|
1.
|
Kumar SK, Rajkumar SV, Dispenzieri A, et
al: Improved survival in multiple myeloma and the impact of novel
therapies. Blood. 111:2516–2520. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
2.
|
Clarke MF, Dick JE, Dirks PB, et al:
Cancer stem cells - perspectives on current status and future
directions: AACR Workshop on cancer stem cells. Cancer Res.
66:9339–9344. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3.
|
Matsui W, Huff CA, Wang Q, et al:
Characterization of clonogenic multiple myeloma cells. Blood.
103:2332–2336. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
4.
|
Medina F, Segundo C, Campos-Caro A,
Gonzalez-Garcia I and Brieva JA: The heterogeneity shown by human
plasma cells from tonsil, blood, and bone marrow reveals graded
stages of increasing maturity, but local profiles of adhesion
molecule expression. Blood. 99:2154–2161. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
5.
|
Wijdenes J, Vooijs WC, Clement C, et al: A
plasmocyte selective monoclonal antibody (B-B4) recognizes
syndecan-1. Br J Haematol. 94:318–323. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
6.
|
Ikeda H, Hideshima T, Fulciniti M, et al:
The monoclonal antibody nBT062 conjugated to cytotoxic
Maytansinoids has selective cytotoxicity against CD138-positive
multiple myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo. Clin Cancer Res.
15:4028–4037. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
7.
|
Witzig TE, Kimlinger T, Stenson M and
Therneau T: Syndecan-1 expression on malignant cells from the blood
and marrow of patients with plasma cell proliferative disorders and
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 31:167–175.
1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
8.
|
Reid S, Yang S, Brown R, et al:
Characterisation and relevance of CD138-negative plasma cells in
plasma cell myeloma. Int J Lab Hematol. 32:e190–e196. 2010.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
9.
|
Kawano Y, Fujiwara S, Wada N, et al:
Multiple myeloma cells expressing low levels of CD138 have an
immature phenotype and reduced sensitivity to lenalidomide. Int J
Oncol. 41:876–884. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
10.
|
Jakubikova J, Adamia S, Kost-Alimova M, et
al: Lenalidomide targets clonogenic side population in multiple
myeloma: pathophysiologic and clinical implications. Blood.
117:4409–4419. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
11.
|
Van Valckenborgh E, Matsui W, Agarwal P,
et al: Tumor-initiating capacity of CD138− and
CD138+ tumor cells in the 5T33 multiple myeloma model.
Leukemia. 26:1436–1439. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
12.
|
Chaidos A, Barnes CP, Cowan G, et al:
Clinical drug resistance linked to interconvertible phenotypic and
functional states of tumor-propagating cells in multiple myeloma.
Blood. 121:318–328. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
13.
|
Yaccoby S: The phenotypic plasticity of
myeloma plasma cells as expressed by dedifferentiation into an
immature, resilient, and apoptosis-resistant phenotype. Clin Cancer
Res. 11:7599–7606. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
14.
|
Zlei M, Egert S, Wider D, Ihorst G, Wasch
R and Engelhardt M: Characterization of in vitro growth of multiple
myeloma cells. Exp Hematol. 35:1550–1561. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15.
|
Dezorella N, Pevsner-Fischer M, Deutsch V,
et al: Mesenchymal stromal cells revert multiple myeloma cells to
less differentiated phenotype by the combined activities of
adhesive interactions and interleukin-6. Exp Cell Res.
315:1904–1913. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16.
|
Fuhler GM, Baanstra M, Chesik D, et al:
Bone marrow stromal cell interaction reduces syndecan-1 expression
and induces kinomic changes in myeloma cells. Exp Cell Res.
316:1816–1828. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
17.
|
Axelson H, Fredlund E, Ovenberger M,
Landberg G and Pahlman S: Hypoxia-induced dedifferentiation of
tumor cells - a mechanism behind heterogeneity and aggressiveness
of solid tumors. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 16:554–563. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
18.
|
Azab AK, Hu J, Quang P, et al: Hypoxia
promotes dissemination of multiple myeloma through acquisition of
epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like features. Blood.
119:5782–5794. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
19.
|
Ohtsuki T, Yawata Y, Wada H, Sugihara T,
Mori M and Namba M: Two human myeloma cell lines, amylase-producing
KMS-12-PE and amylase-non-producing KMS-12-BM, were established
from a patient, having the same chromosome marker,
t(11;14)(q13;q32). Br J Haematol. 73:199–204. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
20.
|
Matsuoka Y, Moore GE, Yagi Y and Pressman
D: Production of free light chains of immunoglobulin by a
hematopoietic cell line derived from a patient with multiple
myeloma. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 125:1246–1250. 1967. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
21.
|
Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of
relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and
the 2(−Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001.
|
|
22.
|
Fujiwara S, Kawano Y, Yuki H, et al: PDK1
inhibition is a novel therapeutic target in multiple myeloma. Br J
Cancer. 108:170–178. 2013.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
23.
|
Jourdan M, Ferlin M, Legouffe E, et al:
The myeloma cell antigen syndecan-1 is lost by apoptotic myeloma
cells. Br J Haematol. 100:637–646. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
24.
|
Ridley RC, Xiao H, Hata H, Woodliff J,
Epstein J and Sanderson RD: Expression of syndecan regulates human
myeloma plasma cell adhesion to type I collagen. Blood. 81:767–774.
1993.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
25.
|
Shaffer AL, Emre NC, Lamy L, et al: IRF4
addiction in multiple myeloma. Nature. 454:226–231. 2008.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26.
|
Shapiro-Shelef M and Calame K: Regulation
of plasma-cell development. Nat Rev Immunol. 5:230–242. 2005.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27.
|
Keith B and Simon MC: Hypoxia-inducible
factors, stem cells, and cancer. Cell. 129:465–472. 2007.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
28.
|
Mathieu J, Zhang Z, Zhou W, et al: HIF
induces human embryonic stem cell markers in cancer cells. Cancer
Res. 71:4640–4652. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
29.
|
Brennan SK, Wang Q, Tressler R, et al:
Telomerase inhibition targets clonogenic multiple myeloma cells
through telomere length-dependent and independent mechanisms. PLoS
One. 5:2010. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30.
|
Zhou S, Schuetz JD, Bunting KD, et al: The
ABC transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is expressed in a wide variety of stem
cells and is a molecular determinant of the side-population
phenotype. Nat Med. 7:1028–1034. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
31.
|
Gudas LJ and Wagner JA: Retinoids regulate
stem cell differentiation. J Cell Physiol. 226:322–330. 2011.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
32.
|
Huang H, Wu D, Fu J, et al: All-trans
retinoic acid can intensify the growth inhibition and
differentiation induction effect of rosiglitazone on multiple
myeloma cells. Eur J Haematol. 83:191–202. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
33.
|
Gu JL, Li J, Zhou ZH, et al:
Differentiation induction enhances bortezomib efficacy and
overcomes drug resistance in multiple myeloma. Biochem Biophys Res
Commun. 420:644–650. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
34.
|
Akamatsu W, DeVeale B, Okano H, Cooney AJ
and van der Kooy D: Suppression of Oct4 by germ cell nuclear factor
restricts pluripotency and promotes neural stem cell development in
the early neural lineage. J Neurosci. 29:2113–2124. 2009.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
35.
|
Gu P, LeMenuet D, Chung AC, Mancini M,
Wheeler DA and Cooney AJ: Orphan nuclear receptor GCNF is required
for the repression of pluripotency genes during retinoic
acid-induced embryonic stem cell differentiation. Mol Cell Biol.
25:8507–8519. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
36.
|
Hosen N, Matsuoka Y, Kishida S, et al:
CD138-negative clonogenic cells are plasma cells but not B cells in
some multiple myeloma patients. Leukemia. 26:2135–2141. 2012.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
37.
|
Matsumoto A, Ono M, Fujimoto Y, Gallo RL,
Bernfield M and Kohgo Y: Reduced expression of syndecan-1 in human
hepatocellular carcinoma with high metastatic potential. Int J
Cancer. 74:482–491. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
38.
|
Ishikawa T and Kramer RH: Sdc1 negatively
modulates carcinoma cell motility and invasion. Exp Cell Res.
316:951–965. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
39.
|
Purushothaman A, Uyama T, Kobayashi F, et
al: Heparanase-enhanced shedding of syndecan-1 by myeloma cells
promotes endothelial invasion and angiogenesis. Blood.
115:2449–2457. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
40.
|
Harada H, Kawano MM, Huang N, et al:
Phenotypic difference of normal plasma cells from mature myeloma
cells. Blood. 81:2658–2663. 1993.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
41.
|
Giatromanolaki A, Bai M, Margaritis D, et
al: Hypoxia and activated VEGF/receptor pathway in multiple
myeloma. Anticancer Res. 30:2831–2836. 2010.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
42.
|
Martin SK, Diamond P, Williams SA, et al:
Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 is a novel regulator of aberrant CXCL12
expression in multiple myeloma plasma cells. Haematologica.
95:776–784. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
43.
|
Spisek R, Kukreja A, Chen LC, et al:
Frequent and specific immunity to the embryonal stem
cell-associated antigen SOX2 in patients with monoclonal
gammopathy. J Exp Med. 204:831–840. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
44.
|
Ikegame A, Ozaki S, Tsuji D, et al: Small
molecule antibody targeting HLA class I inhibits myeloma cancer
stem cells by repressing pluripotency-associated transcription
factors. Leukemia. 26:2124–2134. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
45.
|
Schoenhals M, Kassambara A, De Vos J, Hose
D, Moreaux J and Klein B: Embryonic stem cell markers expression in
cancers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 383:157–162. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
