The unique protein kinase Cη: Implications for breast cancer (Review)
- Authors:
- Deepanwita Pal
- Alakananda Basu
-
Affiliations: Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center and Institute for Cancer Research, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA - Published online on: May 19, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2443
- Pages: 493-498
This article is mentioned in:
Abstract
Nishizuka Y: Intracellular signaling by hydrolysis of phospholipids and activation of protein kinase C. Science. 258:607–614. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Griner EM and Kazanietz MG: Protein kinase C and other diacylglycerol effectors in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 7:281–294. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Blumberg PM: Protein kinase C as the receptor for the phorbol ester tumor promoters: sixth Rhoads memorial award lecture. Cancer Res. 48:1–8. 1988.PubMed/NCBI | |
Castagna M, Takai Y, Kaibuchi K, Sano K, Kikkawa U and Nishizuka Y: Direct activation of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase by tumor-promoting phorbol esters. J Biol Chem. 257:7847–7851. 1982.PubMed/NCBI | |
Osada S, Mizuno K, Saido TC, et al: A phorbol ester receptor/protein kinase, nPKC eta, a new member of the protein kinase C family predominantly expressed in lung and skin. J Biol Chem. 265:22434–22440. 1990.PubMed/NCBI | |
Quan T and Fisher GJ: Cloning and characterization of the human protein kinase C-eta promoter. J Biol Chem. 274:28566–28574. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chida K, Nakada T, Otsuka H, Kuroki T and Satoh H: Assignment of protein kinase C eta (Pkch) to mouse chromosome band 12C3–D2 by in situ hybridization. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 82:30–31. 1998.PubMed/NCBI | |
Kashiwagi M, Ohba M, Chida K and Kuroki T: Protein kinase C eta (PKC eta): its involvement in keratinocyte differentiation. J Biochem. 132:853–857. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Bacher N, Zisman Y, Berent E and Livneh E: Isolation and characterization of PKC-L, a new member of the protein kinase C-related gene family specifically expressed in lung, skin, and heart. Mol Cell Biol. 11:126–133. 1991. | |
Akkaraju GR and Basu A: Overexpression of protein kinase C-eta attenuates caspase activation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 279:103–107. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Basu A: The involvement of novel protein kinase C isozymes in influencing sensitivity of breast cancer MCF-7 cells to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Mol Pharmacol. 53:105–111. 1998.PubMed/NCBI | |
Fima E, Shtutman M, Libros P, et al: PKCeta enhances cell cycle progression, the expression of G1 cyclins and p21 in MCF-7 cells. Oncogene. 20:6794–6804. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Fima E, Shahaf G, Hershko T, Apte RN and Livneh E: Expression of PKCeta in NIH-3T3 cells promotes production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. Eur Cytokine Netw. 10:491–500. 1999. | |
Hussaini IM, Karns LR, Vinton G, et al: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induces protein kinase ceta-specific proliferative response in astrocytic tumor cells. J Biol Chem. 275:22348–22354. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Raveh-Amit H, Hai N, Rotem-Dai N, Shahaf G, Gopas J and Livneh E: Protein kinase Ceta activates NF-kappaB in response to camptothecin-induced DNA damage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 412:313–317. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Ohba M, Ishino K, Kashiwagi M, et al: Induction of differentiation in normal human keratinocytes by adenovirus-mediated introduction of the eta and delta isoforms of protein kinase C. Mol Cell Biol. 18:5199–5207. 1998.PubMed/NCBI | |
Fu G and Gascoigne NR: Protein kinase Ceta, an emerging player in T-cell biology. Cell Cycle. 11:837–838. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Quann EJ, Liu X, Altan-Bonnet G and Huse M: A cascade of protein kinase C isozymes promotes cytoskeletal polarization in T cells. Nat Immunol. 12:647–654. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Fu G, Hu J, Niederberger-Magnenat N, et al: Protein kinase C eta is required for T cell activation and homeostatic proliferation. Sci Signal. 4:ra842011.PubMed/NCBI | |
