Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
August-2019 Volume 44 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2019 Volume 44 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy

  • Authors:
    • Feng Liu
    • Fuhai Wang
    • Xiaofeng Dong
    • Peng Xiu
    • Pengfei Sun
    • Zhongchao Li
    • Xuetao Shi
    • Jingtao Zhong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of General Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 523-534
    |
    Published online on: June 6, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4231
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The T7 peptide, an active fragment of full‑length tumstatin [the non‑collagenous 1 domain of the type IV collagen α3 chain, α3 (IV) NC1], has exhibited potential antitumor effects in several types of cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying its action against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in T7 peptide‑induced cytotoxicity in HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that the T7 peptide significantly reduced cell viability and induced cell cycle arrest in HCC cells. The T7 peptide induced apoptosis in HCC cells through upregulation of Bax, Fas, and Fas ligand, and through upregulation of the anti‑apoptotic protein Bcl‑2. In addition, treatment with the T7 peptide induced protective autophagy in HCC cells. Blocking autophagy by 3‑methyladenineor bafilomycin A1 enhanced T7 peptide‑induced apoptosis. Furthermore, co‑treatment with MK‑2206 (an Akt specific inhibitor) or rapamycin (an inhibitor of mTOR) enhanced T7 peptide‑induced autophagy, whereas co‑treatment with insulin (an activator of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway) alleviated T7 peptide‑induced autophagy, which suggested that the T7 peptide may induce autophagy activation via inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, the present results demonstrated that suppression of autophagy potentiated the cytotoxic effects of the T7 peptide, and suggested that the T7 peptide may serve as a potential alternative compound for HCC therapy.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Siegel RL, Miller KD and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin. 67:7–30. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Bruix J, Gores GJ and Mazzaferro V: Hepatocellular carcinoma: Clinical frontiers and perspectives. Gut. 63:844–855. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Pan JH, Zhou H, Zhao XX, Ding H, Li W, Qin L and Pan YL: Role of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential in diagnosis and antitumour treatments (Review). Int J Mol Med. 41:1809–1816. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

