Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
April-2018 Volume 41 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2018 Volume 41 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways

  • Authors:
    • Eun Sil Koh
    • Soojeong Kim
    • Minyoung Kim
    • Yu Ah Hong
    • Seok Joon Shin
    • Cheol Whee Park
    • Yoon Sik Chang
    • Sungjin Chung
    • Ho‑Shik Kim
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Koh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1826-1834
    |
    Published online on: January 19, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3408
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Although the mechanism of cyclosporine A (CsA)‑induced renal injury remains to be fully elucidated, accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress is critical in producing CsA‑induced structural and functional renal impairment. The present study investigated the effect of D‑pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, on chronic CsA nephropathy. Male ICR mice were treated with vehicle, CsA (30 mg/kg/day), D‑pinitol (50 mg/kg/day) or a combination of CsA and D‑pinitol for 28 days. To assess which pathway responding to oxidative stress is augmented by D‑pinitol, the expression levels of several antioxidant enzymes and their possible regulators were measured. Treatment with D‑pinitol significantly suppressed the increase of serum creatinine and decrease of urine osmolality, compared with the CsA control group. Histological examination of Masson's trichrome‑ and α‑smooth muscle actin‑stained renal tissue demonstrated that the CsA‑induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation were attenuated by D‑pinitol. Following the administration of D‑pinitol, there were increased expression levels of heme oxygenase‑1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, superoxide dismutase 1 and catalase in CsA‑treated kidneys. In addition, D‑pinitol increased the level of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and the total and nuclear expression levels of nuclear erythroid factor 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2), suggesting that activation of the Sirt1 and Nrf2 pathways may induce the cellular antioxidant system against CsA‑induced nephropathy. Collectively, these data suggested that D‑pinitol may protect the kidney from CsA‑induced fibrosis, and that this renoprotective effect of D‑pinitol was due to the inhibition of oxidative stress through the activation of Sirt1 and Nrf2, and the subsequent enhancement of antioxidant enzymes.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Lin TH, Tan TW, Tsai TH, Chen CC, Hsieh TF, Lee SS, Liu HH, Chen WC and Tang CH: D-pinitol inhibits prostate cancer metastasis through inhibition of alphaVbeta3 integrin by modulating FAK, c-Src and NF-κB pathways. Int J Mol Sci. 14:9790–9802. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Gao Y, Zhang M, Wu T, Xu M, Cai H and Zhang Z: Effects of D-pinitol on insulin resistance through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. J Agric Food Chem. 63:6019–6026. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Choi MS, Lee MK, Jung UJ, Kim HJ, Do GM, Park YB and Jeon SM: Metabolic response of soy pinitol on lipid-lowering, antioxidant and hepatoprotective action in hamsters fed-high fat and high cholesterol diet. Mol Nutr Food Res. 53:751–759. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Sethi G, Ahn KS, Sung B and Aggarwal BB: Pinitol targets nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway leading to inhibition of gene products associated with proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis. Mol Cancer Ther. 7:1604–1614. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Rengarajan T, Nandakumar N, Rajendran P, Ganesh MK, Balasubramanian MP and Nishigaki I: D-pinitol mitigates tumor growth by modulating interleukins and hormones and induces apoptosis in rat breast carcinogenesis through inhibition of NF-kappaB. J Physiol Biochem. 71:191–204. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Dang NT, Mukai R, Yoshida K and Ashida H: D-pinitol and myo-inositol stimulate translocation of glucose transporter 4 in skeletal muscle of C57BL/6 mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 74:1062–1067. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Hernández-Mijares A, Bañuls C, Peris JE, Monzó N, Jover A, Bellod L, Victor VM and Rocha M: A single acute dose of pinitol from a naturally-occurring food ingredient decreases hyperglycaemia and circulating insulin levels in healthy subjects. Food Chem. 141:1267–1272. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Stull AJ, Wood KV, Thyfault JP and Campbell WW: Effects of acute pinitol supplementation on plasma pinitol concentration, whole body glucose tolerance, and activation of the skeletal muscle insulin receptor in older humans. Horm Metab Res. 41:381–386. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Sivakumar S, Palsamy P and Subramanian SP: Impact of D-pinitol on the attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines, hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and protection of kidney tissue ultrastructure in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact. 188:237–245. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Nankivell BJ, P'Ng CH, O'Connell PJ and Chapman JR: Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity through the lens of longitudinal histology: Comparison of cyclosporine and tacrolimus eras. Transplantation. 100:1723–1731. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Büscher AK, Beck BB, Melk A, Hoefele J, Kranz B, Bamborschke D, Baig S, Lange-Sperandio B, Jungraithmayr T, Weber LT, et al: Rapid response to cyclosporin A and favorable renal outcome in nongenetic versus genetic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 11:245–253. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Gooch JL, King C, Francis CE, Garcia PS and Bai Y: Cyclosporine A alters expression of renal microRNAs: New insights into calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. PLoS One. 12:e01752422017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Hošková L, Málek I, Kopkan L and Kautzner J: Pathophysiological mechanisms of calcineurin inhibitor-induced nephrotoxicity and arterial hypertension. Physiol Res. 66:167–180. 2017.

