and Emekli N: Galectin-3 and plasma cytokines in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Lab Med. 45:336–341. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77 

Singsaas EG, Manhenke CA, Dickstein K and Orn S: Circulating Galectin-3 levels are increased in patients with ischemic heart disease, but are not influenced by acute myocardial infarction. Cardiology. 134:398–405. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

78 

Weir RA, Petrie CJ, Murphy CA, Clements S, Steedman T, Miller AM, McInnes IB, Squire IB, Ng LL, Dargie HJ and McMurray JJ: Galectin-3 and cardiac function in survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Circ Heart Fail. 6:492–498. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

79 

Takemoto Y, Ramirez RJ, Yokokawa M, Kaur K, Ponce-Balbuena D, Sinno MC, Willis BC, Ghanbari H, Ennis SR, Guerrero-Serna G, et al: Galectin-3 regulates atrial fibrillation remodeling and predicts catheter ablation outcomes. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 1:143–154. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80 

Gurses KM, Yalcin MU, Kocyigit D, Canpinar H, Evranos B, Yorgun H, Sahiner ML, Kaya EB, Ozer N, Tokgozoglu L, et al: Effects of persistent atrial fibrillation on serum galectin-3 levels. Am J Cardiol. 115:647–651. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

81 

Clementy N, Benhenda N, Piver E, Pierre B, Bernard A, Fauchier L, Pages JC and Babuty D: Serum galectin-3 levels predict recurrences after ablation of atrial fibrillation. Sci Rep. 6:343572016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

82 

Li Wu XY, Wen SN, Nie SN, Deng JG, Bai WN, Liu R, Tang N, Zhang RB, Du TX, et al: Plasma galectin-3 predicts clinical outcomes after catheter ablation in persistent atrial fibrillation patients without structural heart disease. Europace. 17:1541–1547. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

83 

Chen D, Procter N, Goh V, Liu S, Chua SJ, Assadi-Khansari B, Stewart S, Horowitz JD, Sverdlov AL and Ngo DT: New onset atrial fibrillation is associated with elevated galectin-3 levels. Int J Cardiol. 223:48–49. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

84 

Yalcin MU, Gurses KM, Kocyigit D, Canpinar H, Canpolat U, Evranos B, Yorgun H, Sahiner ML, Kaya EB, Hazirolan T, et al: The association of serum galectin-3 levels with atrial electrical and structural remodeling. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 26:635–640. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

85 

Kornej J, Schmidl J, Ueberham L, John S, Daneschnejad S, Dinov B, Hindricks G, Adams V, Husser D and Bollmann A: Galectin-3 in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation. PLoS One. 10:pp. e01235742015, View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

86 

Yao Y, Shen D, Chen R, Ying C, Wang C, Guo J and Zhang G: Galectin-3 predicts left ventricular remodeling of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich. 18:506–511. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

87 

Pusuroglu H, Akgul O, Erturk M, Bolat I, Tasbulak O, Ornek V, Gul M, Ozyilmaz SO, Yildirim HA, Kokturk U, et al: Assessment of relationship between galectin-3 and ambulatory ECG-based microvolt T-wave alternans in sustained systolic-diastolic hypertension patients. Blood Press Monit. 21:265–270. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

88 

Calvier L, Legchenko E, Grimm L, Sallmon H, Hatch A, Plouffe BD, Schroeder C, Bauersachs J, Murthy SK and Hansmann G: Galectin-3 and aldosterone as potential tandem biomarkers in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heart. 102:390–396. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

89 

Agoston-Coldea L, Lupu S, Petrovai D, Mocan T and Mousseaux E: Correlations between echocardiographic parameters of right ventricular dysfunction and Galectin-3 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension. Med Ultrason. 17:487–495. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

90 

Yakar Tülüce S, Tülüce K, Cil Z, Emren SV, Akyildiz ZI and Ergene O: Galectin-3 levels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its relationship with left ventricular mass index and function. Anatol J Cardiol. 16:344–348. 2016.