4 

Burgess JK, Boustany S, Moir LM, Weckmann M, Lau JY, Grafton K, Baraket M, Hansbro PM, Hansbro NG, Foster PS, et al: Reduction of tumstatin in asthmatic airways contributes to angio-genesis, inflammation, and hyperresponsiveness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 181:106–115. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Liu Y, Li J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Liu Y and Liu X: Mitochondria-mediated tumstatin peptide-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis. Int J Mol Med. 24:653–659. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Hwang-Bo J, Park JH and Chung IS: Tumstatin induces apoptosis mediated by Fas signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC-VII cells. Oncol Lett. 10:1016–1022. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Zhang P, Zhou Q, Tian L, Zhou X, Zhou Y and Chen J: Experimental study of a novel tumstatin on C6 brain glioma in vitro. Oncol Lett. 14:2845–2851. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Yan Y, Xu W, Qian H, Zhu W, Mao F and Zhang X: Tumstatin45-132-TNFalpha suppresses tumour growth through anti-angiogenic effects and cytotoxicity. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 56:119–127. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Saus J, Wieslander J, Langeveld JP, Quinones S and Hudson BG: Identification of the Goodpasture antigen as the alpha 3(IV) chain of collagen IV. J Biol Chem. 263:13374–13380. 1988.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Eikesdal HP, Sugimoto H, Birrane G, Maeshima Y, Cooke VG, Kieran M and Kalluri R: Identification of amino acids essential for the antiangiogenic activity of tumstatin and its use in combination antitumor activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 105:15040–15045. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Zhang X, Qi DD, Zhang TT, Chen QX, Wang GZ, Sui GY, Hao XW, Sun S, Song X and Chen YL: Antitumor activity of adenoviral vector containing T42 and 4xT42 peptide gene through inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and suppressing angiogenesis. Mol Med Rep. 11:2083–2091. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Wang F, Dong X, Xiu P, Zhong J, Wei H, Xu Z, Li T, Liu F, Sun X and Li J: T7 peptide inhibits angiogenesis via downregu-lation of angiopoietin-2 and autophagy. Oncol Rep. 33:675–684. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Yang Z and Klionsky DJ: Eaten alive: A history of macroautophagy. Nat Cell Biol. 12:814–822. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Liu W, Wang X, Liu Z, Wang Y, Yin B, Yu P, Duan X, Liao Z, Chen Y, Liu C, et al: SGK1 inhibition induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis via the mTOR-Foxo3a pathway. Br J Cancer. 117:1139–1153. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Tang ZH, Cao WX, Su MX, Chen X and Lu JJ: Osimertinib induces autophagy and apoptosis via reactive oxygen species generation in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 321:18–26. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Sun K, Guo XL, Zhao QD, Jing YY, Kou XR, Xie XQ, Zhou Y, Cai N, Gao L, Zhao X, et al: Paradoxical role of autophagy in the dysplastic and tumor-forming stages of hepatocarcinoma development in rats. Cell Death Dis. 4:e5012013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Zhong J, Dong X, Xiu P, Wang F, Liu J, Wei H, Xu Z, Liu F, Li T and Li J: Blocking autophagy enhances meloxicam lethality to hepatocellular carcinoma by promotion of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Prolif. 48:691–704. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Cosin-Roger J, Simmen S, Melhem H, Atrott K, Frey-Wagner I, Hausmann M, de Vallière C, Spalinger MR, Spielmann P, Wenger RH, et al: Hypoxia ameliorates intestinal inflammation through NLRP3/mTOR downregulation and autophagy activation. Nat Commun. 8:982017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Shi ZY, Deng JX, Fu S, Wang L, Wang Q, Liu B, Li YQ and Deng JB: Protective effect of autophagy in neural ischemia and hypoxia: Negative regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Int J Mol Med. 40:1699–1708. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Chen YF, Liu H, Luo XJ, Zhao Z, Zou ZY, Li J, Lin XJ and Liang Y: The roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy in the survival and death of leukemia cells. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 112:21–30. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Li R, Luo X, Zhu Y, Zhao L, Li L, Peng Q, Ma M and Gao Y: ATM signals to AMPK to promote autophagy and positively regulate DNA damage in response to cadmium-induced ROS in mouse spermatocytes. Environ Pollut. 231:1560–1568. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Yang C, Ma X, Wang Z, Zeng X, Hu Z, Ye Z and Shen G: Curcumin induces apoptosis and protective autophagy in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells through iron chelation. Drug Design Devel Ther. 11:431–439. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Zhang N, Wu Y, Lyu X, Li B, Yan X, Xiong H, Li X, Huang G, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, et al: HSF1 upregulates ATG4B expression and enhances epirubicin-induced protective autophagy in hepa-tocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett. 409:81–90. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Dong X, Li R, Xiu P, Dong X, Xu Z, Zhai B, Liu F, Jiang H, Sun X, Li J and Qiao H: Meloxicam executes its antitumor effects against hepatocellular carcinoma in COX-2-dependent and -independent pathways. PLoS One. 9:e928642014. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Chang H, Li X, Cai Q, Li C, Tian L, Chen J, Xing X, Gan Y, Ouyang W and Yang Z: The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is involved in CVB3-induced autophagy of HeLa cells. Int J Mol Med. 40:182–192. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Wang SS, Chen YH, Chen N, Wang LJ, Chen DX, Weng HL, Dooley S and Ding HG: Hydrogen sulfide promotes autophagy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis. 8:e26882017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Yao H and Han X and Han X: The cardioprotection of the insulin-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 14:433–442. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Zhao R, Chen M, Jiang Z, Zhao F, Xi B, Zhang X, Fu H and Zhou K: Platycodin-D induced autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways. J Cancer. 6:623–631. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Huang KH, Kuo KL, Ho IL, Chang HC, Chuang YT, Lin WC, Lee PY, Chang SC, Chiang CK, Pu YS, et al: Celecoxib-induced cytotoxic effect is potentiated by inhibition of autophagy in human urothelial carcinoma cells. PLoS One. 8:e820342013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Goto T, Ishikawa H, Matsumoto K, Nishimura D, Kusaba M, Taura N, Shibata H, Miyaaki H, Ichikawa T, Hamasaki K, et al: Tum-1, a tumstatin fragment, gene delivery into hepatocellular carcinoma suppresses tumor growth through inhibiting angio-genesis. Int J Oncol. 33:33–40. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Li YJ, Sun LC, He Y, Liu XH, Liu M, Wang QM and Jin XM: The anti-tumor properties of two tumstatin peptide fragments in human gastric carcinoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 30:1307–1315. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Wang Y, Yin RF and Teng JS: Tumstatin induces apoptosis and stimulates phosphorylation of p65NF-κB in human osteoblastic osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells. Oncol Rep. 35:3403–3408. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Sun C, He D, Ma C, Gao Z, Chen Y and Wang S: Bifunctional fusion proteins derived from tumstatin and 4-1BBL for targeted cancer therapy. Mol Pharm. 16:867–876. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Grafton KT, Moir LM, Black JL, Hansbro NG, Hansbro PM, Burgess JK and Oliver BG: LF-15 & T7, synthetic peptides derived from tumstatin, attenuate aspects of airway remodelling in a murine model of chronic OVA-induced allergic airway disease. PLoS One. 9:e856552014. View Article : Google Scholar :

