Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
August 2012 Volume 41 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August 2012 Volume 41 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells

  • Authors:
    • Young Il Kim
    • Jaejun Shim
    • Byung-Ho Kim
    • Sung Jae Lee
    • Ha Kyu Lee
    • Chunghee Cho
    • Byung-Nam Cho
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 130‑872, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 130‑872, Republic of Korea, Department of Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea, Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
  • Pages: 690-700
    |
    Published online on: May 10, 2012
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1472
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Although inhibin was first identified as a hormone regulating pituitary FSH secretion, it was later recognized to act as a tumor suppressor in the gonad and adrenal glands. Recently, the alpha subunit of this dimeric hormone (inhibin‑α) was reported to be involved in prostate tumorigenesis. To identify additional roles outside the reproductive axis, we investigated inhibin‑α gene activity and subsequent cell fate in human gastric cancer cells. The results were as follows: all the gastric cancer cells had at least one of a set of abnormalities including hypermethylation of the promoter, mutation of the 5'‑UTR or allelic imbalance including LOH in the inhibin‑α gene. Hypermethylation of the promoter and mutation of the 5'‑UTR in inhibin‑α were observed in SNU‑1, SNU‑5 and SNU‑484 cells. LOH was observed in AGS, KATO III, SNU‑5, SNU‑484 and SNU‑668 cells. Treatment with 5‑AzaC, a demethylating agent, induced demethylation of the inhibin‑α promoter in the SNU‑1, SNU‑5 and SNU‑484 cell lines, with the CpG5 site being strongly influenced by 5‑AzaC. In addition, inhibin‑α mRNA and protein were maintained at low levels in most of the gastric cancer cell lines. These low levels of mRNA and protein expression could be increased in most lines by treatment with 5‑AzaC. These increased inhibin‑α expression levels seemed to be closely associated with apoptosis and suppression of cell growth. Taken together, our results reveal that the inhibin‑α gene is transcriptionally silenced in human gastric cancer cells, and that reactivation of the gene suppresses their growth characteristics. This suggests that inhibin‑α may have a more general tumor suppressor activity outside the reproductive axis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Ying SY: Inhibins and activins: chemical properties and biological activity. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 186:253–264. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Ying SY: Inhibins, activins, follistatins: gonadal proteins modulating the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone. Endocr Rev. 9:267–293. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Robertson DM, Giacometti M, Foulds LM, Lahnstein J, Goss NH, Hearn MTW and de Kretser DM: Isolation of inhibin α-subunit precursor proteins from bovine follicular fluid. Endocrinology. 125:2141–2149. 1989.

4 

Hotten G, Neidhardt H, Schneider C and Pohl J: Cloning of a new member of the TGF-β family: a putative new activin βC chain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 206:608–613. 1995.

5 

Oda S, Nishimatsu S, Murakami K and Ueno N: Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a new activin β subunit: a dorsal mesoderm-inducing activity in Xenopus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 210:581–588. 1995.

6 

Fang J, Yin W, Smiley E, Wang SQ and Bonadio J: Molecular cloning of the mouse activin βE subunit gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 228:669–674. 1996.

7 

de Kretser DM, Hedger MP, Loveland KL and Phillips DJ: Inhibins, activins and follistatin in reproduction. Hum Reprod Update. 8:529–541. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Findlay JK, Drummond AE, Dyson ML, Baillie AJ, Robertson DM and Ethier JF: Recruitment and development of the follicle; the roles of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 191:35–43. 2002.

9 

Juengel JL and McNatty KP: The role of proteins of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily in the intraovarian regulation of follicular development. Hum Reprod Update. 11:144–161. 2005.

10 

Knight PG and Glister C: TGF-β superfamily members and ovarian follicle development. Reproduction. 132:191–206. 2006.

11 

Chand AL, Ooi GT, Harrison CA, Shelling AN and Robertson DM: Functional analysis of the human inhibin α subunit variant A257T and its potential role in premature ovarian failure. Hum Reprod. 22:3241–3248. 2007.

