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International Journal of Oncology
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Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
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Article

In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod

  • Authors:
    • Ju-Hee Han
    • Junglim Lee
    • Soo-Jin Jeon
    • Eun-Sun Choi
    • Sung-Dae Cho
    • Bo-Yeon Kim
    • Dong-Jae Kim
    • Jae-Hak Park
    • Jong-Hwan Park
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151‑742, Republic of Korea, Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 302-711, Republic of Korea, Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-ju 561-756, Republic of Korea, World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-Eup, Cheongwon-Gun, Choongbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 302-711, Republic of Korea
  • Pages: 2087-2093
    |
    Published online on: April 16, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1898
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Abstract

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. In the present study, we examined in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect of the small molecule imiquimod, also known as a TLR7 agonist, against prostate cancer. Imiquimod inhibited the growth of mouse (TRAMP‑C2) and human (PC-3) prostate cancer cells. Treatment with imiquimod induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in TRMPA-C2 cells, confirmed by the changes of G2/M checkpoint regulators such as reduction of cyclin B1 expression and increase of phospho-CDC2 and p21 in TRAMP-C2 cells treated with imiquimod. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that imiquimod induced direct apoptosis in TRAMP-C2 cells via a mitochondrial‑dependent pathway. Intratumoral injection with imiquimod reduced significantly tumor growth and increased apoptotic cells in mice subcutaneously implanted with TRAMP-C2 cells. Our results indicate that imiquimod can be an alternative therapeutic for locally generated prostate cancer.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Han J, Lee J, Jeon S, Choi E, Cho S, Kim B, Kim D, Park J and Park J: In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod. Int J Oncol 42: 2087-2093, 2013.
APA
Han, J., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Choi, E., Cho, S., Kim, B. ... Park, J. (2013). In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod. International Journal of Oncology, 42, 2087-2093. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1898
MLA
Han, J., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Choi, E., Cho, S., Kim, B., Kim, D., Park, J., Park, J."In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod". International Journal of Oncology 42.6 (2013): 2087-2093.
Chicago
Han, J., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Choi, E., Cho, S., Kim, B., Kim, D., Park, J., Park, J."In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod". International Journal of Oncology 42, no. 6 (2013): 2087-2093. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1898
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Han J, Lee J, Jeon S, Choi E, Cho S, Kim B, Kim D, Park J and Park J: In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod. Int J Oncol 42: 2087-2093, 2013.
APA
Han, J., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Choi, E., Cho, S., Kim, B. ... Park, J. (2013). In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod. International Journal of Oncology, 42, 2087-2093. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1898
MLA
Han, J., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Choi, E., Cho, S., Kim, B., Kim, D., Park, J., Park, J."In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod". International Journal of Oncology 42.6 (2013): 2087-2093.
Chicago
Han, J., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Choi, E., Cho, S., Kim, B., Kim, D., Park, J., Park, J."In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer by the small molecule imiquimod". International Journal of Oncology 42, no. 6 (2013): 2087-2093. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1898
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