35 

He Y, Jiang Y, Li YJ, Liu XH, Zhang L, Liu LJ, Shi H, Li HN, Ma YC and Jin XM: 19-peptide, a fragment of tumstatin, inhibits the growth of poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 25:935–941. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Bommareddy A, Hahm ER, Xiao D, Powolny AA, Fisher AL, Jiang Y and Singh SV: Atg5 regulates phenethyl isothio-cyanate-induced autophagic and apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 69:3704–3712. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Kim RH, Coates JM, Bowles TL, McNerney GP, Sutcliffe J, Jung JU, Gandour-Edwards R, Chuang FY, Bold RJ and Kung HJ: Arginine deiminase as a novel therapy for prostate cancer induces autophagy and caspase-independent apoptosis. Cancer Res. 69:700–708. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Shintani T and Klionsky DJ: Autophagy in health and disease: A double-edged sword. Science. 306:990–995. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Xue JF, Shi ZM, Zou J and Li XL: Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway promotes autophagy of articular chondrocytes and attenuates inflammatory response in rats with osteoarthritis. Biomed Pharmacother. 89:1252–1261. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu F, Wang F, Dong X, Xiu P, Sun P, Li Z, Shi X and Zhong J: T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy. Int J Mol Med 44: 523-534, 2019.
APA
Liu, F., Wang, F., Dong, X., Xiu, P., Sun, P., Li, Z. ... Zhong, J. (2019). T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44, 523-534. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4231
MLA
Liu, F., Wang, F., Dong, X., Xiu, P., Sun, P., Li, Z., Shi, X., Zhong, J."T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44.2 (2019): 523-534.
Chicago
Liu, F., Wang, F., Dong, X., Xiu, P., Sun, P., Li, Z., Shi, X., Zhong, J."T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44, no. 2 (2019): 523-534. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4231
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu F, Wang F, Dong X, Xiu P, Sun P, Li Z, Shi X and Zhong J: T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy. Int J Mol Med 44: 523-534, 2019.
APA
Liu, F., Wang, F., Dong, X., Xiu, P., Sun, P., Li, Z. ... Zhong, J. (2019). T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44, 523-534. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4231
MLA
Liu, F., Wang, F., Dong, X., Xiu, P., Sun, P., Li, Z., Shi, X., Zhong, J."T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44.2 (2019): 523-534.
Chicago
Liu, F., Wang, F., Dong, X., Xiu, P., Sun, P., Li, Z., Shi, X., Zhong, J."T7 peptide cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells is mediated by suppression of autophagy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44, no. 2 (2019): 523-534. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4231
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team