Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
March 2013 Volume 42 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March 2013 Volume 42 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway

  • Authors:
    • Chong-Zhi Wang
    • Tyler D. Calway
    • Xiao-Dong Wen
    • Jacob Smith
    • Chunhao  Yu
    • Yunwei Wang
    • Sangeeta R. Mehendale
    • Chun-Su Yuan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
  • Pages: 1018-1026
    |
    Published online on: January 16, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1777
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Scutellaria baicalensis extract (SbE) has been shown to exert chemopreventive effects on several types of cancer. Baicalin, a hydrophilic flavonoid found in SbE, may have opposing effects that decrease the antitumor potential of SbE against colorectal cancer. In this study, after removing baicalin, we prepared an aglycone-rich fraction (ARF) of SbE and evaluated its anti-proliferative activity and mechanisms of action. The flavonoids found in ARF, baicalin fraction (BF) and SbE were determined by high-performance liquid chromato­graphy (HPLC). The effects of ARF, BF, SbE and representative flavonoids on the proliferation of HCT-116 and HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells were determined by an MTS assay. The cell cycle, the expression of cyclins A and B1 and cell apoptosis were assayed using flow cytometry. Apoptosis-related gene expression was visualized by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and mitochondrial membrane potential was estimated following staining with JC-1. HPLC analysis showed that ARF contained two hydrophobic flavonoids, baicalein and wogonin, and that BF contained only baicalin. SbE had little anti-proliferative effect on the colorectal cancer cells; cancer cell growth was even observed at certain concentrations. ARF exerted potent anti-proliferative effects on the cancer cells. By contrast, BF increased cancer cell growth. ARF arrested cells in the S and G2/M phases, increased the expression of cyclins A and B1, and significantly induced cell apoptosis. Multiple genes in the mitochondrial pathway are involved in ARF-induced apoptosis, and subsequent cellular functional analysis validated the involvement of this pathway. These results suggest that removing baicalin from SbE produces an ARF that significantly inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer cells, and that the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway plays a role in hydrophobic flavonoid-induced apoptosis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J, et al: Cancer statistics, 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 60:277–300. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Newman DJ and Cragg GM: Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 70:461–477. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Cassileth B, Yeung KS and Gubili J: Herbs and other botanicals in cancer patient care. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 9:109–116. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Sengupta S, Toh SA, Sellers LA, et al: Modulating angiogenesis: the yin and the yang in ginseng. Circulation. 110:1219–1225. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Matthias A, Banbury L, Bone KM, et al: Echinacea alkylamides modulate induced immune responses in T-cells. Fitoterapia. 79:53–58. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Boyle SP, Doolan PJ, Andrews CE, et al: Evaluation of quality control strategies in Scutellaria herbal medicines. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 54:951–957. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Calway T, et al: Botanical flavonoids on coronary heart disease. Am J Chin Med. 39:661–671. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhen Z, Chang B, Li M, et al: Anti-diabetic effects of a Coptis chinensis containing new traditional Chinese medicine formula in type 2 diabetic rats. Am J Chin Med. 39:53–63. 2011.

9 

Park HJ, Lee YW, Park HH, et al: Induction of quinone reductase by a methanol extract of Scutellaria baicalensis and its flavonoids in murine Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Eur J Cancer Prev. 7:465–471. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Bonham M, Posakony J, Coleman I, et al: Characterization of chemical constituents in Scutellaria baicalensis with antiandrogenic and growth-inhibitory activities toward prostate carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 11:3905–3914. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Ye F, Xui L, Yi J, et al: Anticancer activity of Scutellaria baicalensis and its potential mechanism. J Altern Complement Med. 8:567–572. 2002.

12 

Goh D, Lee YH and Ong ES: Inhibitory effects of a chemically standardized extract from Scutellaria barbata in human colon cancer cell lines, LoVo. J Agric Food Chem. 53:8197–8204. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Kuntz S, Wenzel U and Daniel H: Comparative analysis of the effects of flavonoids on proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis in human colon cancer cell lines. Eur J Nutr. 38:133–142. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Po LS, Chen ZY, Tsang DS, et al: Baicalein and genistein display differential actions on estrogen receptor (ER) transactivation and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Cancer Lett. 187:33–40. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yam CH, Fung TK and Poon RY: Cyclin A in cell cycle control and cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci. 59:1317–1326. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Egloff AM, Vella LA and Finn OJ: Cyclin B1 and other cyclins as tumor antigens in immunosurveillance and immunotherapy of cancer. Cancer Res. 66:6–9. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Kobayashi S, Kajino S, Takahashi N, et al: 53BP2 induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial death pathway. Genes Cells. 10:253–260. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Takahashi N, Kobayashi S, Kajino S, et al: Inhibition of the 53BP2S-mediated apoptosis by nuclear factor kappaB and Bcl-2 family proteins. Genes Cells. 10:803–811. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Fiorucci G, Vannucchi S, Chiantore MV, et al: TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a pro-apoptotic signal transducer with cancer therapeutic potential. Curr Pharm Des. 11:933–944. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Cretney E, Shanker A, Yagita H, et al: TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand as a therapeutic agent in autoimmunity and cancer. Immunol Cell Biol. 84:87–98. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Majors BS, Betenbaugh MJ and Chiang GG: Links between metabolism and apoptosis in mammalian cells: applications for anti-apoptosis engineering. Metab Eng. 9:317–326. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Willis SN and Adams JM: Life in the balance: how BH3-only proteins induce apoptosis. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 17:617–625. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

