Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
March 2013 Volume 42 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March 2013 Volume 42 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells

  • Authors:
    • Chingju Lin
    • Shih-Chang Tsai
    • Michael T. Tseng
    • Shu-Fen Peng
    • Sheng-Chu Kuo
    • Meng-Wei Lin
    • Yuan-Man Hsu
    • Miau-Rong Lee
    • Sakae Amagaya
    • Wen-Wen Huang
    • Tian-Shung Wu
    • Jai-Sing Yang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA, Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare and Management, Taipei 23143, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biochemistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Kampo Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan, Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  • Pages: 993-1000
    |
    Published online on: January 23, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1791
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Baicalin is one of the major compounds in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of cell autophagy induced by baicalin in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Baicalin inhibited cell survival as shown by MTT assay and increased cell death by trypan blue exclusion assay in a concentration-dependent manner. Baicalin did not induce apoptotic cell death in T24 cells by TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assay. Baicalin induced the acidic vesicular organelle cell autophagy marker, manifested by acridine orange (AO) and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and cleavage of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). The protein expression levels of the Atg 5, Atg 7, Atg 12, Beclin-1 and LC3-II were upregulated in T24 cells after baicalin treatment. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyl-adenine (an inhibitor of class III phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; 3-MA) reduced the cleavage of LC3 in T24 cells after baicalin treatment. Furthermore, protein expression levels of phospho-AKT (Ser473) and enzyme activity of AKT were downregulated in T24 cells after baicalin treatment. In conclusion, baicalin triggered cell autophagy through the AKT signaling pathway in T24 cells.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

View References

1 

Golstein P and Kroemer G: Cell death by necrosis: towards a molecular definition. Trends Biochem Sci. 32:37–43. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Bustamante-Marin X, Quiroga C, Lavandero S, Reyes JG and Moreno RD: Apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy are influenced by metabolic energy sources in cultured rat spermatocytes. Apoptosis. 17:539–550. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Edinger AL and Thompson CB: Death by design: apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 16:663–669. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Mah LY and Ryan KM: Autophagy and cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 4:a0088212012.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Lockshin RA and Zakeri Z: Cell death in health and disease. J Cell Mol Med. 11:1214–1224. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Glick D, Barth S and Macleod KF: Autophagy: cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Pathol. 221:3–12. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Kaminskyy V and Zhivotovsky B: Proteases in autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1824:44–50. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Chen Y and Yu L: Autophagic lysosome reformation. Exp Cell Res. 19:142–146. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Mizushima N: The role of the Atg1/ULK1 complex in autophagy regulation. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 22:132–139. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Reggiori F: 1. Membrane origin for autophagy. Curr Top Dev Biol. 74:1–30. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Tanida I, Ueno T and Kominami E: LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 36:2503–2518. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Yang WL, Perillo W, Liou D, Marambaud P and Wang P: AMPK inhibitor compound C suppresses cell proliferation by induction of apoptosis and autophagy in human colorectal cancer cells. J Surg Oncol. 106:680–688. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Ge W, Guo R and Ren J: AMP-dependent kinase and autophagic flux are involved in aldehyde dehydrogenase-2-induced protection against cardiac toxicity of ethanol. Free Radic Biol Med. 51:1736–1748. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Wu Y, Li X, Zhu JX, et al: Resveratrol-activated AMPK/SIRT1/autophagy in cellular models of Parkinson’s disease. Neurosignals. 19:163–174. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Li ZY, Yang Y, Ming M and Liu B: Mitochondrial ROS generation for regulation of autophagic pathways in cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 414:5–8. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Dagda RK, Zhu J, Kulich SM and Chu CT: Mitochondrially localized ERK2 regulates mitophagy and autophagic cell stress: implications for Parkinson’s disease. Autophagy. 4:770–782. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Nishiyama Y, Shimada Y, Yokoi T, et al: Akt inactivation induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-independent autophagy in fibroblasts from patients with Pompe disease. Mol Genet Metab. 107:490–495. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Tsai SC, Yang JS, Peng SF, et al: Bufalin increases sensitivity to AKT/mTOR-induced autophagic cell death in SK-HEP-1 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol. 41:1431–1442. 2012.