14 

Lim SW, Doh KC, Jin L, Jin J, Piao SG, Heo SB, Chung BH and Yang CW: Ginseng treatment attenuates autophagic cell death in chronic cyclosporine nephropathy. Nephrology (Carlton). 19:490–499. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Ruiz S, Pergola PE, Zager RA and Vaziri ND: Targeting the transcription factor Nrf2 to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 83:1029–1241. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Yang CW, Ahn HJ, Kim WY, Shin MJ, Kim SK, Park JH, Kim YO, Kim YS, Kim J and Bang BK: Influence of the renin-angiotensin system on epidermal growth factor expression in normal and cyclosporine-treated rat kidney. Kidney Int. 60:847–857. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Hong YA, Lim JH, Kim MY, Kim EN, Koh ES, Shin SJ, Choi BS, Park CW, Chang YS and Chung S: Delayed treatment with oleanolic acid attenuates tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic cyclosporine nephropathy through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. J Transl Med. 12:502014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Reisman SA, Aleksunes LM and Klaassen CD: Oleanolic acid activates Nrf2 and protects from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity via Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent processes. Biochem Pharmacol. 77:1273–1282. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Chung S, Kim S, Kim M, Koh ES, Yoon HE, Kim HS, Park CW, Chang YS and Shin SJ: T-type calcium channel blocker attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal interstitial fibrosis by activating the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Am J Transl Res. 8:4574–4585. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Kitada M and Koya D: Role of sirtuins in kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 23:75–79. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Huang K, Huang J, Xie X, Wang S, Chen C, Shen X, Liu P and Huang H: Sirt1 resists advanced glycation end products-induced expressions of fibronectin and TGF-β1 by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway in glomerular mesangial cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 65:528–540. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Parra Cid T, Conejo Garcia JR, Carballo Alvarez F and de Arriba G: Antioxidant nutrients protect against cyclosporine A nephrotoxicity. Toxicology. 189:99–111. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Yoon HE, Ghee JY, Piao S, Song JH, Han DH, Kim S, Ohashi N, Kobori H, Kuro-o M and Yang CW: Angiotensin II blockade upregulates the expression of klotho, the anti-ageing gene, in an experimental model of chronic cyclosporine nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 26:800–813. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

