β‑catenin nuclear translocation induced by HIF‑1α overexpression leads to the radioresistance of prostate cancer

Luo,Yong; Li,Mingchuan; Zuo,Xuemei; Basourakos,Spyridon   P.; Zhang,Jiao; Zhao,Jiahui; Han,Yili; Lin,Yunhua; Wang,Yongxing; Jiang,Yongguang; Lan,Ling

doi:10.3892/ijo.2018.4368

β‑catenin nuclear translocation induced by HIF‑1α overexpression leads to the radioresistance of prostate cancer

Authors:
- Yong Luo
- Mingchuan Li
- Xuemei Zuo
- Spyridon P. Basourakos
- Jiao Zhang
- Jiahui Zhao
- Yili Han
- Yunhua Lin
- Yongxing Wang
- Yongguang Jiang
- Ling Lan
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Affiliations: Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The 4th Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
Published online on: April 12, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2018.4368
Pages: 1827-1840
Copyright: © Luo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Hypoxia-inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) is known to play crucial roles in tumor radioresistance; however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the promotion of tumor radioresistance by HIF‑1α remain unclear. β‑catenin is known to be involved in the metastatic potential of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, to investigate the role of HIF‑1α and β‑catenin in the radioresistance of PCa, two PCa cell lines, LNCaP and C4‑2B, were grouped as follows: Negative control (no treatment), HIF‑1α overexpression group (transfected with HIF‑1α overexpression plasmid) and β‑catenin silenced group (transfected with HIF‑1α plasmids and β‑catenin-shRNA). Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell invasion and radiosensitivity were examined under normal or hypoxic conditions. In addition, radiosensitivity was examined in two mouse PCa models (the LNCaP orthotopic BALB/c-nu mice model and the C4‑2B subcutaneous SCID mice model). Our results revealed that in both the LNCaP and C4‑2B cells, transfection with HIF‑1α overexpression plasmid led to an enhanced β‑catenin nuclear translocation, while β‑catenin silencing inhibited β‑catenin nuclear translocation. The enhanced β‑catenin nuclear translocation induced by HIF‑1α overexpression resulted in an enhanced cell proliferation and cell invasion, an altered cell cycle distribution, decreased apoptosis, and improved non‑homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair under normal and irradiation conditions. Similar results were observed in the animal models. HIF‑1α overexpression enhanced β‑catenin nuclear translocation, which led to the activation of the β‑catenin/NHEJ signaling pathway and increased cell proliferation, cell invasion and DNA repair. These results thus suggest that HIF‑1α overexpression promotes the radioresistance of PCa cells.

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