Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
January-2019 Volume 43 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-2019 Volume 43 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion

  • Authors:
    • Xuan Su
    • Zuqiang Wu
    • Fangyong Mai
    • Zhiyong Fan
    • Shujia Du
    • Hong Qian
    • Jingwen Zhu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Nanhai District Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China, Department of Tuina, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Su et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 221-232
    |
    Published online on: November 6, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicinal therapy, which is used for the amelioration of cognitive dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and relevancy mechanisms of ‘governor vessel‑unblocking and mind‑regulating’ acupuncture therapy for cognitive dysfunction in rats with ischemia. For this purpose, we used the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method to induce cognitive dysfunction in rats. The behavioral changes in the rats were examined using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The effects of the treatment on oxidative stress response and the function of the mitochondria in brain tissues were also assessed. The results revealed that ‘governor vessel‑unblocking and mind‑regulating’ acupuncture therapy markedly improved the cognitive ability of the rats with cognitive dysfunction. The production of pro‑oxidative stress factors, including nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was also blocked along with the amelioration of cognitive function, while the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and cyclooxygenase (COX) was restored. At the molecular level, the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the mitochondria was suppressed by ‘governor vessel‑unblocking and mind‑regulating’ acupuncture therapy, which may be attributed to the inhibition of the function of translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40) and translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 17A (TIMM17A). On the whole, the findings of the present study confirm the effects of ‘governor vessel‑unblocking and mind‑regulating’ acupuncture therapy on cognitive dysfunction induced by brain ischemia in rats, and that the mechanisms underlying the effects of this treatment might be mediated through the inhibition of TOMM40 and TIMM17A synthesis, which can relieve mitochondrial dysfunction from the accumulation of Aβ.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

View References

1 

Lu X, Hongcai S, Jiaying W, Jing H and Jun X: Assessing the quality of reports about randomized controlled trials of acupuncture treatment on mild cognitive impairment. PLoS One. 6:e169222011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Leung MC, Yip KK, Ho YS, Siu FK, Li WC and Garner B: Mechanisms underlying the effect of acupuncture on cognitive improvement: A systematic review of animal studies. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 9:492–507. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Aggarwal NT, Tripathi M, Dodge HH, Alladi S and Anstey KJ: Trends in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia in the Asian-pacific region. Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2012.171327:2012.

4 

World Health Organization and Alzheimer’s Disease International Dementia: A public health priority. World Health Organization; Geneva: 2012

5 

Rabinstein AA and Shulman LM: Acupuncture in clinical neurology. Neurologist. 9:137–148. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Yu J, Zhang X, Liu C, Meng Y and Han J: Effect of acupuncture treatment on vascular dementia. Neurol Res. 28:97–103. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Chou P, Chu H and Lin JG: Effects of electroacupuncture treatment on impaired cognition and quality of life in Taiwanese stroke patients. J Altern Complement Med. 15:1067–1073. 2009.

8 

Shen PF, Kong L, Ni LW, Guo HL, Yang S, Zhang LL, Zhang ZL, Guo JK, Xiong J, Zhen Z and Shi XM: Acupuncture intervention in ischemic stroke: A randomized controlled prospective study. Am J Chin Med. 40:685–693. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Shi GX, Liu CZ, Li QQ, Zhu H and Wang LP: Influence of acupuncture on cognitive function and markers of oxidative DNA damage in patients with vascular dementia. J Traditional Chin Med. 32:199–202. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Wang J, Markesbery WR and Lovell MA: Increased oxidative damage in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in mild cognitive impairment. J Neurochem. 96:825–832. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Manczak M, Anekonda TS, Henson E, Park BS, Quinn J and Reddy PH: Mitochondria are a direct site of Aβ accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease neurons: Implications for free radical generation and oxidative damage in disease progression. Hum Mol Genetics. 15:1437–1449. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Pappolla MA, Omar RA, Kim KS and Robakis NK: Immunohistochemical evidence of oxidative [corrected] stress in Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Pathol. 140:621–628. 1992.PubMed/NCBI

