Open Access

Effects of ursolic and oleanolic on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells: In vitro and in vivo assays

  • Authors:
    • Angela Caunii
    • Camelia Oprean
    • Mirabela Cristea
    • Alexandra Ivan
    • Corina Danciu
    • Calin Tatu
    • Virgil Paunescu
    • Daniela Marti
    • George Tzanakakis
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Aristides Tsatsakis
    • Razvan Susan
    • Codruta Soica
    • Stefana Avram
    • Cristina Dehelean
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 16, 2017     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4160
  • Pages: 1651-1660
  • Copyright: © Caunii et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Among the triterpenoids, oleanolic acid (OA) and its isomer, ursolic acid (UA) are promising therapeutic candidates, with potential benefits in the management of melanoma. In this study, we aimed to examine the in vitro and in vivo anti‑invasive and anti‑metastatic activity of OA and UA to determine their possible usefulness as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents in melanoma. For the in vitro experiments, the anti‑proliferative activity of the triterpenic compounds on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells was examined. The anti‑invasive potential was assessed by testing the effects of the active compound on vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) adhesion to melanoma cells. Normal and tumor angiogenesis were evaluated in vivo by chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The two test triterpenoid acids, UA and OA, exerted differential effects in vitro and in vivo on the SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells. UA exerted a significant and dose‑dependent anti‑proliferative effect in vitro, compared to OA. The cytotoxic effects in vitro on the melanoma cells were determined by the examining alterations in the cell cycle phases induced by UA that lead to cell arrest in the S phase. Moreover, UA was found to affect SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cell invasiveness by limiting the cell adhesion capacity to ICAM molecules, but not influencing their adhesion to VCAM molecules. On the whole, in this study, by assessing the effects of the two triterpenoids in vivo, our results revealed that OA had a greater potential to impair the invasive capacity and tumor angiogenesis compared with UA.
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December-2017
Volume 51 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Caunii A, Oprean C, Cristea M, Ivan A, Danciu C, Tatu C, Paunescu V, Marti D, Tzanakakis G, Spandidos DA, Spandidos DA, et al: Effects of ursolic and oleanolic on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells: In vitro and in vivo assays. Int J Oncol 51: 1651-1660, 2017.
APA
Caunii, A., Oprean, C., Cristea, M., Ivan, A., Danciu, C., Tatu, C. ... Dehelean, C. (2017). Effects of ursolic and oleanolic on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells: In vitro and in vivo assays. International Journal of Oncology, 51, 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4160
MLA
Caunii, A., Oprean, C., Cristea, M., Ivan, A., Danciu, C., Tatu, C., Paunescu, V., Marti, D., Tzanakakis, G., Spandidos, D. A., Tsatsakis, A., Susan, R., Soica, C., Avram, S., Dehelean, C."Effects of ursolic and oleanolic on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells: In vitro and in vivo assays". International Journal of Oncology 51.6 (2017): 1651-1660.
Chicago
Caunii, A., Oprean, C., Cristea, M., Ivan, A., Danciu, C., Tatu, C., Paunescu, V., Marti, D., Tzanakakis, G., Spandidos, D. A., Tsatsakis, A., Susan, R., Soica, C., Avram, S., Dehelean, C."Effects of ursolic and oleanolic on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells: In vitro and in vivo assays". International Journal of Oncology 51, no. 6 (2017): 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4160