|
1
|
McGuire S: World Cancer Report 2014.
Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, International
Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO Press. 2015 Adv Nutr. 7. pp.
418–419. 2016
|
|
2
|
Engel J, Eckel R, Schubert-Fritschle G,
Kerr J, Kuhn W, Diebold J, Kimmig R, Rehbock J and Hölzel D:
Moderate progress for ovarian cancer in the last 20 years:
Prolongation of survival, but no improvement in the cure rate. Eur
J Cancer. 38:2435–2445. 2002.
|
|
3
|
Beaufort CM, Helmijr JC, Piskorz AM,
Hoogstraat M, Ruigrok-Ritstier K, Besselink N, Murtaza M, van
IJcken WF, Heine AA, Smid M, et al: Ovarian cancer cell line panel
(OCCP): Clinical importance of in vitro morphological subtypes.
PLoS One. 9:e1039882014.
|
|
4
|
Banno K, Yanokura M, Iida M, Adachi M,
Nakamura K, Nogami Y, Umene K, Masuda K, Kisu I, Nomura H, et al:
Application of microRNA in diagnosis and treatment of ovarian
cancer. BioMed Res Int. 2014:2328172014.
|
|
5
|
Muggia FM: Relevance of chemotherapy dose
and schedule to outcomes in ovarian cancer. Semin Oncol. 31(Suppl
15): 19–24. 2004.
|
|
6
|
Agarwal R and Kaye SB: Ovarian cancer:
Strategies for overcoming resistance to chemotherapy. Nat Rev
Cancer. 3:502–516. 2003.
|
|
7
|
Hundal RS, Krssak M, Dufour S, Laurent D,
Lebon V, Chandramouli V, Inzucchi SE, Schumann WC, Petersen KF,
Landau BR, et al: Mechanism by which metformin reduces glucose
production in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 49:2063–2069. 2000.
|
|
8
|
Cao J, Meng S, Chang E, Beckwith-Fickas K,
Xiong L, Cole RN, Radovick S, Wondisford FE and He L: Low
concentrations of metformin suppress glucose production in
hepatocytes through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). J Biol
Chem. 289:20435–20446. 2014.
|
|
9
|
McCreight LJ, Bailey CJ and Pearson ER:
Metformin and the gastrointestinal tract. Diabetologia. 59:426–435.
2016.
|
|
10
|
Wheaton WW, Weinberg SE, Hamanaka RB,
Soberanes S, Sullivan LB, Anso E, Glasauer A, Dufour E, Mutlu GM,
Budigner GS, et al: Metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I of
cancer cells to reduce tumorigenesis. eLife. 3:e022422014.
|
|
11
|
Musi N, Hirshman MF, Nygren J, Svanfeldt
M, Bavenholm P, Rooyackers O, Zhou G, Williamson JM, Ljunqvist O,
Efendic S, et al: Metformin increases AMP-activated protein kinase
activity in skeletal muscle of subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes. 51:2074–2081. 2002.
|
|
12
|
Stephenne X, Foretz M, Taleux N, van der
Zon GC, Sokal E, Hue L, Viollet B and Guigas B: Metformin activates
AMP-activated protein kinase in primary human hepatocytes by
decreasing cellular energy status. Diabetologia. 54:3101–3110.
2011.
|
|
13
|
Viollet B, Horman S, Leclerc J, Lantier L,
Foretz M, Billaud M, Giri S and Andreelli F: AMPK inhibition in
health and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 45:276–295.
2010.
|
|
14
|
Kato K, Gong J, Iwama H, Kitanaka A, Tani
J, Miyoshi H, Nomura K, Mimura S, Kobayashi M, Aritomo Y, et al:
The anti-diabetic drug metformin inhibits gastric cancer cell
proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther. 11:549–560.
2012.
|
|
15
|
Fujihara S, Kato K, Morishita A, Iwama H,
Nishioka T, Chiyo T, Nishiyama N, Miyoshi H, Kobayashi M, Kobara H,
et al: Antidiabetic drug metformin inhibits esophageal
adenocar-cinoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Int J
Oncol. 46:2172–2180. 2015.
|
|
16
|
Nangia-Makker P, Yu Y, Vasudevan A,
Farhana L, Rajendra SG, Levi E and Majumdar AP: Metformin: A
potential therapeutic agent for recurrent colon cancer. PLoS One.
9:e843692014.
|
|
17
|
Davies G, Lobanova L, Dawicki W, Groot G,
Gordon JR, Bowen M, Harkness T and Arnason T: Metformin inhibits
the development, and promotes the resensitization, of
treatment-resistant breast cancer. PLoS One. 12:e01871912017.
|
|
18
|
Dowling RJ, Niraula S, Stambolic V and
Goodwin PJ: Metformin in cancer: Translational challenges. J Mol
Endocrinol. 48:R31–R43. 2012.
|
|
19
|
Huang J and Manning BD: The TSC1-TSC2
complex: A molecular switchboard controlling cell growth. Biochem
J. 412:179–190. 2008.
|
|
20
|
Lien EC, Dibble CC and Toker A: PI3K
signaling in cancer: Beyond AKT. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 45:62–71.