24 

Kim HJ and Vaziri ND: Contribution of impaired Nrf2-Keap1 pathway to oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic renal failure. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 298:F662–F671. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Chung S, Yoon HE, Kim SJ, Kim SJ, Koh ES, Hong YA, Park CW, Chang YS and Shin SJ: Oleanolic acid attenuates renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction via facilitating nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Nutr Metab (Lond). 11:22014. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Kim S, Kim SJ, Yoon HE, Chung S, Choi BS, Park CW and Shin SJ: Fimasartan, a novel angiotensin-receptor blocker, protects against renal inflammation and fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction: The possible role of nrf2. Int J Med Sci. 12:891–904. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Piao SG, Kang SH, Lim SW, Chung BH, Doh KC, Heo SB, Jin L, Li C and Yang CW: Influence of N-acetylcysteine on klotho expression and its signaling pathway in experimental model of chronic cyclosporine nephropathy in mice. Transplantation. 96:146–153. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Doh KC, Lim SW, Piao SG, Jin L, Heo SB, Zheng YF, Bae SK, Hwang GH, Min KI, Chung BH and Yang CW: Ginseng treatment attenuates chronic cyclosporine nephropathy via reducing oxidative stress in an experimental mouse model. Am J Nephrol. 37:421–433. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Gęgotek A and Skrzydlewska E: The role of transcription factor Nrf2 in skin cells metabolism. Arch Dermatol Res. 307:385–396. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Sivakumar S, Palsamy P and Subramanian SP: Attenuation of oxidative stress and alteration of hepatic tissue ultrastructure by D-pinitol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Free Radic Res. 44:668–678. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Kim MJ, Yoo KH, Kim JH, Seo YT, Ha BW, Kho JH, Shin YG and Chung CH: Effect of pinitol on glucose metabolism and adipocytokines in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 77(Suppl 1): S247–S251. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Carafa V, Rotili D, Forgione M, Cuomo F, Serretiello E, Hailu GS, Jarho E, Lahtela-Kakkonen M, Mai A and Altucci L: Sirtuin functions and modulation: From chemistry to the clinic. Clin Epigenetics. 8:612016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Wakino S, Hasegawa K and Itoh H: Sirtuin and metabolic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 88:691–698. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Medema RH and Jäättelä M: Cytosolic FoxO1: Alive and killing. Nat Cell Biol. 12:642–643. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Zhao Y, Yang J, Liao W, Liu X, Zhang H, Wang S, Wang D, Feng J, Yu L and Zhu WG: Cytosolic FoxO1 is essential for the induction of autophagy and tumour suppressor activity. Nat Cell Biol. 12:665–675. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Szydłowski M, Jabłońska E and Juszczyński P: FOXO1 transcription factor: A critical effector of the PI3K-AKT axis in B-cell development. Int Rev Immunol. 33:146–157. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Matsuzaki H, Daitoku H, Hatta M, Aoyama H, Yoshimochi K and Fukamizu A: Acetylation of Foxo1 alters its DNA-binding ability and sensitivity to phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:11278–11283. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Kim DH, Park CH, Park D, Choi YJ, Park MH, Chung KW, Kim SR, Lee JS and Chung HY: Ginsenoside Rc modulates Akt/FoxO1 pathways and suppresses oxidative stress. Arch Pharm Res. 37:813–820. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Kulkarni SR, Donepudi AC, Xu J, Wei W, Cheng QC, Driscoll MV, Johnson DA, Johnson JA, Li X and Slitt AL: Fasting induces nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and ATP-binding cassette transporters via protein kinase A and sirtuin-1 in mouse and human. Antioxid Redox Signal. 20:15–30. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar :

40 

Huang K, Chen C, Hao J, Huang J, Wang S, Liu P and Huang H: Polydatin promotes Nrf2-ARE anti-oxidative pathway through activating Sirt1 to resist AGEs-induced upregulation of fibronetin and transforming growth factor-β1 in rat glomerular messangial cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 399:178–189. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Koh ES, Kim S, Kim M, Hong YA, Shin SJ, Park CW, Chang YS, Chung S and Kim HS: D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways. Int J Mol Med 41: 1826-1834, 2018.
APA
Koh, E.S., Kim, S., Kim, M., Hong, Y.A., Shin, S.J., Park, C.W. ... Kim, H. (2018). D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 1826-1834. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3408
MLA
Koh, E. S., Kim, S., Kim, M., Hong, Y. A., Shin, S. J., Park, C. W., Chang, Y. S., Chung, S., Kim, H."D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.4 (2018): 1826-1834.
Chicago
Koh, E. S., Kim, S., Kim, M., Hong, Y. A., Shin, S. J., Park, C. W., Chang, Y. S., Chung, S., Kim, H."D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 4 (2018): 1826-1834. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3408
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Koh ES, Kim S, Kim M, Hong YA, Shin SJ, Park CW, Chang YS, Chung S and Kim HS: D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways. Int J Mol Med 41: 1826-1834, 2018.
APA
Koh, E.S., Kim, S., Kim, M., Hong, Y.A., Shin, S.J., Park, C.W. ... Kim, H. (2018). D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 1826-1834. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3408
MLA
Koh, E. S., Kim, S., Kim, M., Hong, Y. A., Shin, S. J., Park, C. W., Chang, Y. S., Chung, S., Kim, H."D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.4 (2018): 1826-1834.
Chicago
Koh, E. S., Kim, S., Kim, M., Hong, Y. A., Shin, S. J., Park, C. W., Chang, Y. S., Chung, S., Kim, H."D‑Pinitol alleviates cyclosporine A‑induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via activating Sirt1 and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 4 (2018): 1826-1834. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3408
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team