Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
April-2021 Volume 47 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2021 Volume 47 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Long non‑coding RNA ASAP1‑IT1 suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling

  • Authors:
    • Ke Wang
    • Yu-Bo Hu
    • Ye Zhao
    • Cong Ye
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China, Department of Anesthesiology, The China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China, Department of Dermatology, The China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 44
    |
    Published online on: February 8, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4877
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non‑protein coding transcripts that are involved in the regulation of gene expression in mammalian cells. Transcriptional co‑activator Yes associated protein 1 (YAP1) plays a key role in the progression of ovarian cancer. However, the regulation of Hippo/YAP signaling in ovarian cancer remains elusive. In the present study, the expression levels of lncRNA ASAP1‑IT1 were investigated. The analysis indicated that lncRNA ASAP1‑IT1 expression was downregulated in ovarian tumor samples and ovarian cancer cells. The overexpression of ASAP1‑IT1 inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR‑2278, a previously reported upregulated miRNA in ovarian tumors, may bind to ASAP1‑IT1. Dual luciferase assay confirmed the direct regulatory association between ASAP1‑IT1 and miR‑2278. In addition, the data demonstrated that large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) was a target gene of miR‑2278, whose expression was upregulated by ASAP1‑IT1 in ovarian cancer cells. By regulating the expression of LATS2, ASAP1‑IT1 induced the downregulation of YAP1 expression in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, the silencing of LATS2 attenuated the inhibition of cell proliferation and the apoptosis induced by ASAP1‑IT1 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells. The association among the expression levels of ASAP1‑IT1, miR‑2278 and LATS2 was observed in specimens obtained from patients with ovarian cancer. Taken together, the data presented herein demonstrate that ASAP1‑IT1 functions as a potential tumor suppressor lncRNA by upregulating LATS2 expression in ovarian cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 68:394–424. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Prat J: New insights into ovarian cancer pathology. Ann Oncol. 23(Suppl 10): x111–x117. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Lheureux S, Gourley C, Vergote I and Oza AM: Epithelial ovarian cancer. Lancet. 393:1240–1253. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Castro-Oropeza R, Melendez-Zajgla J, Maldonado V and Vazquez-Santillan K: The emerging role of lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 41:585–603. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Salmena L, Poliseno L, Tay Y, Kats L and Pandolfi PP: A ceRNA hypothesis: The rosetta stone of a hidden RNA language? Cell. 146:353–358. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Zhang X, Hamblin MH and Yin KJ: The long noncoding RNA malat1: Its physiological and pathophysiological functions. RNA Biol. 14:1705–1714. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Peng WX, Koirala P and Mo YY: LncRNA-mediated regulation of cell signaling in cancer. Oncogene. 36:5661–5667. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Mitra R, Chen X, Greenawalt EJ, Maulik U, Jiang W, Zhao Z and Eischen CM: Decoding critical long non-coding RNA in ovarian cancer epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Nat Commun. 8:16042017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Wu DD, Chen X, Sun KX, Wang LL, Chen S and Zhao Y: Role of the lncRNA ABHD11-AS1 in the tumorigenesis and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer through targeted regulation of RhoC. Mol Cancer. 16:1382017. View Article : Google Scholar :

10 

Yang L, Xue Y, Liu J, Zhuang J, Shen L, Shen B, Yan J and Guo H: Long noncoding RNA ASAP1-IT1 promotes cancer stemness and predicts a poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. Neoplasma. 64:847–855. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Fu Y, Biglia N, Wang Z, Shen Y, Risch HA, Lu L, Canuto EM, Jia W, Katsaros D and Yu H: Long non-coding RNAs, ASAP1-IT1, FAM215A, and LINC00472, in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 143:642–649. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Yu FX, Zhao B, Panupinthu N, Jewell JL, Lian I, Wang LH, Zhao J, Yuan H, Tumaneng K, Li H, et al: Regulation of the Hippo-YAP pathway by G-protein-coupled receptor signaling. Cell. 150:780–791. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Overholtzer M, Zhang J, Smolen GA, Muir B, Li W, Sgroi DC, Deng CX, Brugge JS and Haber DA: Transforming properties of YAP, a candidate oncogene on the chromosome 11q22 amplicon. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103:12405–12410. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Pan Y, Tong JHM, Lung RWM, Kang W, Kwan JSH, Chak WP, Tin KY, Chung LY, Wu F, Ng SSM, et al: RASAL2 promotes tumor progression through LATS2/YAP1 axis of hippo signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer. 17:1022018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Dong L, Lin F, Wu W, Liu Y and Huang W: Verteporfin inhibits YAP-induced bladder cancer cell growth and invasion via Hippo signaling pathway. Int J Med Sci. 15:645–652. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Yu S, Cai X, Wu C, Wu L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yu Z, Qin S, Ma F, Thiery JP and Chen L: Adhesion glycoprotein CD44 functions as an upstream regulator of a network connecting ERK, AKT and Hippo-YAP pathways in cancer progression. Oncotarget. 6:2951–2965. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Yan H, Li H, Silva MA, Guan Y, Yang L, Zhu L, Zhang Z, Li G and Ren C: LncRNA FLVCR1-AS1 mediates miR-513/YAP1 signaling to promote cell progression, migration, invasion and EMT process in ovarian cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 38:3562019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Yan H, Li H, Li P, Li X, Lin J, Zhu L, Silva MA, Wang X, Wang P and Zhang Z: Long noncoding RNA MLK7-AS1 promotes ovarian cancer cells progression by modulating miR-375/YAP1 axis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 37:2372018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Guo C, Wang X and Liang L: LATS2-mediated YAP1 phosphorylation is involved in HCC tumorigenesis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 8:1690–1697. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Guo Y, Cui J, Ji Z, Cheng C, Zhang K, Zhang C, Chu M, Zhao Q, Yu Z, Zhang Y, et al: miR-302/367/LATS2/YAP pathway is essential for prostate tumor-propagating cells and promotes the development of castration resistance. Oncogene. 36:6336–6347. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Xia Y and Gao Y: MicroRNA-181b promotes ovarian cancer cell growth and invasion by targeting LATS2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 447:446–451. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Chen Y and Wang X: miRDB: An online database for prediction of functional microRNA targets. Nucleic Acids Res. 48(D1): D127–D131. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar :

24 

Agarwal V, Bell GW, Nam JW and Bartel DP: Predicting effective microRNA target sites in mammalian mRNAs. Elife. 4:e050052015. View Article : Google Scholar :

25 

Cordenonsi M, Zanconato F, Azzolin L, Forcato M, Rosato A, Frasson C, Inui M, Montagner M, Parenti AR, Poletti A, et al: The Hippo transducer TAZ confers cancer stem cell-related traits on breast cancer cells. Cell. 147:759–772. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Melhem A, Yamada SD, Fleming GF, Delgado B, Brickley DR, Wu W, Kocherginsky M and Conzen SD: Administration of glucocorticoids to ovarian cancer patients is associated with expression of the anti-apoptotic genes SGK1 and MKP1/DUSP1 in ovarian tissues. Clin Cancer Res. 15:3196–3204. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Li R, Wang Y, Xu Y, He X and Li Y: Silencing the long noncoding RNA, TINCR, a molecular sponge of miR335, inhibits the malignant phenotype of epithelial ovarian cancer via FGF2 suppression. Int J Oncol. 55:1110–1124. 2019.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Llaurado M, Abal M, Castellvi J, Cabrera S, Gil-Moreno A, Pérez-Benavente A, Colás E, Doll A, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X, et al: ETV5 transcription factor is overexpressed in ovarian cancer and regulates cell adhesion in ovarian cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 130:1532–1543. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Todeschini P, Salviato E, Paracchini L, Ferracin M, Petrillo M, Zanotti L, Tognon G, Gambino A, Calura E, Caratti G, et al: Circulating miRNA landscape identifies miR-1246 as promising diagnostic biomarker in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: A validation across two independent cohorts. Cancer Lett. 388:320–327. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Li J, Yang C, Li Y, Chen A, Li L and You Z: LncRNA GAS5 suppresses ovarian cancer by inducing inflammasome formation. Biosci Rep. 38:BSR201711502018. View Article : Google Scholar :

31 

An J, Lv W and Zhang Y: LncRNA NEAT1 contributes to paclitaxel resistance of ovarian cancer cells by regulating ZEB1 expression via miR-194. Onco Targets Ther. 10:5377–5390. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Hanahan D and Weinberg RA: Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation. Cell. 144:646–674. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Muller T, Stein U, Poletti A, Garzia L, Rothley M, Plaumann D, Thiele W, Bauer M, Galasso A, Schlag P, et al: ASAP1 promotes tumor cell motility and invasiveness, stimulates metastasis formation in vivo, and correlates with poor survival in colorectal cancer patients. Oncogene. 29:2393–2403. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Zhang L, Shi SB, Zhu Y, Qian TT and Wang HL: Long non-coding RNA ASAP1-IT1 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis through the PTEN/AKT signaling axis in non-small cell lung cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 22:142–149. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

35 

Guo L, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Sun H, Wang Y and Qu Y: LncRNA ASAP1-IT1 positively modulates the development of cholangiocarcinoma via hedgehog signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 103:167–173. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Wang Y, Justilien V, Brennan KI, Jamieson L, Murray NR and Fields AP: PKCiota regulates nuclear YAP1 localization and ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. Oncogene. 36:534–545. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

He C, Lv X, Huang C, Hua G, Ma B, Chen X, Angeletti PC, Dong J, Zhou J, Wang Z, et al: YAP1-LATS2 feedback loop dictates senescent or malignant cell fate to maintain tissue homeostasis. EMBO Rep. 20:e449482019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang K, Hu Y, Zhao Y and Ye C: Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling. Int J Mol Med 47: 44, 2021.
APA
Wang, K., Hu, Y., Zhao, Y., & Ye, C. (2021). Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 47, 44. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4877
MLA
Wang, K., Hu, Y., Zhao, Y., Ye, C."Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 47.4 (2021): 44.
Chicago
Wang, K., Hu, Y., Zhao, Y., Ye, C."Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 47, no. 4 (2021): 44. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4877
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang K, Hu Y, Zhao Y and Ye C: Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling. Int J Mol Med 47: 44, 2021.
APA
Wang, K., Hu, Y., Zhao, Y., & Ye, C. (2021). Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 47, 44. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4877
MLA
Wang, K., Hu, Y., Zhao, Y., Ye, C."Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 47.4 (2021): 44.
Chicago
Wang, K., Hu, Y., Zhao, Y., Ye, C."Long non‑coding RNA <em>ASAP1‑IT1</em> suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating Hippo/YAP signaling". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 47, no. 4 (2021): 44. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4877
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team