12 

Welt CK, Taylor AE, Fox J, Messerlian GM, Adams JM and Schneyer AL: Follicular arrest in polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with deficient inhibin A and B biosynthesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90:5582–5587. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Hamar BD, Buhimschi IA, Sfakianaki AK, Pettker CM, Magloire LK, Funai EF, Copel JA and Buhimschi CS: Serum and urine inhibin A but not free activin A are endocrine biomarkers of severe pre-eclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 195:1636–1645. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Tsigkou A, Marrelli D, Reis FM, et al: Total inhibin is a potential serum marker for epithelial ovarian cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 92:2526–2531. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Tsigkou A, Luisi S, Reis FM and Petraglia F: Inhibins as diagnostic markers in human reproduction. Adv Clin Chem. 45:1–29. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Cho BN, McMullen ML, Pei L, Yates CJ and Mayo KE: Reproductive deficiencies in transgenic mice expressing the rat inhibin α-subunit gene. Endocrinology. 142:4994–5004. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Ahn JM, Jung HK, Cho C, Choi D, Mayo KE and Cho BN: Changes in the reproductive functions of mice due to injection of a plasmid expressing an inhibin α-subunit into muscle: a transient transgenic model. Mol Cell. 18:79–86. 2004.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Luisi S, Florio P, Reis FM and Petraglia F: Inhibins in female and male reproductive physiology: role in gametogenesis, conception, implantation and early pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update. 11:123–135. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Risbridger GP, Schmitt JF and Robertson DM: Activins and inhibins in endocrine and other tumors. Endocr Rev. 22:836–858. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Matzuk MM, Finegold MJ, Su JG, Hsueh AJ and Bradley A: α-inhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice. Nature. 360:313–319. 1992.

21 

Matzuk MM and Bradley A: Identification and analysis of tumor suppressor genes using transgenic mouse models. Semin Cancer Biol. 5:37–45. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Matzuk MM, Finegold MJ, Mather JP, Krummen L, Lu H and Bradley A: Development of cancer cachexia-like syndrome and adrenal tumors in inhibin-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 91:8817–8821. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Schmitt JF, Millar DS, Pedersen JS, et al: Hypermethylation of the inhibin α-subunit gene in prostate carcinoma. Mol Endocrinol. 16:213–220. 2002.

24 

Balanathan P, Ball EMA, Wang H, Harris SE, Shelling AN and Risbridger GP: Epigenetic regulation of inhibin α-subunit gene in prostate cancer cell lines. J Mol Endocrinol. 32:55–67. 2004.

25 

Balanathan P, Williams ED, Wang H, et al: Elevated level of inhibin-α subunit is pro-tumourigenic and pro-metastatic and associated with extracapsular spread in advanced prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 100:1784–1793. 2009.

26 

Imai K, Khandoker MAM, Yonai M, et al: Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 activities in bovine follicular fluid of different-sized follicles: relationship to intra-follicular inhibin and steroid concentrations. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 24:171–183. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Jones RL, Findlay JK, Farnworth PG, Robertson DM, Wallace E and Salamonsen LA: Activin A and inhibin A differentially regulate human uterine matrix metalloproteinases: potential interactions during decidualization and trophoblast invasion. Endocrinology. 147:724–732. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Hempel N, How T, Dong M, Murphy SK, Fields TA and Blobe GC: Loss of betaglycan expression in ovarian cancer: role in motility and invasion. Cancer Res. 67:5231–5238. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Clark SJ, Harrison J, Paul CL and Frommer M: High sensitivity mapping of methylated cytosines. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:2990–2997. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Sundblad V, Chiauzzi VA, Andreone L, Campo S, Charreau EH and Dain L: Controversial role of inhibin α-subunit gene in the aetiology of premature ovarian failure. Hum Reprod. 21:1154–1160. 2006.

31 

Jones PA and Baylin SB: 2002.The fundamental role of epigenetic events in cancer. Nat Rev Genet. 3:415–428. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

32 

Song SH, Jong HS, Choi HH, Inoue H, Tanabe T, Kim NK and Bang YJ: Transcriptional silencing of cyclooxygenase-2 by hyper-methylation of the 5′ CpG island in human gastric carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 61:4628–4635. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

33 

Kuchler RJ: Development of animal cell populations in vitro. Biochemical Methods in Cell Culture and Virology. Kuchler RJ: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross Inc. Press; Stroudsburg, PA: pp. 90–113. 1977

34 

Garinis GA, Patrinos GP, Spanakis NE and Menounos PG: DNA hypermethylation: when tumour suppressor genes go silent. Hum Genet. 111:115–127. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Watson RH, Roy WJ, Davis M, Hitchcock A and Campbell IG: Loss of heterozygosity at the α-inhibin locus on chromosome 2q is not a feature of human granulosa cell tumors. Gynecol Oncol. 65:387–390. 1997.

