Open Access

Insight into microbial extracellular vesicles as key communication materials and their clinical implications for lung cancer (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jeong Yun Jang
    • Ji Hoon Seo
    • Jae Jun Choi
    • Hyun Jin Ryu
    • Hyunjun Yun
    • Dong Myeong Ha
    • Jinho Yang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 3, 2025     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5560
  • Article Number: 119
  • Copyright: © Jang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The complexity of lung cancer, driven by multifactorial causes such as genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors, underscores the necessity for tailored treatment strategies informed by recent advancements. Studies highlight a significant association between the lung microbiome and lung cancer, with dysbiosis potentially contributing to disease development via inflammation, immune response alterations and bacterial metabolite production. Furthermore, exposure to airborne bacteria may influence lung health by introducing pathogenic species or altering the human microbiome, thereby implicating certain dominant airborne bacteria in lung diseases, including the exacerbation of lung cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) facilitate cell‑to‑cell communication, penetrating mucosal barriers to impact various organs, notably the lung. Epidemiological evidence suggests a strong relationship between the presence of microbial EVs (MEVs) in the air and chronic pulmonary diseases, with indications of a potential risk for lung cancer. MEVs play a significant role in pulmonary disease development by inducing airway inflammation and affecting lung function. The microbiome and MEVs offer considerable potential as novel tools in precision medicine for lung cancer. Biological data analysis and artificial intelligence technology advancements are pivotal for fully realizing their diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. These developments can potentially shape the future landscape of lung cancer diagnostics, therapeutics and prevention strategies.
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August-2025
Volume 56 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Jang J, Seo J, Choi J, Ryu H, Yun H, Ha D and Yang J: Insight into microbial extracellular vesicles as key communication materials and their clinical implications for lung cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 56: 119, 2025.
APA
Jang, J., Seo, J., Choi, J., Ryu, H., Yun, H., Ha, D., & Yang, J. (2025). Insight into microbial extracellular vesicles as key communication materials and their clinical implications for lung cancer (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 56, 119. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5560
MLA
Jang, J., Seo, J., Choi, J., Ryu, H., Yun, H., Ha, D., Yang, J."Insight into microbial extracellular vesicles as key communication materials and their clinical implications for lung cancer (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 56.2 (2025): 119.
Chicago
Jang, J., Seo, J., Choi, J., Ryu, H., Yun, H., Ha, D., Yang, J."Insight into microbial extracellular vesicles as key communication materials and their clinical implications for lung cancer (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 56, no. 2 (2025): 119. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5560