13 

Bozner P, Grishko V, LeDoux SP, Wilson GL, Chyan YC and Pappolla MA: The amyloid beta protein induces oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 56:1356–1362. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Pappolla MA, Chyan YJ, Omar RA, Hsiao K, Perry G, Smith MA and Bozner P: Evidence of oxidative stress and in vivo neurotoxicity of beta-amyloid in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease: A chronic oxidative paradigm for testing antioxidant therapies in vivo. Am J Pathol. 152:871–877. 1998.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yu CE, Seltman H, Peskind ER, Galloway N, Zhou PX, Rosenthal E, Wijsman EM, Tsuang DW, Devlin B and Schellenberg GD: Comprehensive analysis of APOE and selected proximate markers for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease: Patterns of linkage disequilibrium and disease/marker association. Genomics. 89:655–665. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Caselli RJ, Dueck AC, Huentelman MJ, Lutz MW, Saunders AM, Reiman EM and Roses AD: Longitudinal modeling of cognitive aging and the TOMM40 effect. Alzheimers Dement. 8:490–495. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Roses AD, Lutz MW, Crenshaw DG, Grossman I, Saunders AM and Gottschalk WK: TOMM40 and APOE: Requirements for replication studies of association with age of disease onset and enrichment of a clinical trial. Alzheimers Dement. 9:132–136. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Ferencz B, Karlsson S and Kalpouzos G: Promising genetic biomarkers of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease: The influence of APOE and TOMM40 on brain integrity. Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2012.421452:2012.

19 

Zhang X, Wu B, Nie K, Jia Y and Yu J: Effects of acupuncture on declined cerebral blood flow, impaired mitochondrial respiratory function and oxidative stress in multi-infarct dementia rats. Neurochem Int. 65:23–29. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Peng J, Zeng F, He YH, Tang Y, Yin HY and Yu SG: Observation on the protective effect of electroacupuncture on hippocampal neuronal mitochondria in SAMP 8 mice. Acupuncture Res. 32:3642007.In Chinese.

21 

Li RQ, Wan MY, Shi J, Wang HL, Liu FL, Liu CM, Huang J, Liu RC, Ma L and Feng XD: Catgut implantation at acupoints increases the expression of glutamate aspartate transporter and glial glutamate transporter-1 in the brain of rats with spasticity after stroke. Neural Regen Res. 13:1013–1018. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Hua XB: The development of the rat acupuncture point. Exper Anim Anim Exper. 1:1–6. 1991.

23 

Chu Q, Yu J and Han J: Improvement of acupuncture on cognitive function in senescence accelerated mouse P8. Chin J Behav Med Sci. 14:964–965. 2005.

24 

Liu CZ, Yu JC, Cheng HY, Jiang ZG, Li T, Zhang XZ, Zhang LL and Han JX: Spatial memory performance and hippocampal neuron number in osteoporotic SAMP6 mice. Exp Neurol. 201:452–460. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Kim SA, Lee BH, Bae JH, Kim KJ, Steffensen SC, Ryu YH, Leem JW, Yang CH and Kim HY: Peripheral afferent mechanisms underlying acupuncture inhibition of cocaine behavioral effects in rats. PLoS One. 8:e810182013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Patil S, Sen S, Bral M, Reddy S, Bradley KK, Cornett EM, Fox CJ and Kaye AD: The role of acupuncture in pain management. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 20:222016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Johnston MF, Yang C, Hui KK, Xiao B, Li XS and Rusiewicz A: Acupuncture for chemotherapy-associated cognitive dysfunction: A hypothesis-generating literature review to inform clinical advice. Integr Cancer Ther. 6:36–41. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Yu J, Liu C, Zhang X and Han J: Acupuncture improved cognitive impairment caused by multi-infarct dementia in rats. Physiol Behav. 86:434–441. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Liu CZ, Yu JC, Zhang XZ, Fu WW, Wang T and Han JX: Acupuncture prevents cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in cerebral multi-infarction rats. Neurosci Lett. 393:45–50. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Madsen MV, Gøtzsche PC and Hróbjartsson A: Acupuncture treatment for pain: Systematic review of randomised clinical trials with acupuncture, placebo acupuncture, and no acupuncture groups. BMJ. 338:a31152009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Zeng F and Yu SG: The mechanism involved in the treatment of senile dementia via regulation fo Du Channel. J Sichuan Tradit Chin Med. 22:19–21. 2004.In Chinese.