36 

Marozzi A, Porta C, Vegetti W, Crosignani PG, Tibiletti MG, Dalpra L and Ginelli E: Mutation analysis of the inhibin alpha gene in a cohort of Italian women affected by ovarian failure. Hum Reprod. 17:1741–1745. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Stenvers KL and Findlay JK: Inhibins: from reproductive hormones to tumor suppressors. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 21:174–180. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Barton DE, Yang-Feng TL, Mason AJ, Seeburg PH and Francke U: Mapping of genes for inhibin subunits α, βA, and βB on human and mouse chromosomes and studies of jsd mice. Genomics. 5:91–99. 1898.

39 

Mellor SL, Richards MG, Pedersen JS, Robertson DM and Risbridger GP: Loss of the expression and localization of inhibin α-subunit in high grade prostate cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 83:969–975. 1998.

40 

Vitale AM, Gonzalez OM, Parborell F, Irusta G, Campo S and Tesone M: Inhibin A increases apoptosis in early ovarian antral follicles of diethylstilbestrol-treated rats. Biol Reprod. 67:1989–1995. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Steller MD, Shaw TJ, Vanderhyden BC and Ethier JF: Inhibin resistance is associated with aggressive tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res. 3:50–61. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

42 

Geng LY, Fang M, Yi JM, Jiang F, Moeen-ud-Din M and Yang LG: Effect of overexpression of inhibin α (1–32) fragment on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, apoptosis, steroidogenesis, and development of co-cultured oocytes. Theriogenology. 70:35–43. 2008.

43 

Myers M, Middlebrook BS, Matzuk MM and Pangas SA: Loss of inhibin alpha uncouples oocyte-granulosa cell dynamics and disrupts postnatal folliculogenesis. Dev Biol. 334:458–467. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Oka M, Meacham AM, Hamazaki T, Rodić N, Chang LJ and Terada N: De novo DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b primarily mediate the cytotoxic effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. Oncogene. 24:3091–3099. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Fulda S and Debatin KM: 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine and IFN-γ cooperate to sensitize for TRAIL-induced apoptosis by upregulating caspase-8. Oncogene. 25:5125–5133. 2006.

46 

Valdez BC, Li Y, Murray D, Corn P, Champlin RE and Andersson BS: 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine sensitizes busulfan-resistant myeloid leukemia cells by regulating expression of genes involved in cell cycle checkpoint and apoptosis. Leuk Res. 34:364–372. 2010.

47 

Hanahan D and Weinberg RA: Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 144:646–674. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kim YI, Shim J, Kim B, Lee S , Lee HK, Cho C and Cho B: Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 41: 690-700, 2012.
APA
Kim, Y.I., Shim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. ., Lee, H.K., Cho, C., & Cho, B. (2012). Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells. International Journal of Oncology, 41, 690-700. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1472
MLA
Kim, Y. I., Shim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. ., Lee, H. K., Cho, C., Cho, B."Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells". International Journal of Oncology 41.2 (2012): 690-700.
Chicago
Kim, Y. I., Shim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. ., Lee, H. K., Cho, C., Cho, B."Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells". International Journal of Oncology 41, no. 2 (2012): 690-700. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1472
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kim YI, Shim J, Kim B, Lee S , Lee HK, Cho C and Cho B: Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 41: 690-700, 2012.
APA
Kim, Y.I., Shim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. ., Lee, H.K., Cho, C., & Cho, B. (2012). Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells. International Journal of Oncology, 41, 690-700. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1472
MLA
Kim, Y. I., Shim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. ., Lee, H. K., Cho, C., Cho, B."Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells". International Journal of Oncology 41.2 (2012): 690-700.
Chicago
Kim, Y. I., Shim, J., Kim, B., Lee, S. ., Lee, H. K., Cho, C., Cho, B."Transcriptional silencing of the inhibin-α gene in human gastric carcinoma cells". International Journal of Oncology 41, no. 2 (2012): 690-700. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1472
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team