19 

Chen J, Crawford R and Xiao Y: Vertical inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway for the treatment of osteoarthritis. J Cell Biochem. Aug 28–2012.(Epub ahead of print). View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Zeng T, Zhang CL, Song FY, et al: PI3K/Akt pathway activation was involved in acute ethanol-induced fatty liver in mice. Toxicology. 296:56–66. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Martelli AM, Evangelisti C, Follo MY, et al: Targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling network in cancer stem cells. Curr Med Chem. 18:2715–2726. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Hugel HM, Jackson N, May BH and Xue CC: Chinese herbs for dementia diseases. Mini Rev Med Chem. 12:371–379. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Chen S, Wu T, Kong X and Yuan H: Chinese medicinal herbs for measles. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Nov 9–2011.CD005531 View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Yuan Y, Shuai L, Chen S, Huang L, Qin S and Yang Z: Flavonoids and antioxidative enzymes in temperature-challenged roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Z Naturforsch C. 67:77–85. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Ma AT, Zhong XH, Liu ZM, et al: Protective effects of baicalin against bromocriptine induced abortion in mice. Am J Chin Med. 37:85–95. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Waisundara VY, Siu SY, Hsu A, Huang D and Tan BK: Baicalin upregulates the genetic expression of antioxidant enzymes in Type-2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Life Sci. 88:1016–1025. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Bing-Rong Z, Song-Liang J, Xiao EC, et al: Protective effect of the Baicalin against DNA damage induced by ultraviolet B irradiation to mouse epidermis. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 24:175–182. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Li HY, Hu J, Zhao S, et al: Comparative study of the effect of baicalin and its natural analogs on neurons with oxygen and glucose deprivation involving innate immune reaction of TLR2/TNFalpha. J Biomed Biotechnol. Mar 21–2012.(Epub). 267890 View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Cao Y, Mao X, Sun C, et al: Baicalin attenuates global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in gerbils via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic pathways. Brain Res Bull. 85:396–402. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

de Carvalho RS, Duarte FS and de Lima TC: Involvement of GABAergic non-benzodiazepine sites in the anxiolytic-like and sedative effects of the flavonoid baicalein in mice. Behav Brain Res. 221:75–82. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Zhu J, Wang J, Sheng Y, et al: Baicalin improves survival in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis via suppressing inflammatory response and lymphocyte apoptosis. PLoS One. 7:e355232012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Fu S, Sun C, Tao X and Ren Y: Anti-inflammatory effects of active constituents extracted from Chinese medicinal herbs against Propionibacterium acnes. Nat Prod Res. 26:1746–1749. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Chu ZY, Chu M and Teng Y: Effect of baicalin on in vivo anti-virus. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 32:2413–2415. 2007.(In Chinese).

34 

Kitamura K, Honda M, Yoshizaki H, et al: Baicalin, an inhibitor of HIV-1 production in vitro. Antiviral Res. 37:131–140. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Qiao H, Han H, Hong D, Ren Z, Chen Y and Zhou C: Protective effects of baicalin on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury by activating PPARgamma and inhibiting TGFbeta1. Pharm Biol. 49:38–45. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Hwang JM, Wang CJ, Chou FP, et al: Protective effect of baicalin on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced rat hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol. 79:102–109. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Chiu YW, Lin TH, Huang WS, et al: Baicalein inhibits the migration and invasive properties of human hepatoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 255:316–326. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Shieh DE, Cheng HY, Yen MH, Chiang LC and Lin CC: Baicalin-induced apoptosis is mediated by Bcl-2-dependent, but not p53-dependent, pathway in human leukemia cell lines. Am J Chin Med. 34:245–261. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Motoo Y and Sawabu N: Antitumor effects of saikosaponins, baicalin and baicalein on human hepatoma cell lines. Cancer Lett. 86:91–95. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Huang Y, Hu J, Zheng J, et al: Down-regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and induction of apoptosis in CA46 Burkitt lymphoma cells by baicalin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 31:482012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Chen WC, Kuo TH, Tzeng YS and Tsai YC: Baicalin induces apoptosis in SW620 human colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Molecules. 17:3844–3857. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Lee DH, Kim C, Zhang L and Lee YJ: Role of p53, PUMA, and Bax in wogonin-induced apoptosis in human cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 75:2020–2033. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Zheng J, Hu JD, Chen YY, et al: Baicalin induces apoptosis in leukemia HL-60/ADR cells via possible down-regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 13:1119–1124. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Lu HF, Hsueh SC, Ho YT, et al: ROS mediates baicalin-induced apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells through the expression of the Gadd153 and mitochondrial-dependent pathway. Anticancer Res. 27:117–125. 2007.

