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Article Open Access

All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis

Corrigendum in: /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399
  • Authors:
    • Jing Li
    • Qianying Li
    • Songmei Geng
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1789-1805
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    Published online on: February 15, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4098
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Abstract

All‑trans retinoic acid (ATRA) regulates skin cell proliferation and differentiation. ATRA is widely used in the treatment of skin diseases, but results in irritation, dryness and peeling, possibly due to an impaired skin barrier, although the exact mechanisms are unclear. The present study established an ATRA‑associated dermatitis mouse model (n=32) in order to examine the molecular mechanisms of skin barrier impairment by ATRA. Changes in epidermal morphology and structure were observed using histological examination and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Gene expression was analyzed by microarray chip assay. Histology and TEM demonstrated pronounced epidermal hyperproliferation and parakeratosis upon ATRA application. The stratum corneum layer displayed abnormal lipid droplets and cell‑cell junctions, suggesting alterations in lipid metabolism and dysfunctional cell junctions. Gene expression profiling revealed that factors associated with epidermal barrier function were differentially expressed by ATRA, including those associated with tight junctions (TJs), cornified envelopes, lipids, proteases, protease inhibitors and transcription factors. In the mouse epidermis, Claudin‑1 and ‑4 are proteins involved in TJs and have key roles in epidermal barrier function. ATRA reduced the expression and altered the localization of Claudin‑1 in HaCaT immortalized keratinocytes and the mouse epidermis, which likely leads to the disruption of the epidermal barrier. By contrast, Claudin‑4 was upregulated in HaCaT cells and the mouse epidermis following treatment with ATRA. In conclusion, ATRA exerts a dual effect on epidermal barrier genes: It downregulates the expression of Claudin‑1 and upregulates the expression of Claudin‑4. Claudin‑4 upregulation may be a compensatory response for the disrupted barrier function caused by Claudin‑1 downregulation.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li J, Li Q and Geng S: All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399. Int J Mol Med 43: 1789-1805, 2019.
APA
Li, J., Li, Q., & Geng, S. (2019). All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 43, 1789-1805. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4098
MLA
Li, J., Li, Q., Geng, S."All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43.4 (2019): 1789-1805.
Chicago
Li, J., Li, Q., Geng, S."All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43, no. 4 (2019): 1789-1805. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4098
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li J, Li Q and Geng S: All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399. Int J Mol Med 43: 1789-1805, 2019.
APA
Li, J., Li, Q., & Geng, S. (2019). All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 43, 1789-1805. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4098
MLA
Li, J., Li, Q., Geng, S."All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43.4 (2019): 1789-1805.
Chicago
Li, J., Li, Q., Geng, S."All‑trans retinoic acid alters the expression of the tight junction proteins Claudin‑1 and ‑4 and epidermal barrier function‑associated genes in the epidermis Corrigendum in /10.3892/ijmm.2024.5399". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43, no. 4 (2019): 1789-1805. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4098
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