91 

Vergaro G, Del Franco A, Giannoni A, Prontera C, Ripoli A, Barison A, Masci PG, Aquaro GD, Cohen Solal A, Padeletti L, et al: Galectin-3 and myocardial fibrosis in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol. 184:96–100. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

92 

Franeková J, Hošková L, Sečník P Jr, Pazderník M, Kotrbatá M, Kubíček Z and Jabor A: The role of timely measurement of galectin-3, NT-proBNP, cystatin C and hsTnT in predicting prognosis and heart function after heart transplantation. Clin Chem Lab Med. 54:339–344. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

93 

Franeková J, Kubíček Z, Hošková L, Kotrbatá M, Sečník P, Kautzner J and Jabor A: Long-term biological variability of galectin-3 after heart transplantation. Clin Chem Lab Med. 53:119–123. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

94 

Grupper A, Nativi-Nicolau J, Maleszewski JJ, Geske JR, Kremers WK, Edwards BS, Kushwaha SS and Pereira L: Circulating galectin-3 levels are persistently elevated after heart transplantation and are associated with renal dysfunction. JACC Heart Fail. 4:847–856. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

95 

Casanegra AI, Stoner JA, Tafur AJ, Pereira HA, Rathbun SW and Gardner AW: Differences in galectin-3, a biomarker of fibrosis, between participants with peripheral artery disease and participants with normal ankle-brachial index. Vasc Med. 21:437–444. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

96 

Yan XJ, Yu GF, Jie YQ, Fan XF, Huang Q and Dai WM: Role of galectin-3 in plasma as a predictive biomarker of outcome after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurol Sci. 368:121–127. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

97 

Opotowsky AR, Baraona F, Owumi J, Loukas B, Singh MN, Valente AM, Wu F, Cheng S, Veldtman G, Rimm EB and Landzberg MJ: Galectin-3 is elevated and associated with adverse outcomes in patients with single-ventricle fontan circulation. J Am Heart Asso. 5:e0027062016. View Article : Google Scholar

98 

Kadoglou NP, Sfyroeras GS, Spathis A, Gkekas C, Gastounioti A, Mantas G, Nikita KS, Karakitsos P and Liapis CD: Galectin-3, carotid plaque vulnerability, and potential effects of statin therapy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 49:4–9. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

99 

Liao CW, Lin YT, Wu XM, Chang YY, Hung CS, Wu VC, Wu KD, Lin YH and TAIPAI Study Group: The relation among aldosterone, galectin-3, and myocardial fibrosis: A prospective clinical pilot follow-up study. J Investig Med. 64:1109–1113. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

100 

Edsfeldt A, Bengtsson E, Asciutto G, Dunér P, Björkbacka H, Fredrikson GN, Nilsson J and Goncalves I: High plasma levels of Galectin-3 are associated with increased risk for stroke after carotid endarterectomy. Cerebrovasc Dis. 41:199–203. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

101 

Liu H, Liu Y, Zhao J, Liu H and He S: Prognostic value of plasma galectin-3 levels after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Brain Beha. 6:e005432016. View Article : Google Scholar

102 

Nayor M, Wang N, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Levy D and Ho JE: Circulating Galectin-3 is associated with cardiometabolic disease in the community. J Am Heart Asso. 5(pii): e0023472015. View Article : Google Scholar

103 

Nishiyama J, Kobayashi S, Ishida A, Nakabayashi I, Tajima O, Miura S, Katayama M and Nogami H: Up-regulation of galectin-3 in acute renal failure of the rat. Am J Pathol. 157:815–823. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

104 

Ji F, Zhang S, Jiang X, Xu Y, Chen Z, Fan Y and Wang W: Diagnostic and prognostic value of galectin-3, serum creatinine, and cystatin C in chronic kidney diseases. J Clin Lab Ana. Oct 11–2017.Epub ahead of print. View Article : Google Scholar

105 

O'Seaghdha CM, Hwang SJ, Ho JE, Vasan RS, Levy D and Fox CS: Elevated galectin-3 precedes the development of CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 24:1470–1477. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

106 

Bansal N, Katz R, Seliger S, DeFilippi C, Sarnak MJ, Delaney JA, Christenson R, de Boer IH, Kestenbaum B, Robinson-Cohen C, et al: Galectin-3 and Soluble ST2 and kidney function decline in older adults: The cardiovascular health study (CHS). Am J Kidney Dis. 67:994–996. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