45 

Zhang X, Tang X, Liu H, Li L, Hou Q and Gao J: Autophagy induced by baicalin involves downregulation of CD147 in SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Oncol Rep. 27:1128–1134. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

46 

Huang WW, Yang JS, Pai SJ, et al: Bufalin induces G(0)/G(1) phase arrest through inhibiting the levels of cyclin D, cyclin E, CDK2 and CDK4, and triggers apoptosis via mitochondrial signaling pathway in T24 human bladder cancer cells. Mutat Res. 732:26–33. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Kim JY, Cho TJ, Woo BH, et al: Curcumin-induced autophagy contributes to the decreased survival of oral cancer cells. Arch Oral Biol. 57:1018–1025. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Munafo DB and Colombo MI: A novel assay to study autophagy: regulation of autophagosome vacuole size by amino acid deprivation. J Cell Sci. 114:3619–3629. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

49 

McCoy F, Hurwitz J, McTavish N, et al: Obatoclax induces Atg7-dependent autophagy independent of beclin-1 and BAX/BAK. Cell Death Dis. 1:e1082010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Barth S, Glick D and Macleod KF: Autophagy: assays and artifacts. J Pathol. 221:117–124. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Mizushima N and Yoshimori T: How to interpret LC3 immuno-blotting. Autophagy. 3:542–545. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Yu K, Gong Y, Lin Z and Cheng Y: Quantitative analysis and chromatographic fingerprinting for the quality evaluation of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi using capillary electrophoresis. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 43:540–548. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Zhou XQ, Liang H, Lu XH, Cai SQ, Wang B and Zhao YY: Flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis and their bioactivities. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. 41:578–584. 2009.(In Chinese).

54 

Liu B, Shi RB and Zhu LJ: HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids of Kushen Tang and its correlation to Scutellaria baicalensis and Sophora flavescens. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 32:1631–1634. 2007.(In Chinese).

55 

Kim YH, Jeong DW, Kim YC, Sohn DH, Park ES and Lee HS: Pharmacokinetics of baicalein, baicalin and wogonin after oral administration of a standardized extract of Scutellaria baicalensis, PF-2405 in rats. Arch Pharm Res. 30:260–265. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Hirunuma M, Shoyama Y, Sasaki K, et al: Flavone-catalyzed apoptosis in Scutellaria baicalensis. Phytochemistry. 72:752–760. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Choi J, Conrad CC, Malakowsky CA, Talent JM, Yuan CS and Gracy RW: Flavones from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi attenuate apoptosis and protein oxidation in neuronal cell lines. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1571:201–210. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Pan TL, Wang PW, Leu YL, Wu TH and Wu TS: Inhibitory effects of Scutellaria baicalensis extract on hepatic stellate cells through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and activating ERK-dependent apoptosis via Bax and caspase pathway. J Ethnopharmacol. 139:829–837. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

59 

Li HB, Jiang Y and Chen F: Separation methods used for Scutellaria baicalensis active components. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 812:277–290. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Wang S, Zheng Z, Weng Y, et al: Angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chinese medicinal herbal extracts. Life Sci. 74:2467–2478. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Zhu H, Wang Z, Xing Y, et al: Baicalin reduces the permeability of the blood-brain barrier during hypoxia in vitro by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 141:714–720. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

62 

Hu Q, Noor M, Wong YF, et al: In vitro anti-fibrotic activities of herbal compounds and herbs. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 24:3033–3041. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63 

Yang BL, Chen HJ, Chen YG, et al: Inhibitory effects of baicalin on orthotopic xenografts of colorectal cancer cells that are deficient in a mismatch repair gene in nude mice. Int J Colorectal Dis. Aug 23–2012.(Epub ahead of print).

64 

Ren X, Li CL, Wang HX, et al: Molecular mechanism of HL-60 cell apoptosis induced by baicalin. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 20:847–851. 2012.(In Chinese).

65 

Carew JS, Kelly KR and Nawrocki ST: Autophagy as a target for cancer therapy: new developments. Cancer Manag Res. 4:357–365. 2012.