33 

Cantuti-Castelvetri I, Shukitt-Hale B and Joseph JA: Neurobehavioral aspects of antioxidants in aging. Int J Dev Neurosci. 18:367–381. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Ryglewicz D, Rodo M, Kunicki PK, Bednarska-Makaruk M, Graban A, Lojkowska W and Wehr H: Plasma antioxidant activity and vascular dementia. J Neurol Sci. 203:195–197. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Wallace DC: Mitochondrial genetics: A paradigm for aging and degenerative diseases. Science. 256:628–632. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Wallace DC: Mitochondrial diseases in man and mouse. Science. 283:1482–1488. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Reddy PH and Beal MF: Amyloid beta, mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic damage: Implications for cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Trends Mol Med. 14:45–53. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Sultana R and Butterfield DA: Oxidatively modified, mitochondria-relevant brain proteins in subjects with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 41:441–446. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Lu G, Liang R and Xie JQ: Characteristics of afferent fiber innervation on acupoint Zusanli (Chin). Sci Sin. 22:495–503. 1979.

40 

Glenner GG and Wong CW: Alzheimer’s disease: Initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 120:885–890. 1984. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Tabner BJ, Turnbull S, El-Agnaf OM and Allsop D: Formation of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals from A(beta) and alpha-synuclein as a possible mechanism of cell death in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease 1, 2. Free Radic Biol Med. 32:1076–1083. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

McBride HM, Neuspiel M and Wasiak S: Mitochondria: More than just a powerhouse. Curr Biol. 16:R551–R560. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Humphries AD, Streimann IC, Stojanovski D, Johnston AJ, Yano M, Hoogenraad NJ and Ryan MT: Dissection of the mitochondrial import and assembly pathway for human Tom40. J Biol Chem. 280:11535–11543. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Strittmatter WJ, Weisgraber KH, Huang DY, Dong LM, Salvesen GS, Pericak-Vance M, Schmechel D, Saunders AM, Goldgaber D and Roses AD: Binding of human apolipoprotein E to synthetic amyloid beta peptide: Isoform-specific effects and implications for late-onset Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 90:8098–8102. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Sanan DA, Weisgraber KH, Russell SJ, Mahley RW, Huang D, Saunders A, Schmechel D, Wisniewski T, Frangione B and Roses AD: Apolipoprotein E associates with beta amyloid peptide of Alzheimer’s disease to form novel monofibrils. Isoform apoE4 associates more efficiently than apoE3. J Clin Invest. 94:860–869. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Ye S, Huang Y, Müllendorff K, Dong L, Giedt G, Meng EC, Cohen FE, Kuntz ID, Weisgraber KH and Mahley RW: Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 enhances amyloid β peptide production in cultured neuronal cells: ApoE structure as a potential therapeutic target. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:18700–18705. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Salhab M, Patani N, Jiang W and Mokbel K: High TIMM17A expression is associated with adverse pathological and clinical outcomes in human breast cancer. Breast Cancer. 19:153–160. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Su X, Wu Z, Mai F, Fan Z, Du S, Qian H and Zhu J: ‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Int J Mol Med 43: 221-232, 2019.
APA
Su, X., Wu, Z., Mai, F., Fan, Z., Du, S., Qian, H., & Zhu, J. (2019). ‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 43, 221-232. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981
MLA
Su, X., Wu, Z., Mai, F., Fan, Z., Du, S., Qian, H., Zhu, J."‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43.1 (2019): 221-232.
Chicago
Su, X., Wu, Z., Mai, F., Fan, Z., Du, S., Qian, H., Zhu, J."‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43, no. 1 (2019): 221-232. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Su X, Wu Z, Mai F, Fan Z, Du S, Qian H and Zhu J: ‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Int J Mol Med 43: 221-232, 2019.
APA
Su, X., Wu, Z., Mai, F., Fan, Z., Du, S., Qian, H., & Zhu, J. (2019). ‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 43, 221-232. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981
MLA
Su, X., Wu, Z., Mai, F., Fan, Z., Du, S., Qian, H., Zhu, J."‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43.1 (2019): 221-232.
Chicago
Su, X., Wu, Z., Mai, F., Fan, Z., Du, S., Qian, H., Zhu, J."‘Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43, no. 1 (2019): 221-232. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team