107 

Drechsler C, Delgado G, Wanner C, Blouin K, Pilz S, Tomaschitz A, Kleber ME, Dressel A, Willmes C, Krane V, et al: Galectin-3, renal function, and clinical outcomes: Results from the LURIC and 4D studies. J Am Soc Nephrol. 26:2213–2221. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

108 

Gurel OM, Yilmaz H, Celik TH, Cakmak M, Namuslu M, Bilgiç AM, Bavbek N, Akcay A and Eryonucu B: Galectin-3 as a new biomarker of diastolic dysfunction in hemodialysis patients. Herz. 40:788–794. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

109 

Yilmaz H, Gurel OM, Celik HT, Bozkurt A, Yildirim ME, Bilgic I, Bilgic MA, Bavbek N and Akcay A: Relationship of galectin-3 to left ventricular geometry and hypertrophy in chronic hemodialysis patients. Herz. 40:702–708. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

110 

Ozkan G, Ulusoy S, Mentese A, Guvercin B, Karahan SC, Yavuz A, Altay DU and Ocal M: Can be galectin-3 a novel marker in determining mortality in hemodialysis patients. Clin Biochem. 48:768–773. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

111 

Hogas S, Schiller A, Voroneanu L, Constantinescu D, Timar R, Cianga P, Siriopol D, Bob F, Cianga C, Onofriescu M, et al: Predictive value for Galectin 3 and cardiotrophin 1 in hemodialysis patients. Angiology. 67:854–859. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

112 

Schwerg M, Eilers B, Wienecke A, Baumann G, Laule M, Knebel F, Stangl K and Stangl V: Galectin-3 and prediction of therapeutic response to renal sympathetic denervation. Clin Exp Hypertens. 38:399–403. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

113 

Bing Z, Lal P, Lu S, Ziober A and Tomaszewski JE: Role of carbonic anhydrase IX, α-methylacyl coenzyme a racemase, cytokeratin 7, and galectin-3 in the evaluation of renal neoplasms: A tissue microarray immunohistochemical study. Ann Diagn Pathol. 17:58–62. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

114 

Kaneko N, Gotoh A, Okamura N, Matsuo E, Terao S, Watanabe M, Yamada Y, Hamami G, Nakamura T, Ikekita M, et al: Potential tumor markers of renal cell carcinoma: α-enolase for postoperative follow up, and galectin-1 and galectin-3 for primary detection. Int J Urol. 20:530–535. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

115 

von Klot CA, Kramer MW, Peters I, Hennenlotter J, Abbas M, Scherer R, Herrmann TR, Stenzl A, Kuczyk MA, Serth J and Merseburger AS: Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 mRNA expression in renal cell carcinoma. BMC Clin Pathol. 14:152014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

116 

Straube T, Elli AF, Greb C, Hegele A, Elsässer HP, Delacour D and Jacob R: Changes in the expression and subcellular distribution of galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 30:892011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

117 

Sakaki M, Fukumori T, Fukawa T, Elsamman E, Shiirevnyamba A, Nakatsuji H and Kanayama HO: Clinical significance of Galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Med Invest. 57:152–157. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

118 

Tang W, Huang C, Tang C, Xu J and Wang H: Galectin-3 may serve as a potential marker for diagnosis and prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther. 9:455–460. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

119 

Manivannan P, Siddaraju N, Jatiya L and Verma SK: Role of pro-angiogenic marker galectin-3 in follicular neoplasms of thyroid. Indian. J Biochem Biophys. 49:392–394. 2012.

120 

Mataraci EA, Ozgüven BY and Kabukcuoglu F: Expression of cytokeratin 19, HBME-1 and galectin-3 in neoplastic and nonneoplastic thyroid lesions. Pol J Pathol. 63:58–64. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

121 

Matesa-Anić D, Moslavac S, Matesa N, Cupić H and Kusić Z: Intensity and distribution of immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 in thyroid neoplasms. Acta Clin Croat. 51:237–241. 2012.