Park DW, Lee HK, Lyu JH, et al: TLR2 stimulates ABCA1 expression via PKC-eta and PLD2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 430:933–937. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Steinberg SF: Structural basis of protein kinase C isoform function. Physiol Rev. 88:1341–1378. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Inoue M, Kishimoto A, Takai Y and Nishizuka Y: Studies on a cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase and its proenzyme in mammalian tissues. II Proenzyme and its activation by calcium-dependent protease from rat brain. J Biol Chem. 252:7610–7616. 1977.PubMed/NCBI | |
Hashimoto Y, Osada S, Ohno S and Kuroki T: A Ca(2+)-independent protein kinase C, nPKC eta: its structure, distribution and possible function. Tohoku J Exp Med. 168:275–278. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Johnson JE, Giorgione J and Newton AC: The C1 and C2 domains of protein kinase C are independent membrane targeting modules, with specificity for phosphatidylserine conferred by the C1 domain. Biochemistry. 39:11360–11369. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Balendran A, Hare GR, Kieloch A, Williams MR and Alessi DR: Further evidence that 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) is required for the stability and phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. FEBS Lett. 484:217–223. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lachmann S, Bar S, Rommelaere J and Nuesch JP: Parvovirus interference with intracellular signalling: mechanism of PKCeta activation in MVM-infected A9 fibroblasts. Cell Microbiol. 10:755–769. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Littler DR, Walker JR, She YM, Finerty PJ Jr, Newman EM and Dhe-Paganon S: Structure of human protein kinase C eta (PKCeta) C2 domain and identification of phosphorylation sites. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 349:1182–1189. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Gould CM and Newton AC: The life and death of protein kinase C. Curr Drug Targets. 9:614–625. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chen CC, Wang JK and Chen WC: TPA induces translocation but not down-regulation of new PKC isoform eta in macrophages, MDCK cells and astrocytes. FEBS Lett. 412:30–34. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Resnick MS, Luo X, Vinton EG and Sando JJ: Selective up-regulation of protein kinase C eta in phorbol ester-sensitive versus-resistant EL4 mouse thymoma cells. Cancer Res. 57:2209–2215. 1997.PubMed/NCBI | |
Pal D, Outram SP and Basu A: Novel regulation of protein kinase C-eta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 425:836–841. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Chida K, Murakami A, Tagawa T, Ikuta T and Kuroki T: Cholesterol sulfate, a second messenger for the eta isoform of protein kinase C, inhibits promotional phase in mouse skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 55:4865–4869. 1995.PubMed/NCBI | |
Okano M, Yokoyama T, Miyanaga T and Ohtsuki K: Activation of C-kinase eta through its cholesterol-3-sulfate-dependent phosphorylation by casein kinase I in vitro. Biol Pharm Bull. 27:109–112. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Redig AJ, Sassano A, Majchrzak-Kita B, et al: Activation of protein kinase C{eta} by type I interferons. J Biol Chem. 284:10301–10314. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Uddin S, Sassano A, Deb DK, et al: Protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) is activated by type I interferons and mediates phosphorylation of Stat1 on serine 727. J Biol Chem. 277:14408–14416. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Srivastava KK, Batra S, Sassano A, et al: Engagement of protein kinase C-theta in interferon signaling in T-cells. J Biol Chem. 279:29911–29920. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Ivaska J, Bosca L and Parker PJ: PKCepsilon is a permissive link in integrin-dependent IFN-gamma signalling that facilitates JAK phosphorylation of STAT1. Nat Cell Biol. 5:363–369. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Venkatesan BA, Mahimainathan L, Ghosh-Choudhury N, et al: PI 3 kinase-dependent Akt kinase and PKCepsilon independently regulate interferon-gamma-induced STAT1alpha serine phosphorylation to induce monocyte chemotactic protein-1 expression. Cell Signal. 18:508–518. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Karp G, Maissel A and Livneh E: Hormonal regulation of PKC: estrogen up-regulates PKCeta expression in estrogen-responsive breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 246:173–181. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Raveh-Amit H, Maissel A, Poller J, et al: Translational control of protein kinase Ceta by two upstream open reading frames. Mol Cell Biol. 29:6140–6148. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Morrish BC and Rumsby MG: The 5′ UTR of protein kinase C epsilon confers translational regulation in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 283:1091–1098. 2001. | |
