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Article

Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET)

  • Authors:
    • Kaizhou Jin
    • Jin Xu
    • Jie Chen
    • Minhu Chen
    • Rufu Chen
    • Ye Chen
    • Zhiyu Chen
    • Bin Cheng
    • Yihebali Chi
    • Shi-Ting Feng
    • Deliang Fu
    • Baohua Hou
    • Dan Huang
    • Heguang Huang
    • Qiang Huang
    • Jie Li
    • Ying Li
    • Houjie Liang
    • Rong Lin
    • An'an Liu
    • Jixi Liu
    • Xubao Liu
    • Ming Lu
    • Jie Luo
    • Gang Mai
    • Quanxing Ni
    • Meng Qiu
    • Chenghao Shao
    • Baiyong Shen
    • Weiqi Sheng
    • Jian Sun
    • Chunlu Tan
    • Huangying Tan
    • Qiyun Tang
    • Yingmei Tang
    • Xiaodong Tian
    • Danian Tong
    • Xiaohong Wang
    • Jian Wang
    • Jie Wang
    • Wei Wang
    • Yu Wang
    • Zheng Wu
    • Ling Xue
    • Qiang Yan
    • Ning Yang
    • Yinmo Yang
    • Zhiying Yang
    • Xiaoyi Yin
    • Chunhui Yuan
    • Shan Zeng
    • Renchao Zhang
    • Xianjun Yu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Deyang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China, Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Research Center for Liver Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Radiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, Hepatobiliary Surgery Department V, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University; Shanghai, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1991-2000
    |
    Published online on: September 27, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3711
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Abstract

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (p-NENs) are slowly growing tumors with frequent liver metastasis. There is a variety of approaches to treat non-functional p-NENs with synchronous liver metastasis (LM) which complicates the determination of optimal treatment. Based on updated literature review, we discussed the treatment strategy determinants for p-NEN with LM. According to the resectability of primary tumor, the WHO 2010 grade classification and the radiological type of liver metastasis, the CSNET group reached agreements on a number of issues, including the following. Prior to treatment, biopsy is required to confirm pathology. Liver biopsy is important for more accurate grading of tumor and percutaneous core needle biopsy is more available than EUS-FNA. In patients with unresectable primary, surgical resection for liver-metastatic lesions should be avoided. Curative surgery is recommended for G1/G2 p-NET with type I LM and R1 resection also seems to improve overall survival rate. Cytoreductive surgery is recommended for G1/G2 p-NET with type II LM in select patients, and should meet stated requirements. Surgical resection for G1/G2 p-NET with type III LM and p-NEC with LM should be avoided, and insufficient evidence exists to guide the surgical treatment of G3 p-NET with LM. Liver transplantation may be an option in highly select patients. In addition, the optimal time for surgical approach is still required for more evidence.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jin K, Xu J, Chen J, Chen M, Chen R, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cheng B, Chi Y, Feng S, Feng S, et al: Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET). Int J Oncol 49: 1991-2000, 2016.
APA
Jin, K., Xu, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, R., Chen, Y. ... Yu, X. (2016). Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET). International Journal of Oncology, 49, 1991-2000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3711
MLA
Jin, K., Xu, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, R., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, B., Chi, Y., Feng, S., Fu, D., Hou, B., Huang, D., Huang, H., Huang, Q., Li, J., Li, Y., Liang, H., Lin, R., Liu, A., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lu, M., Luo, J., Mai, G., Ni, Q., Qiu, M., Shao, C., Shen, B., Sheng, W., Sun, J., Tan, C., Tan, H., Tang, Q., Tang, Y., Tian, X., Tong, D., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wang, J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Wu, Z., Xue, L., Yan, Q., Yang, N., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yin, X., Yuan, C., Zeng, S., Zhang, R., Yu, X."Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET)". International Journal of Oncology 49.5 (2016): 1991-2000.
Chicago
Jin, K., Xu, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, R., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, B., Chi, Y., Feng, S., Fu, D., Hou, B., Huang, D., Huang, H., Huang, Q., Li, J., Li, Y., Liang, H., Lin, R., Liu, A., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lu, M., Luo, J., Mai, G., Ni, Q., Qiu, M., Shao, C., Shen, B., Sheng, W., Sun, J., Tan, C., Tan, H., Tang, Q., Tang, Y., Tian, X., Tong, D., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wang, J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Wu, Z., Xue, L., Yan, Q., Yang, N., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yin, X., Yuan, C., Zeng, S., Zhang, R., Yu, X."Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET)". International Journal of Oncology 49, no. 5 (2016): 1991-2000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3711
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jin K, Xu J, Chen J, Chen M, Chen R, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cheng B, Chi Y, Feng S, Feng S, et al: Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET). Int J Oncol 49: 1991-2000, 2016.
APA
Jin, K., Xu, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, R., Chen, Y. ... Yu, X. (2016). Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET). International Journal of Oncology, 49, 1991-2000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3711
MLA
Jin, K., Xu, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, R., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, B., Chi, Y., Feng, S., Fu, D., Hou, B., Huang, D., Huang, H., Huang, Q., Li, J., Li, Y., Liang, H., Lin, R., Liu, A., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lu, M., Luo, J., Mai, G., Ni, Q., Qiu, M., Shao, C., Shen, B., Sheng, W., Sun, J., Tan, C., Tan, H., Tang, Q., Tang, Y., Tian, X., Tong, D., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wang, J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Wu, Z., Xue, L., Yan, Q., Yang, N., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yin, X., Yuan, C., Zeng, S., Zhang, R., Yu, X."Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET)". International Journal of Oncology 49.5 (2016): 1991-2000.
Chicago
Jin, K., Xu, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, R., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, B., Chi, Y., Feng, S., Fu, D., Hou, B., Huang, D., Huang, H., Huang, Q., Li, J., Li, Y., Liang, H., Lin, R., Liu, A., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lu, M., Luo, J., Mai, G., Ni, Q., Qiu, M., Shao, C., Shen, B., Sheng, W., Sun, J., Tan, C., Tan, H., Tang, Q., Tang, Y., Tian, X., Tong, D., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wang, J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Wu, Z., Xue, L., Yan, Q., Yang, N., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yin, X., Yuan, C., Zeng, S., Zhang, R., Yu, X."Surgical management for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis: A consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (CSNET)". International Journal of Oncology 49, no. 5 (2016): 1991-2000. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3711
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