122 

Sumana BS, Shashidhar S and Shivarudrappa AS: Galectin-3 immunohistochemical expression in thyroid neoplasms. J Clin Diagn Res. 9:EC07–EC11. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

123 

Papale F, Cafiero G, Grimaldi A, Marino G, Rosso F, Mian C, Barollo S, Pennelli G, Sorrenti S, De Antoni E and Barbarisi A: Galectin-3 expression in thyroid fine needle cytology (t-FNAC) uncertain cases: Validation of molecular markers and technology innovation. J Cell Physiol. 228:968–974. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

124 

Salajegheh A, Dolan-Evans E, Sullivan E, Irani S, Rahman MA, Vosgha H, Gopalan V, Smith RA and Lam AK: The expression profiles of the galectin gene family in primary and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma with particular emphasis on galectin-1 and galectin-3 expression. Exp Mol Pathol. 96:212–218. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

125 

Al-Sharaky DR and Younes SF: Sensitivity and specificity of Galectin-3 and Glypican-3 in Follicular-patterned and other thyroid neoplasms. J Clin Diagn Res. 10:EC06–EC10. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

126 

Yilmaz E, Karsidag T, Tatar C and Tüzün S: Serum Galectin-3: Diagnostic value for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ulus Cerrahi Derg. 31:192–196. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

127 

Paunovic I, Isic T, Havelka M, Tatic S, Cvejic D and Savin S: Combined immunohistochemistry for thyroid peroxidase, galectin-3, CK19 and HBME-1 in differential diagnosis of thyroid tumors. APMIS. 120:368–379. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

128 

Abd-El Raouf SM and Ibrahim TR: Immunohistochemical expression of HBME-1 and galectin-3 in the differential diagnosis of follicular-derived thyroid nodules. Pathol Res Pract. 210:971–978. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

129 

Trimboli P, Guidobaldi L, Amendola S, Nasrollah N, Romanelli F, Attanasio D, Ramacciato G, Saggiorato E, Valabrega S and Crescenzi A: Galectin-3 and HBME-1 improve the accuracy of core biopsy in indeterminate thyroid nodules. Endocrine. 52:39–45. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

130 

Durry MF, Miskad UA, Leiwakabessy WN and Cangara MH: Diagnostic value of galectin-3 and hector battifora mesothelial epitope (hbme)-1 as a marker for malignancy in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. Patholog. 48(Suppl 1): S122–S123. 2016.

131 

Das DK, Al-Waheeb SK, George SS, Haji BI and Mallik MK: Contribution of immunocytochemical stainings for galectin-3, CD44, and HBME1 to fine-needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 42:498–505. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

132 

Karaarslan S, Yurum FN, Kumbaraci BS, Pala EE, Sivrikoz ON, Akyildiz M and Bugdayci MH: The role of parafibromin, Galectin-3, HBME-1, and Ki-67 in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid tumors. Oman Med J. 30:421–427. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

133 

Wang O, Wang CY, Shi J, Nie M, Xia WB, Li M, Jiang Y, Guan H, Meng XW and Xing XP: Expression of Ki-67, galectin-3, fragile histidine triad, and parafibromin in malignant and benign parathyroid tumors. Chin Med J (Engl. 125:2895–2901. 2012.

134 

Selemetjev SA, Savin SB, Paunovic IR, Tatic SB and Cvejic D: Changes in the expression pattern of apoptotic molecules (galectin-3, Bcl-2, Bax, survivin) during progression of thyroid malignancy and their clinical significance. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 127:337–344. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

135 

Lee YM and Lee JB: Prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor, 53 and galectin-3 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Int Med Res. 41:825–834. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

136 

Nechifor-Boilă A, Cătană R, Loghin A, Radu TG and Borda A: Diagnostic value of HBME-1, CD56, Galectin-3 and Cytokeratin-19 in papillary thyroid carcinomas and thyroid tumors of uncertain malignant potential. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 55:49–56. 2014.

137 

Liu Z, Li X, Shi L, Maimaiti Y, Chen T, Li Z, Wang S, Xiong Y, Guo H, He W, et al: Cytokeratin 19, thyroperoxidase, HBME-1 and galectin-3 in evaluation of aggressive behavior of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Med. 7:2304–2308. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

138 

Gweon HM, Kim JA, Youk JH, Hong SW, Lim BJ, Yoon SO, Park YM and Son EJ: Can galectin-3 be a useful marker for conventional papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 44:103–107. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

139 

Wang X, Yuegao, Bai L, Ibrahim MM, Ma W, Zhang J, Huang Y, Wang B, Song L and Tang J: Evaluation of annexin A7, Galectin-3 and Gelsolin as possible biomarkers of hepatocarcinoma lymphatic metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother. 68:259–265. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

