Phenethyl isothiocyanate suppresses EGF-stimulated SAS human oral squamous carcinoma cell invasion by targeting EGF receptor signaling

Chen,Hui-Jye; Lin,Chung-Ming; Lee,Chao-Ying; Shih,Nai-Chen; Amagaya,Sakae; Lin,Yung-Chang; Yang,Jai-Sing

doi:10.3892/ijo.2013.1977

Phenethyl isothiocyanate suppresses EGF-stimulated SAS human oral squamous carcinoma cell invasion by targeting EGF receptor signaling

Authors:
- Hui-Jye Chen
- Chung-Ming Lin
- Chao-Ying Lee
- Nai-Chen Shih
- Sakae Amagaya
- Yung-Chang Lin
- Jai-Sing Yang
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Affiliations: Graduate Institute of Molecular Systems Biomedicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C., School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Kampo Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan, Departments of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Published online on: June 7, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1977
Pages: 629-637

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Abstract

Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a natural compound that is involved in chemoprevention as well as inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis in several types of cancer cells. Previous studies have revealed that PEITC suppresses the invasion of AGS gastric and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. However, the effects of PEITC on the metastasis of SAS oral cancer cells remain to be determined. Our results showed that PEITC treatment inhibited the invasion of EGF-stimulated SAS cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but appeared not to affect the cell viability. The expression and enzymatic activities of matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) were suppressed by PEITC. Concomitantly, we observed an increase in the protein expression of both tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and -2 (TIMP-2) in treated cells. Furthermore, PEITC treatments decreased the protein phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and downstream signaling proteins including PDK1, PI3K (p85), AKT, phosphorylated IKK and IκB to inactivate NF-κB for the suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. In addition, PEITC can trigger the MAPK signaling pathway through the increase in phosphorylated p38, JNK and ERK in treated cells. Our data indicate that PEITC is able to inhibit the invasion of EGF-stimulated SAS oral cancer cells by targeting EGFR and its downstream signaling molecules and finally lead to the reduced expression and enzymatic activities of both MMP-2 and MMP-9. These results suggest that PEITC is promising for the therapy of oral cancer metastasis.

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