Feng X, Zhang J, Barak LS, Meyer T, Caron MG and Hannun YA: Visualization of dynamic trafficking of a protein kinase C betaII/green fluorescent protein conjugate reveals differences in G protein-coupled receptor activation and desensitization. J Biol Chem. 273:10755–10762. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Crotty T, Cai J, Sakane F, Taketomi A, Prescott SM and Topham MK: Diacylglycerol kinase delta regulates protein kinase C and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103:15485–15490. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Leontieva OV and Black JD: Identification of two distinct pathways of protein kinase Calpha down-regulation in intestinal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 279:5788–5801. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Newton AC: Protein kinase C: poised to signal. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 298:E395–E402. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Pontremoli S, Melloni E, Damiani G, et al: Effects of a monoclonal anti-calpain antibody on responses of stimulated human neutrophils. Evidence for a role for proteolytically modified protein kinase C. J Biol Chem. 263:1915–1919. 1988.PubMed/NCBI | |
Savart M, Letard P, Bultel S and Ducastaing A: Induction of protein kinase C down-regulation by the phorbol ester TPA in a calpain/protein kinase C complex. Int J Cancer. 52:399–403. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lee HW, Smith L, Pettit GR and Smith JB: Bryostatin 1 and phorbol ester down-modulate protein kinase C-alpha and -epsilon via the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway in human fibroblasts. Mol Pharmacol. 51:439–447. 1997.PubMed/NCBI | |
Lee HW, Smith L, Pettit GR, Vinitsky A and Smith JB: Ubiquitination of protein kinase C-alpha and degradation by the proteasome. J Biol Chem. 271:20973–20976. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lu Z, Liu D, Hornia A, Devonish W, Pagano M and Foster DA: Activation of protein kinase C triggers its ubiquitination and degradation. Mol Cell Biol. 18:839–845. 1998.PubMed/NCBI | |
Pal D, Outram SP and Basu A: Upregulation of PKCeta by PKCepsilon and PDK1 involves two distinct mechanisms and promotes breast cancer cell survival. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1830:4040–4045. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Bynagari YS, Nagy B Jr, Tuluc F, et al: Mechanism of activation and functional role of protein kinase Ceta in human platelets. J Biol Chem. 284:13413–13421. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Luparello C, Sirchia R and Longo A: Type V collagen and protein kinase C eta down-regulation in 8701-BC breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog. 52:348–358. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Maissel A, Marom M, Shtutman M, Shahaf G and Livneh E: PKCeta is localized in the Golgi, ER and nuclear envelope and translocates to the nuclear envelope upon PMA activation and serum-starvation: C1b domain and the pseudosubstrate containing fragment target PKCeta to the Golgi and the nuclear envelope. Cell Signal. 18:1127–1139. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Diaz Anel AM and Malhotra V: PKCeta is required for beta1gamma2/beta3gamma2- and PKD-mediated transport to the cell surface and the organization of the Golgi apparatus. J Cell Biol. 169:83–91. 2005.PubMed/NCBI | |
Suzuki M, Iio Y, Saito N and Fujimoto T: Protein kinase Ceta is targeted to lipid droplets. Histochem Cell Biol. 139:505–511. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Mackay HJ and Twelves CJ: Targeting the protein kinase C family: are we there yet? Nat Rev Cancer. 7:554–562. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chida K, Hara T, Hirai T, et al: Disruption of protein kinase Ceta results in impairment of wound healing and enhancement of tumor formation in mouse skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 63:2404–2408. 2003.PubMed/NCBI | |
Rotem-Dai N, Oberkovitz G, Abu-Ghanem S and Livneh E: PKCeta confers protection against apoptosis by inhibiting the pro-apoptotic JNK activity in MCF-7 cells. Exp Cell Res. 315:2616–2623. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Hussaini IM, Carpenter JE, Redpath GT, Sando JJ, Shaffrey ME and Vandenberg SR: Protein kinase C-eta regulates resistance to UV- and gamma-irradiation-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by preventing caspase-9 activation. Neuro Oncol. 4:9–21. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Sonnemann J, Gekeler V, Ahlbrecht K, et al: Down-regulation of protein kinase Ceta by antisense oligonucleotides sensitises A549 lung cancer cells to vincristine and paclitaxel. Cancer Lett. 209:177–185. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Sonnemann J, Gekeler V, Sagrauske A, Muller C, Hofmann HP and Beck JF: Down-regulation of protein kinase Ceta potentiates the cytotoxic effects of exogenous tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 3:773–781. 2004. | |