140 

Serizawa N, Tian J, Fukada H, Baghy K, Scott F, Chen X, Kiss Z, Olson K, Hsu D, Liu FT, et al: Galectin 3 regulates HCC cell invasion by RhoA and MLCK activation. Lab Invest. 95:1145–1156. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

141 

Ulu M, Alacacioglu A, Yuksel E, Pamukk BO, Bozkaya G, Ari A, Yuksel A, Sop G and Alacacioglu I: Prognostic significance of serum galectin-3 levels in patients with hepatocellular cancer and chronic viral hepatitis. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 21:47–50. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

142 

Eisa NH, Ebrahim MA, Ragab M, Eissa LA and El-Gayar AM: Galectin-3 and matrix metalloproteinase-9: Perspective in management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 21:323–330. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

143 

Jiang SS, Weng DS, Wang QJ, Pan K, Zhang YJ, Li YQ, Li JJ, Zhao JJ, He J, Lv L, et al: Galectin-3 is associated with a poor prognosis in primary hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med. 12:2732014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

144 

Balan V, Wang Y, Nangia-Makker P, Kho D, Bajaj M, Smith D, Heilbrun L, Raz A and Heath E: Galectin-3: A possible complementary marker to the PSA blood test. Oncotarget. 4:542–549. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

145 

Nakajima K, Heilbrun LK, Hogan V, Smith D, Heath E and Raz A: Positive associations between galectin-3 and PSA levels in prostate cancer patients: A prospective clinical study-I. Oncotarget. 7:82266–82272. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

146 

Araujo-Filho JL, Melo-Junior MR, Beltrão EI, de Lima LR, Antunes CB and de Carvalho LB Jr: Immunochemiluminescent detection of galectin-3 in tumoral tissue from prostate. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 6:1861–1867. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

147 

Knapp JS, Lokeshwar SD, Vogel U, Hennenlotter J, Schwentner C, Kramer MW, Stenzl A and Merseburger AS: Galectin-3 expression in prostate cancer and benign prostate tissues: Correlation with biochemical recurrence. World J Urol. 31:351–358. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

148 

Xie L, Ni WK, Chen XD, Xiao MB, Chen BY, He S, Lu CH, Li XY, Jiang F and Ni RZ: The expressions and clinical significances of tissue and serum galectin-3 in pancreatic carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 138:1035–1043. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

149 

Jiang K, Lawson D, Cohen C and Siddiqui MT: Galectin-3 and PTEN expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and gastrointestinal tumors on fine-needle aspiration cytology. Acta Cytol. 58:281–287. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

150 

Barrow H, Guo X, Wandall HH, Pedersen JW, Fu B, Zhao Q, Chen C, Rhodes JM and Yu LG: Serum galectin-2, -4, and -8 are greatly increased in colon and breast cancer patients and promote cancer cell adhesion to blood vascular endothelium. Clin Cancer Res. 17:7035–7046. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

151 

Barrow H, Rhodes JM and Yu LG: Simultaneous determination of serum galectin-3 and -4 levels detects metastases in colorectal cancer patients. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 36:9–13. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

152 

Shimura T, Shibata M, Gonda K, Nakajima T, Chida S, Noda M, Suzuki S, Nakamura I, Ohki S and Takenoshita S: Association between circulating galectin-3 levels and the immunological, inflammatory and nutritional parameters in patients with colorectal cancer. Biomed Rep. 5:203–207. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

153 

Petrovic S, Radosavljevic GD, Pantic J, Jovanovic I, Jankovic N and Arsenijevic N: Circulating and tissue galectin-1 and galectin-3 in colorectal carcinoma: Association with clinicopathological parameters, serum CEA, IL-17 and IL23. J BUON. 21:941–949. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

154 

Zhang H, Luo M, Liang X, Wang D, Gu X, Duan C, Gu H, Chen G, Zhao X, Zhao Z and Liu C: Galectin-3 as a marker and potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. PLoS One. 9:e1034822014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

155 

Koo JS and Jung W: Clinicopathlogic and immunohistochemical characteristics of triple negative invasive lobular carcinoma. Yonsei Med J. 52:89–97. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