66 

Goussetis DJ, Altman JK, Glaser H, McNeer JL, Tallman MS and Platanias LC: Autophagy is a critical mechanism for the induction of the antileukemic effects of arsenic trioxide. J Biol Chem. 285:29989–29997. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Wang N, Feng Y, Zhu M, et al: Berberine induces autophagic cell death and mitochondrial apoptosis in liver cancer cells: the cellular mechanism. J Cell Biochem. 111:1426–1436. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

68 

Filomeni G, Desideri E, Cardaci S, et al: Carcinoma cells activate AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent autophagy as survival response to kaempferol-mediated energetic impairment. Autophagy. 6:202–216. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

69 

Shahjee HM, Koch KR, Guo L, Zhang CO and Keay SK: Antiproliferative factor decreases Akt phosphorylation and alters gene expression via CKAP4 in T24 bladder carcinoma cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 29:1602010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

70 

Chen M, Cassidy A, Gu J, et al: Genetic variations in PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and bladder cancer risk. Carcinogenesis. 30:2047–2052. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Champelovier P, El Atifi M, Mantel F, et al: In vitro tumoral progression of human bladder carcinoma: role for TGFbeta. Eur Urol. 48:846–851. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Stueckle TA, Lu Y, Davis ME, et al: Chronic occupational exposure to arsenic induces carcinogenic gene signaling networks and neoplastic transformation in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 261:204–216. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

73 

Askham JM, Platt F, Chambers PA, Snowden H, Taylor CF and Knowles MA: AKT1 mutations in bladder cancer: identification of a novel oncogenic mutation that can co-operate with E17K. Oncogene. 29:150–155. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

74 

Dickstein RJ, Nitti G, Dinney CP, Davies BR, Kamat AM and McConkey DJ: Autophagy limits the cytotoxic effects of the AKT inhibitor AZ7328 in human bladder cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 13:1325–1338. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

75 

Wu D, Tao J, Xu B, et al: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 suppresses proliferation and sensitizes doxorubicin chemotherapy in bladder cancer cells. Urol Int. 86:346–354. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

76 

Zheng J, Hu JD, Huang Y and Chen BY: Effects of baicalin on proliferation and apoptosis of adriamycin-resistant human leukemia HL-60/ADR cells. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 17:1198–1202. 2009.(In Chinese).

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lin C, Tsai S, Tseng MT, Peng S, Kuo S, Lin M, Hsu Y, Lee M, Amagaya S, Huang W, Huang W, et al: AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Int J Oncol 42: 993-1000, 2013.
APA
Lin, C., Tsai, S., Tseng, M.T., Peng, S., Kuo, S., Lin, M. ... Yang, J. (2013). AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells. International Journal of Oncology, 42, 993-1000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1791
MLA
Lin, C., Tsai, S., Tseng, M. T., Peng, S., Kuo, S., Lin, M., Hsu, Y., Lee, M., Amagaya, S., Huang, W., Wu, T., Yang, J."AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells". International Journal of Oncology 42.3 (2013): 993-1000.
Chicago
Lin, C., Tsai, S., Tseng, M. T., Peng, S., Kuo, S., Lin, M., Hsu, Y., Lee, M., Amagaya, S., Huang, W., Wu, T., Yang, J."AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells". International Journal of Oncology 42, no. 3 (2013): 993-1000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1791
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Lin C, Tsai S, Tseng MT, Peng S, Kuo S, Lin M, Hsu Y, Lee M, Amagaya S, Huang W, Huang W, et al: AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Int J Oncol 42: 993-1000, 2013.
APA
Lin, C., Tsai, S., Tseng, M.T., Peng, S., Kuo, S., Lin, M. ... Yang, J. (2013). AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells. International Journal of Oncology, 42, 993-1000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1791
MLA
Lin, C., Tsai, S., Tseng, M. T., Peng, S., Kuo, S., Lin, M., Hsu, Y., Lee, M., Amagaya, S., Huang, W., Wu, T., Yang, J."AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells". International Journal of Oncology 42.3 (2013): 993-1000.
Chicago
Lin, C., Tsai, S., Tseng, M. T., Peng, S., Kuo, S., Lin, M., Hsu, Y., Lee, M., Amagaya, S., Huang, W., Wu, T., Yang, J."AKT serine/threonine protein kinase modulates baicalin-triggered autophagy in human bladder cancer T24 cells". International Journal of Oncology 42, no. 3 (2013): 993-1000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1791
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team