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Article

ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models

  • Authors:
    • Kyriaki Ioannou
    • Kai Fan Cheng
    • Gregg V. Crichlow
    • Anastasios I. Birmpilis
    • Elias J. Lolis
    • Ourania E. Tsitsilonis
    • Yousef Al-Abed
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece, Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA, Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
  • Pages: 1457-1468
    |
    Published online on: July 22, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2551
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Abstract

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine, which possesses a contributing role in cancer progression and metastasis and, thus, is now considered a promising anticancer drug target. Many MIF-inactivating strategies have proven successful in delaying cancer growth. Here, we report on the synthesis of ISO-66, a novel, highly stable, small-molecule MIF inhibitor, an analog of ISO-1 with improved characteristics. The MIF:ISO-66 co-crystal structure demonstrated that ISO-66 ligates the tautomerase active site of MIF, which has previously been shown to play an important role in its biological functions. In vitro, ISO-66 enhanced specific and non-specific anticancer immune responses, whereas prolonged administration of ISO-66 in mice with established syngeneic melanoma or colon cancer was non-toxic and resulted in a significant decrease in tumor burden. Subsequent ex vivo analysis of mouse splenocytes revealed that the observed decrease in tumor growth rates was likely mediated by the selective in vivo expansion of antitumor-reactive effector cells induced by ISO-66. Compared to other MIF-inactivating strategies employed in vivo, the anticancer activity of ISO-66 is demonstrated to be of equal or better efficacy. Our findings suggest that targeting MIF, via highly specific and stable compounds, such as ISO-66, may be effective for cancer treatment and stimulation of anticancer immune responses.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ioannou K, Cheng KF, Crichlow GV, Birmpilis AI, Lolis E , Tsitsilonis OE and Al-Abed Y: ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models. Int J Oncol 45: 1457-1468, 2014.
APA
Ioannou, K., Cheng, K.F., Crichlow, G.V., Birmpilis, A.I., Lolis, E. ., Tsitsilonis, O.E., & Al-Abed, Y. (2014). ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models. International Journal of Oncology, 45, 1457-1468. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2551
MLA
Ioannou, K., Cheng, K. F., Crichlow, G. V., Birmpilis, A. I., Lolis, E. ., Tsitsilonis, O. E., Al-Abed, Y."ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models". International Journal of Oncology 45.4 (2014): 1457-1468.
Chicago
Ioannou, K., Cheng, K. F., Crichlow, G. V., Birmpilis, A. I., Lolis, E. ., Tsitsilonis, O. E., Al-Abed, Y."ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models". International Journal of Oncology 45, no. 4 (2014): 1457-1468. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2551
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ioannou K, Cheng KF, Crichlow GV, Birmpilis AI, Lolis E , Tsitsilonis OE and Al-Abed Y: ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models. Int J Oncol 45: 1457-1468, 2014.
APA
Ioannou, K., Cheng, K.F., Crichlow, G.V., Birmpilis, A.I., Lolis, E. ., Tsitsilonis, O.E., & Al-Abed, Y. (2014). ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models. International Journal of Oncology, 45, 1457-1468. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2551
MLA
Ioannou, K., Cheng, K. F., Crichlow, G. V., Birmpilis, A. I., Lolis, E. ., Tsitsilonis, O. E., Al-Abed, Y."ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models". International Journal of Oncology 45.4 (2014): 1457-1468.
Chicago
Ioannou, K., Cheng, K. F., Crichlow, G. V., Birmpilis, A. I., Lolis, E. ., Tsitsilonis, O. E., Al-Abed, Y."ISO-66, a novel inhibitor of macrophage migration, shows efficacy in melanoma and colon cancer models". International Journal of Oncology 45, no. 4 (2014): 1457-1468. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2551
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