Abu-Ghanem S, Oberkovitz G, Benharroch D, Gopas J and Livneh E: PKCeta expression contributes to the resistance of Hodgkin’s lymphoma cell lines to apoptosis. Cancer Biol Ther. 6:1375–1380. 2007.PubMed/NCBI | |
Lu HC, Chou FP, Yeh KT, Chang YS, Hsu NC and Chang JG: Analysing the expression of protein kinase C eta in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathology. 41:626–629. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Brenner W, Farber G, Herget T, Wiesner C, Hengstler JG and Thuroff JW: Protein kinase C eta is associated with progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Anticancer Res. 23:4001–4006. 2003.PubMed/NCBI | |
Masso-Welch PA, Verstovsek G, Darcy K, Tagliarino C and Ip MM: Protein kinase C eta upregulation and secretion during postnatal rat mammary gland differentiation. Eur J Cell Biol. 77:48–59. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Masso-Welch PA, Winston JS, Edge S, et al: Altered expression and localization of PKC eta in human breast tumors. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 68:211–223. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Suzuki T, Elias BC, Seth A, et al: PKC eta regulates occludin phosphorylation and epithelial tight junction integrity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 106:61–66. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Martin TA, Mason MD and Jiang WG: Tight junctions in cancer metastasis. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 16:898–936. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lincoln DW II and Bove K: The transcription factor Ets-1 in breast cancer. Front Biosci. 10:506–511. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Shen Q, Uray IP, Li Y, et al: The AP-1 transcription factor regulates breast cancer cell growth via cyclins and E2F factors. Oncogene. 27:366–377. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Beck J, Bohnet B, Brugger D, et al: Multiple gene expression analysis reveals distinct differences between G2 and G3 stage breast cancers, and correlations of PKC eta with MDR1, MRP and LRP gene expression. Br J Cancer. 77:87–91. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Tamarkin A, Zurgil U, Braiman A, et al: DNA damage targets PKCeta to the nuclear membrane via its C1b domain. Exp Cell Res. 317:1465–1475. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Cabodi S, Calautti E, Talora C, Kuroki T, Stein PL and Dotto GP: A PKC-eta/Fyn-dependent pathway leading to keratinocyte growth arrest and differentiation. Mol Cell. 6:1121–1129. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Livneh E, Shimon T, Bechor E, Doki Y, Schieren I and Weinstein IB: Linking protein kinase C to the cell cycle: ectopic expression of PKC eta in NIH3T3 cells alters the expression of cyclins and Cdk inhibitors and induces adipogenesis. Oncogene. 12:1545–1555. 1996.PubMed/NCBI | |
Uht RM, Amos S, Martin PM, Riggan AE and Hussaini IM: The protein kinase C-eta isoform induces proliferation in glioblastoma cell lines through an ERK/Elk-1 pathway. Oncogene. 26:2885–2893. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Shahaf G, Rotem-Dai N, Koifman G, Raveh-Amit H, Frost SA and Livneh E: PKCeta is a negative regulator of AKT inhibiting the IGF-I induced proliferation. Exp Cell Res. 318:789–799. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Aeder SE, Martin PM, Soh JW and Hussaini IM: PKC-eta mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation through the Akt and mTOR signaling pathways. Oncogene. 23:9062–9069. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Koivunen J, Aaltonen V and Peltonen J: Protein kinase C (PKC) family in cancer progression. Cancer Lett. 235:1–10. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Urtreger AJ, Kazanietz MG and Bal de Kier Joffe ED: Contribution of individual PKC isoforms to breast cancer progression. IUBMB Life. 64:18–26. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Basu A and Pal D: Two faces of protein kinase Cdelta: the contrasting roles of PKCdelta in cell survival and cell death. Sci World J. 10:2272–2284. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI |