Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
October-2020 Volume 46 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2020 Volume 46 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway

  • Authors:
    • Bin Zhou
    • Kun Peng
    • Guoqiang Wang
    • Weihua Chen
    • Ping Liu
    • Fei Chen
    • Yijun Kang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1571-1581
    |
    Published online on: August 6, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4694
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease during which bone mass decreases and bone quality is reduced. Maintaining the bone formation capacity of osteoblasts is crucial for the treatment of osteoporosis. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis was performed on online microarray expression profiles to identify miRNA(s) related to osteoblast proliferation and bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation. The specific effects of candidate miRNAs on cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and Wnt signaling‑related factors were examined. As regards the downstream mechanisms, online tools were employed to predict the downstream targets of candidate miRNAs and the predicted miRNA‑mRNA binding was verified. Finally, the dynamic effects of miRNAs and mRNAs were examined. The results revealed that miR‑483‑3p expression was decreased in bone tissue samples from patients with osteoporosis. In miR‑483‑3p‑overexpressing human osteoblasts, cell viability, DNA synthesis capacity and osteogenesis were promoted, and the protein levels of Wnt1, β‑catenin and cyclin D1 were increased. However, the protein receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‑Β ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio and cell apoptotic rate were decreased. The Wnt signaling, antagonist Dikkopf 2 (DKK2), was targeted and negatively regulated by miR‑483‑3p. DKK2 knockdown exerted similar effects as miR‑483‑3p overexpression, while DKK2 overexpression inhibited cell viability, DNA synthesis capacity and osteogenesis. DKK2 overexpression also decreased the Wnt1, β‑catenin, and cyclin D1 protein levels, whereas it promoted the the RANKL/OPG ratio and the apoptosis of human osteoblasts. DKK2 overexpression reversed the functions of miR‑483‑3p overexpression. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that the miR‑483‑3p/DKK2 axis modulates the bone formation process by affecting osteoblast proliferation, pre‑osteoblast differentiation into mature osteoblasts and new bone matrix formation.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Armas LA and Recker RR: Pathophysiology of osteoporosis: New mechanistic insights. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 41:475–486. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Bidwell JP, Alvarez MB, Hood M Jr and Childress P: Functional impairment of bone formation in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis: The bone marrow regenerative competence. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 11:117–125. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Khosla S, Melton LJ III and Riggs BL: The unitary model for estrogen deficiency and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis: Is a revision needed? J Bone Miner Res. 26:441–451. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Xie Z and Chen Y, Gurbuz S, Zhang B, Li Y, Bai F and Chen Y: Effects of teriparatide in Chinese and Caucasian women with osteoporosis: Bridging study on efficacy. Clin Interv Aging. 14:959–968. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

An J, Yang H, Zhang Q, Liu C, Zhao J, Zhang L and Chen B: Natural products for treatment of osteoporosis: The effects and mechanisms on promoting osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Life Sci. 147:46–58. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Komori T: Signaling networks in RUNX2-dependent bone development. J Cell Biochem. 112:750–755. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Guntur AR and Rosen CJ: IGF-1 regulation of key signaling pathways in bone. Bonekey Rep. 2:4372013. View Article : Google Scholar :

8 

Kobayashi Y, Uehara S, Udagawa N and Takahashi N: Regulation of bone metabolism by Wnt signals. J Biochem. 159:387–392. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar :

9 

Takahashi N, Maeda K, Ishihara A, Uehara S and Kobayashi Y: Regulatory mechanism of osteoclastogenesis by RANKL and Wnt signals. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 16:21–30. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Landgraf P, Rusu M, Sheridan R, Sewer A, Iovino N, Aravin A, Pfeffer S, Rice A, Kamphorst AO, Landthaler M, et al: A mammalian microRNA expression atlas based on small RNA library sequencing. Cell. 129:1401–1414. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Sun X, Guo Q, Wei W, Robertson S, Yuan Y and Luo X: Current progress on MicroRNA-based gene delivery in the treatment of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. Int J Endocrinol. 2019:67826532019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Liu H, Liu Q, Wu XP, He HB and Fu L: MiR-96 regulates bone metabolism by targeting osterix. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 45:602–613. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Xia Z, Chen C, Chen P, Xie H and Luo X: MicroRNAs and their roles in osteoclast differentiation. Front Med. 5:414–419. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Kapinas K, Kessler C, Ricks T, Gronowicz G and Delany AM: MiR-29 modulates Wnt signaling in human osteoblasts through a positive feedback loop. J Biol Chem. 285:25221–25231. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Hassan MQ, Maeda Y, Taipaleenmaki H, Zhang W, Jafferji M, Gordon JA, Li Z, Croce CM, van Wijnen AJ, Stein JL, et al: MiR-218 directs a Wnt signaling circuit to promote differentiation of osteoblasts and osteomimicry of metastatic cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 287:42084–42092. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Zhang WB, Zhong WJ and Wang L: A signal-amplification circuit between miR-218 and Wnt/β-catenin signal promotes human adipose tissue-derived stem cells osteogenic differentiation. Bone. 58:59–66. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Xu X, Jiang H, Li X, Wu P, Liu J, Wang T, Zhou X, Xiong J and Li W: Bioinformatics analysis on the differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Mol Med Rep. 15:1571–1576. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Martin EC, Qureshi AT, Dasa V, Freitas MA, Gimble JM and Davis TA: MicroRNA regulation of stem cell differentiation and diseases of the bone and adipose tissue: Perspectives on miRNA biogenesis and cellular transcriptome. Biochimie. 124:98–111. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Tornero-Esteban P, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Abasolo L, Tomé M, López-Romero P, Herranz E, González MA, Marco F, Moro E, Fernández-Gutiérrez B and Lamas JR: Signature of microRNA expression during osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs reveals a putative role of miR-335-5p in osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 16:1822015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Xie F, Zhou B, Wang J, Liu T, Wu X, Fang R, Kang Y and Dai R: Microstructural properties of trabecular bone autografts: Comparison of men and women with and without osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos. 13:182018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Lu J, Yang J, Zheng Y, Chen X and Fang S: Extracellular vesicles from endothelial progenitor cells prevent steroid-induced osteoporosis by suppressing the ferroptotic pathway in mouse osteoblasts based on bioinformatics evidence. Sci Rep. 9:161302019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Zhang F, Cao K, Du G, Zhang Q and Yin Z: MiR-29a promotes osteoblast proliferation by downregulating DKK-1 expression and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Adv Clin Exp Med. 28:1293–1300. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Ye W, Wang Y, Mei B, Hou S, Liu X, Wu G, Qin L, Zhao K and Huang Q: Computational and functional characterization of four SNPs in the SOST locus associated with osteoporosis. Bone. 108:132–144. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Tang X, Lin J, Wang G and Lu J: MicroRNA-433-3p promotes osteoblast differentiation through targeting DKK1 expression. PLoS One. 12:e01798602017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Zhang J, Tu Q, Bonewald LF, He X, Stein G, Lian J and Chen J: Effects of miR-335-5p in modulating osteogenic differentiation by specifically downregulating Wnt antagonist DKK1. J Bone Miner Res. 26:1953–1963. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Zhang X, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Liu J, Sun T, Li D, Na Q, Xian CJ, Wang L and Teng Z: MiR-542-3p prevents ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats via targeting SFRP1. J Cell Physiol. 233:6798–6806. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Li K, Chen S, Cai P, Chen K, Li L, Yang X, Yi J, Luo X, Du Y and Zheng H: MiRNA-483-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis by promoting osteoclast differentiation. Mol Cell Probes. 49:1014792020. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Rahmanzadeh R, Huttmann G, Gerdes J and Scholzen T: Chromophore-assisted light inactivation of pKi-67 leads to inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis. Cell Prolif. 40:422–430. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Scholzen T and Gerdes J: The Ki-67 protein: From the known and the unknown. J Cell Physiol. 182:311–322. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Boatright KM and Salvesen GS: Mechanisms of caspase-activation. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 15:725–731. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Ghavami S, Hashemi M, Ande SR, Yeganeh B, Xiao W, Eshraghi M, Bus CJ, Kadkhoda K, Wiechec E, Halayko AJ and Los M: Apoptosis and cancer: Mutations within caspasegenes. J Med Genet. 46:497–510. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Franceschi RT, Ge C, Xiao G, Roca H and Jiang D: Transcriptional regulation of osteoblasts. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1116:196–207. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Ren H, Ren H, Li X, Yu D, Mu S, Chen Z and Fu Q: Effects of intermedin on proliferation, apoptosis and the expression of OPG/RANKL/M-CSF in the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell line. Mol Med Rep. 12:6711–6717. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Sharma G, Sharma AR, Seo EM and Nam JS: Genetic polymorphism in extracellular regulators of Wnt signaling pathway. Biomed Res Int. 2015:8475292015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Kawano Y and Kypta R: Secreted antagonists of the Wnt signal-ling pathway. J Cell Sci. 116:2627–2634. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Caraci F, Busceti C, Biagioni F, Aronica E, Mastroiacovo F, Cappuccio I, Battaglia G, Bruno V, Caricasole A, Copani A and Nicoletti F: The Wnt antagonist, Dickkopf-1, as a target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Res. 33:2401–2406. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Veeck J and Dahl E: Targeting the Wnt pathway in cancer: The emerging role of Dickkopf-3. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1825:18–28. 2012.

39 

Zorn AM: Wnt signalling: Antagonistic dickkopfs. Curr Biol. 11:R592–R595. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Chan TF, Couchourel D, Abed E, Delalandre A, Duval N and Lajeunesse D: Elevated Dickkopf-2 levels contribute to the abnormal phenotype of human osteoarthritic osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res. 26:1399–1410. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhou B, Peng K, Wang G, Chen W, Liu P, Chen F and Kang Y: miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 46: 1571-1581, 2020.
APA
Zhou, B., Peng, K., Wang, G., Chen, W., Liu, P., Chen, F., & Kang, Y. (2020). miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 46, 1571-1581. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4694
MLA
Zhou, B., Peng, K., Wang, G., Chen, W., Liu, P., Chen, F., Kang, Y."miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 46.4 (2020): 1571-1581.
Chicago
Zhou, B., Peng, K., Wang, G., Chen, W., Liu, P., Chen, F., Kang, Y."miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 46, no. 4 (2020): 1571-1581. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4694
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhou B, Peng K, Wang G, Chen W, Liu P, Chen F and Kang Y: miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 46: 1571-1581, 2020.
APA
Zhou, B., Peng, K., Wang, G., Chen, W., Liu, P., Chen, F., & Kang, Y. (2020). miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 46, 1571-1581. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4694
MLA
Zhou, B., Peng, K., Wang, G., Chen, W., Liu, P., Chen, F., Kang, Y."miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 46.4 (2020): 1571-1581.
Chicago
Zhou, B., Peng, K., Wang, G., Chen, W., Liu, P., Chen, F., Kang, Y."miR‑483‑3p promotes the osteogenesis of human osteoblasts by targeting Dikkopf 2 (DKK2) and the Wnt signaling pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 46, no. 4 (2020): 1571-1581. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4694
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team