DiGianni LM, Garber JE and Winer EP: Complementary and alternative medicine use among women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 20:S34–S38. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Tian JH, Liu LS, Shi ZM, et al: A randomized controlled pilot trial of ‘Feiji Recipe’ on quality of life of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Am J Chin Med. 38:15–25. 2010.

25 

Randhawa MA and Alghamdi MS: Anticancer activity of Nigella sativa (black seed) - a review. Am J Chin Med. 39:1075–1091. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Richardson MA and Straus SE: Complementary and alternative medicine: opportunities and challenges for cancer management and research. Semin Oncol. 29:531–545. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Olaku O and White JD: Herbal therapy use by cancer patients: a literature review on case reports. Eur J Cancer. 47:508–514. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Da Rocha AB, Lopes RM and Schwartsmann G: Natural products in anticancer therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 1:364–369. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Mann J: Natural products in cancer chemotherapy: past, present and future. Nat Rev Cancer. 2:143–148. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Lee KH: Novel antitumor agents from higher plants. Med Res Rev. 19:569–596. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ye F, Jiang S, Volshonok H, et al: Molecular mechanism of anti-prostate cancer activity of Scutellaria baicalensis extract. Nutr Cancer. 57:100–110. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Chen S, Ruan Q, Bedner E, et al: Effects of the flavonoid baicalin and its metabolite baicalein on androgen receptor expression, cell cycle progression and apoptosis of prostate cancer cell lines. Cell Prolif. 34:293–304. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Chang WH, Chen CH and Lu FJ: Different effects of baicalein, baicalin and wogonin on mitochondrial function, glutathione content and cell cycle progression in human hepatoma cell lines. Planta Med. 68:128–132. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Hong T, Jin GB, Cho S, et al: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of baicalein on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Planta Med. 68:268–271. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Christopher R, Dhiman A, Fox J, et al: Data-driven computer simulation of human cancer cell. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1020:132–153. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Tomida A, Yun J and Tsuruo T: Glucose-regulated stresses induce resistance to camptothecin in human cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 68:391–396. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Akhdar H, Loyer P, Rauch C, et al: Involvement of Nrf2 activation in resistance to 5-fluorouracil in human colon cancer HT-29 cells. Eur J Cancer. 45:2219–2227. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Qi LW, Wang CZ and Yuan CS: American ginseng: potential structure-function relationship in cancer chemoprevention. Biochem Pharmacol. 80:947–954. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang C, Calway TD, Wen X, Smith J, Yu C, Wang Y, Mehendale SR and Yuan C: Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway. Int J Oncol 42: 1018-1026, 2013.
APA
Wang, C., Calway, T.D., Wen, X., Smith, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y. ... Yuan, C. (2013). Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway. International Journal of Oncology, 42, 1018-1026. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1777
MLA
Wang, C., Calway, T. D., Wen, X., Smith, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y., Mehendale, S. R., Yuan, C."Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway". International Journal of Oncology 42.3 (2013): 1018-1026.
Chicago
Wang, C., Calway, T. D., Wen, X., Smith, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y., Mehendale, S. R., Yuan, C."Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway". International Journal of Oncology 42, no. 3 (2013): 1018-1026. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1777
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang C, Calway TD, Wen X, Smith J, Yu C, Wang Y, Mehendale SR and Yuan C: Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway. Int J Oncol 42: 1018-1026, 2013.
APA
Wang, C., Calway, T.D., Wen, X., Smith, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y. ... Yuan, C. (2013). Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway. International Journal of Oncology, 42, 1018-1026. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1777
MLA
Wang, C., Calway, T. D., Wen, X., Smith, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y., Mehendale, S. R., Yuan, C."Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway". International Journal of Oncology 42.3 (2013): 1018-1026.
Chicago
Wang, C., Calway, T. D., Wen, X., Smith, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y., Mehendale, S. R., Yuan, C."Hydrophobic flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway". International Journal of Oncology 42, no. 3 (2013): 1018-1026. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1777
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team