156 

Yamaki S, Fujii T, Yajima R, Hirakata T, Yamaguchi S, Fujisawa T, Tsutsumi S, Asao T, Yanagita Y, Iijima M and Kuwano H: Clinicopathological significance of decreased galectin-3 expression and the long-term prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Surg Today. 43:901–905. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

157 

Ilmer M, Mazurek N, Gilcrease MZ, Byrd JC, Woodward WA, Buchholz TA, Acklin K, Ramirez K, Hafley M, Alt E, et al: Low expression of galectin-3 is associated with poor survival in node-positive breast cancers and mesenchymal phenotype in breast cancer stem cells. Breast Cancer Res. 18:972016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

158 

El Gendy H, Madkour B, Abdelaty S, Essawy F, Khattab D, Hammam O, El Kholy A and Nour HH: Galectin 3 for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Arab J Urol. 12:178–181. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

159 

Gendy HE, Madkour B, Abdelaty S, Essawy F, Khattab D, Hammam O and Nour HH: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum and tissue Galectin 3 expression in patients with carcinoma of the bladder. Curr Urol. 7:185–190. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

160 

Cheng D, Liang B and Li Y: Serum galectin-3 as a potential marker for gastric cancer. Med Sci Monit. 21:755–760. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

161 

Leal MF, Calcagno DQ, Chung J, de Freitas VM, Demachki S, Assumpção PP, Chammas R, Burbano RR and Smith MC: Deregulated expression of annexin-A2 and galectin-3 is associated with metastasis in gastric cancer patients. Clin Exp Med. 15:415–420. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

162 

Tas F, Bilgin E, Tastekin D, Erturk K and Duranyildiz D: Clinical significance of serum Galectin-3 levels in gastric cancer patients. J Gastrointest Cancer. 47:182–186. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

163 

Gomes TS, Oshima CT, Forones NM, De Oliveira Lima F and Ribeiro DA: Expression of galectin-3 in gastric adenocarcinoma. Indian J Med Res. 140:69–76. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

164 

Gao N, Yu WZ, Guo NJ, Wang XX and Sun JR: Clinical significance of galectin-3 in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective cohort study with long-term follow-up and formulation of risk scoring system. Leuk Lymphoma. 58:1394–1402. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

165 

Samura B: Galectin-3 as a prognostic biomarker in patients with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Georgian Med News. 7–11. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

166 

Lambropoulou M, Deftereou TE, Kynigopoulos S, Patsias A, Anagnostopoulos C, Alexiadis G, Kotini A, Tsaroucha A, Nikolaidou C, Kiziridou A, et al: Co-expression of galectin-3 and CRIP-1 in endometrial cancer: Prognostic value and patient survival. Med Oncol. 33:82016. View Article : Google Scholar

167 

Zhou X, Jing J, Peng J, Mao W, Zheng Y, Wang D, Wang X, Liu Z and Zhang X: Expression and clinical significance of galectin-3 in osteosarcoma. Gene. 546:403–407. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

168 

Aggarwal S, Sharma SC and Das SN: Galectin-1 and galectin-3: Plausible tumour markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma and suitable targets for screening high-risk population. Clin Chim Acta. 442:13–21. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

169 

Righi A, Morandi L, Leonardi E, Farnedi A, Marucci G, Sisto A, Frank G, Faustini-Fustini M, Zoli M, Mazzatenta D, et al: Galectin-3 expression in pituitary adenomas as a marker of aggressive behavior. Hum Pathol. 44:2400–2409. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

170 

Yang LP, Jiang S, Liu JQ, Miao XY and Yang ZL: Up-regulation of galectin-3 and Sambucus nigra agglutinin binding site is associated with invasion, metastasis and poor-progression of the gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 59:2089–2094. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

171 

Zhang L, Wang P, Qin Y, Cong Q, Shao C, Du Z, Ni X, Li P and Ding K: RN1, a novel galectin-3 inhibitor, inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo via blocking galectin-3 associated signaling pathways. Oncogene. 36:1297–1308. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

172 

Yang Y, Zhou Z, He S, Fan T, Jin Y, Zhu X, Chen C, Zhang ZR and Huang Y: Treatment of prostate carcinoma with (galectin-3)-targeted HPMA copolymer-(G3-C12)-5-Fluorouracil conjugates. Biomaterials. 33:2260–2271. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

173 

Guha P, Kaptan E, Bandyopadhyaya G, Kaczanowska S, Davila E, Thompson K, Martin SS, Kalvakolanu DV, Vasta GR and Ahmed H: Cod glycopeptide with picomolar affinity to galectin-3 suppresses T-cell apoptosis and prostate cancer metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110:5052–5057. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

174 

Mirandola L, Yu Y, Cannon MJ, Jenkins MR, Rahman RL, Nguyen DD, Grizzi F, Cobos E, Figueroa JA and Chiriva-Internati M: Galectin-3 inhibition suppresses drug resistance, motility, invasion and angiogenic potential in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 135:573–579. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

175 

Calvier L, Martinez-Martinez E, Miana M, Cachofeiro V, Rousseau E, Sádaba JR, Zannad F, Rossignol P and López-Andrés N: The impact of galectin-3 inhibition on aldosterone-induced cardiac and renal injuries. JACC Heart Fail. 3:59–67. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

176 

Vergaro G, Prud'homme M, Fazal L, Merval R, Passino C, Emdin M, Samuel JL, Cohen Solal A and Delcayre C: Inhibition of Galectin-3 pathway prevents isoproterenol-induced left ventricular dysfunction and fibrosis in mice. Hypertension. 67:606–612. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

177 

Martinez-Martinez E, Calvier L, Rossignol P, Rousseau E, Fernández-Celis A, Jurado-López R, Laville M, Cachofeiro V and López-Andrés N: Galectin-3 inhibition prevents adipose tissue remodelling in obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 40:1034–1038. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

178 

MacKinnon AC, Liu X, Hadoke PW, Miller MR, Newby DE and Sethi T: Inhibition of galectin-3 reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Glycobiology. 23:654–663. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

179 

Delaine T, Collins P, MacKinnon A, Sharma G, Stegmayr J, Rajput VK, Mandal S, Cumpstey I, Larumbe A, Salameh BA, et al: Galectin-3-binding glycomimetics that strongly reduce bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and modulate intracellular glycan recognition. Chembiochem. 17:1759–1770. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

180 

Rajput VK, MacKinnon A, Mandal S, Collins P, Blanchard H, Leffler H, Sethi T, Schambye H, Mukhopadhyay B and Nilsson UJ: A Selective Galactose-coumarin-derived Galectin-3 inhibitor demonstrates involvement of Galectin-3-glycan interactions in a pulmonary fibrosis model. J Med Chem. 59:8141–8147. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

181 

Traber PG and Zomer E: Therapy of experimental NASH and fibrosis with galectin inhibitors. PLoS One. 8:e834812013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

182 

Harrison SA, Marri SR, Chalasani N, Kohli R, Aronstein W, Thompson GA, Irish W, Miles MV, Xanthakos SA, Lawitz E, et al: Randomised clinical study: GR-MD-02, a galectin-3 inhibitor, vs. placebo in patients having non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 44:1183–1198. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Dong R, Zhang M, Hu Q, Zheng S, Soh A, Zheng Y and Yuan H: Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 41: 599-614, 2018.
APA
Dong, R., Zhang, M., Hu, Q., Zheng, S., Soh, A., Zheng, Y., & Yuan, H. (2018). Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 599-614. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3311
MLA
Dong, R., Zhang, M., Hu, Q., Zheng, S., Soh, A., Zheng, Y., Yuan, H."Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.2 (2018): 599-614.
Chicago
Dong, R., Zhang, M., Hu, Q., Zheng, S., Soh, A., Zheng, Y., Yuan, H."Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 2 (2018): 599-614. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3311
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Dong R, Zhang M, Hu Q, Zheng S, Soh A, Zheng Y and Yuan H: Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 41: 599-614, 2018.
APA
Dong, R., Zhang, M., Hu, Q., Zheng, S., Soh, A., Zheng, Y., & Yuan, H. (2018). Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 599-614. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3311
MLA
Dong, R., Zhang, M., Hu, Q., Zheng, S., Soh, A., Zheng, Y., Yuan, H."Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.2 (2018): 599-614.
Chicago
Dong, R., Zhang, M., Hu, Q., Zheng, S., Soh, A., Zheng, Y., Yuan, H."Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 2 (2018): 599-614. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3311
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team