Open Access

Role of vitamins in the development and treatment of osteoporosis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Mingze Jiang
    • Genghan Li
    • Keda Yang
    • Lin Tao
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  • Published online on: May 12, 2025     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5550
  • Article Number: 109
  • Copyright: © Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Osteoporosis has escalated into a pressing public health challenge amidst global demographic aging. Conventional diagnostic approaches and therapeutic interventions demonstrate growing limitations in both risk stratification and epidemiological control. In this context, serological monitoring and targeted nutrient supplementation emerge as promising preventive strategies. Vitamins, fundamental regulators of cellular homeostasis, demonstrate particular significance in bone remodeling processes. The present comprehensive review elucidates the pathophysiological mechanisms through which specific vitamins differentially modulate osteoblastic activity and osteoclastic regulation, summarizing contemporary evidence from the molecular to clinical research levels. While vitamin A exhibits dual effects, other vitamins predominantly show positive impacts on bone homeostasis. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key pathological changes associated with osteoporosis. Vitamins play a protective role by enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, activating antioxidant pathways and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, thereby mitigating these conditions. Serum vitamin concentrations exhibit significant correlations with bone mineral density alterations and osteoporosis progression, providing predictive biomarkers for fracture risk assessment. However, serum vitamin profiles exhibit marked heterogeneity across osteoporosis risk strata, necessitating population‑specific therapeutic protocols. Precision‑adjusted supplementation strategies effectively attenuate pathological bone resorption while preserving physiological remodeling homeostasis. The present review systematically delineates the therapeutic potential of vitamins in osteoporotic management, underscoring the necessity for evidence‑based precision nutrient protocols tailored to at‑risk populations to prevent disease progression.
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July-2025
Volume 56 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Jiang M, Li G, Yang K and Tao L: Role of vitamins in the development and treatment of osteoporosis (Review). Int J Mol Med 56: 109, 2025.
APA
Jiang, M., Li, G., Yang, K., & Tao, L. (2025). Role of vitamins in the development and treatment of osteoporosis (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 56, 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5550
MLA
Jiang, M., Li, G., Yang, K., Tao, L."Role of vitamins in the development and treatment of osteoporosis (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 56.1 (2025): 109.
Chicago
Jiang, M., Li, G., Yang, K., Tao, L."Role of vitamins in the development and treatment of osteoporosis (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 56, no. 1 (2025): 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5550