2017.
|
|
21
|
Zakikhani M, Blouin MJ, Piura E and Pollak
MN: Metformin and rapamycin have distinct effects on the AKT
pathway and proliferation in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res
Treat. 123:271–279. 2010.
|
|
22
|
Zhang J, Li G, Chen Y, Fang L, Guan C, Bai
F, Ma M, Lyu J and Meng QH: Metformin inhibits tumorigenesis and
tumor growth of breast cancer cells by upregulating miR-200c but
downregu-lating AKT2 expression. J Cancer. 8:1849–1864. 2017.
|
|
23
|
Liu Y, Zhang Y, Jia K, Dong Y and Ma W:
Metformin inhibits the proliferation of A431 cells by modulating
the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med. 9:1401–1406.
2015.
|
|
24
|
Rattan R, Giri S, Hartmann LC and Shridhar
V: Metformin attenuates ovarian cancer cell growth in an AMP-kinase
dispensable manner. J Cell Mol Med. 15:166–178. 2011.
|
|
25
|
Fresno Vara JA, Casado E, de Castro J,
Cejas P, Belda-Iniesta C and González-Barón M: PI3K/Akt signalling
pathway and cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 30:193–204. 2004.
|
|
26
|
Bae S, Kim SY, Jung JH, Yoon Y, Cha HJ,
Lee H, Kim K, Kim J, An IS, Kim J, et al: Akt is negatively
regulated by the MULAN E3 ligase. Cell Res. 22:873–885. 2012.
|
|
27
|
Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of
relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and
the 2(-ΔΔC(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001.
|
|
28
|
Kim NY, Lee HY and Lee C: Metformin
targets Axl and Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinases to inhibit cell
proliferation and overcome chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells.
Int J Oncol. 47:353–360. 2015.
|
|
29
|
Dos Santos Guimarães I, Ladislau-Magescky
T, Tessarollo NG, Dos Santos DZ, Gimba ER, Sternberg C, Silva IV
and Rangel LB: Chemosensitizing effects of metformin on cisplatin-
and paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Pharmacol Rep.
70:409–417. 2018.
|
|
30
|
Karnevi E, Said K, Andersson R and
Rosendahl AH: Metformin-mediated growth inhibition involves
suppression of the IGF-I receptor signalling pathway in human
pancreatic cancer cells. BMC Cancer. 13:2352013.
|
|
31
|
Suizu F, Hiramuki Y, Okumura F, Matsuda M,
Okumura AJ, Hirata N, Narita M, Kohno T, Yokota J, Bohgaki M, et
al: The E3 ligase TTC3 facilitates ubiquitination and degradation
of phos-phorylated Akt. Dev Cell. 17:800–810. 2009.
|
|
32
|
Luo J: Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta
(GSK3beta) in tumori-genesis and cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Lett.
273:194–200. 2009.
|
|
33
|
Cross DA, Alessi DR, Cohen P, Andjelkovich
M and Hemmings BA: Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by
insulin mediated by protein kinase B. Nature. 378:785–789.
1995.
|
|
34
|
Giornelli GH: Management of relapsed
ovarian cancer: A review. Springerplus. 5:11972016.
|
|
35
|
Jelovac D and Armstrong DK: Recent
progress in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. CA
Cancer J Clin. 61:183–203. 2011.
|
|
36
|
Sherman-Baust CA, Becker KG, Wood Iii WH,
Zhang Y and Morin PJ: Gene expression and pathway analysis of
ovarian cancer cells selected for resistance to cisplatin,
paclitaxel, or doxorubicin. J Ovarian Res. 4:212011.
|
|
37
|
Banno E, Togashi Y, de Velasco MA,
Mizukami T, Nakamura Y, Terashima M, Sakai K, Fujita Y, Kamata K,
Kitano M, et al: Clinical significance of Akt2 in advanced
pancreatic cancer treated with erlotinib. Int J Oncol.
50:2049–2058. 2017.
|
|
38
|
Cheung M and Testa JR: Diverse mechanisms
of AKT pathway activation in human malignancy. Curr Cancer Drug
Targets. 13:234–244. 2013.
|
|
39
|
Cassinelli G, Zuco V, Gatti L, Lanzi C,
Zaffaroni N, Colombo D and Perego P: Targeting the Akt kinase to
modulate survival, invasiveness and drug resistance of cancer
cells. Curr Med Chem. 20:1923–1945. 2013.
|
|
40
|
Guerrero-Zotano A, Mayer IA and Arteaga
CL: PI3K/AKT/ mTOR: Role in breast cancer progression, drug
resistance, and treatment. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 35:515–524.
2016.
|
|
41
|
Kim SH, Juhnn YS and Song YS: Akt
involvement in paclitaxel chemoresistance of human ovarian cancer
cells. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1095:82–89. 2007.
|
|
42
|
Ben Sahra I, Laurent K, Loubat A,
Giorgetti-Peraldi S, Colosetti P, Auberger P, Tanti JF, Le
Marchand-Brustel Y and Bost F: The antidiabetic drug metformin
exerts an antitumoral effect in vitro and in vivo through a
decrease of cyclin D1 level. Oncogene. 27:3576–3586. 2008.
|
|
43
|
Kalender A, Selvaraj A, Kim SY, Gulati P,
Brûlé S, Viollet B, Kemp BE, Bardeesy N, Dennis P, Schlager JJ, et
al: Metformin, independent of AMPK, inhibits mTORC1 in a rag
GTPase-dependent manner. Cell Metab. 11:390–401. 2010.
|
