Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
May-2019 Volume 54 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2019 Volume 54 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway

  • Authors:
    • Runjia Fu
    • Xiaohong Wang
    • Ying Hu
    • Hong Du
    • Bin Dong
    • Sheng Ao
    • Li Zhang
    • Zhijian Sun
    • Lianhai Zhang
    • Guoqing Lv
    • Jiafu Ji
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China, Department of Central Biobank, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China, K2 Oncology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100061, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Fu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1545-1554
    |
    Published online on: March 12, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4744
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Solamargine, a derivative from the steroidal solasodine in Solanum species, has exhibited anticancer activities in numerous types of cancer; however, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. In the present study, it was demonstrated that Solamargine suppressed the viability of five gastric cancer cell lines in a dose‑dependent manner and induced notable alterations in morphology. Treatment with Solamargine promoted cell apoptosis (P<0.01). Solamargine increased the expression of long noncoding RNA (lnc) p53 induced transcript and lnc nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1)_2 (P<0.01) in GC by reducing the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK). To gain insight into the potential mechanism, an Erk1/2 inhibitor (U0126) was applied. The results revealed that lncNEAT1_2 expression levels increased, which was consistent with the effects of Solamargine. Downregulation of lncNEAT1_2 in GC cells revealed no effect on the expression levels of total Erk1/2 and, and counteracted the effect of Solamargine. Solamargine was observed to increase the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the Erk1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. Of note, the knockdown of lncNEAT1_2 reduced the inhibitory effect of Solamargine (P<0.05). Additionally, experiments in vivo and in primary GC cells from patients demonstrated that Solamargine significantly suppressed tumor growth (P<0.05). In vivo analysis of a xenograft mouse model further supported that Solamargine could induce the apoptosis of cancer cells in tumor tissue as observed by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTP‑biotin nick end labeling and H&E staining (P<0.05). Experiments in primary GC cells from patients verified the anti‑tumor effect of Solamargine. In summary, the findings of the present study indicated that Solamargine inhibited the progression of GC by regulating lncNeat1_2 via the MAPK pathway.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 65:87–108. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Siegel RL, Miller KD and Jemal A: Cancer Statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin. 67:7–30. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Xi J, Feng J, Li Q, Li X and Zeng S: The long non-coding RNA lncFOXO1 suppresses growth of human breast cancer cells through association with BAP1. Int J Oncol. 50:1663–1670. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Xu Y, Zheng Y, Liu H and Li T: Modulation of IGF2BP1 by long non-coding RNA HCG11 suppresses apoptosis of hepato-cellular carcinoma cells via MAPK signaling transduction. Int J Oncol. 51:791–800. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Zhang R and Xia T: Long non-coding RNA XIST regulates PDCD4 expression by interacting with miR-21-5p and inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and metastasis. Int J Oncol. 51:1460–1470. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Burger T, Mokoka T, Fouché G, Steenkamp P, Steenkamp V and Cordier W: Solamargine, a bioactive steroidal alkaloid isolated from Solanum aculeastrum induces non-selective cytotoxicity and P-glycoprotein inhibition. BMC Complement Altern Med. 18:1372018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Marín-Béjar O, Mas AM, González J, Martinez D, Athie A, Morales X, Galduroz M, Raimondi I, Grossi E, Guo S, et al: The human lncRNA LINC-PINT inhibits tumor cell invasion through a highly conserved sequence element. Genome Biol. 18:2022017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Chen Y, Tang Q, Wu J, Zheng F, Yang L and Hann SS: Inactivation of PI3-K/Akt and reduction of SP1 and p65 expression increase the effect of solamargine on suppressing EP4 expression in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 34:1542015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Ding X, Zhu FS, Li M and Gao SG: Induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells by solamargine from Solanum nigrum L. J Ethnopharmacol. 139:599–604. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Sun L, Zhao Y, Li X, Yuan H, Cheng A and Lou H: A lysosomal-mitochondrial death pathway is induced by sola-margine in human K562 leukemia cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 24:1504–1511. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Xie X, Zhu H, Zhang J, Wang M, Zhu L, Guo Z, Shen W and Wang D: Solamargine inhibits the migration and invasion of HepG2 cells by blocking epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett. 14:447–452. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Shiu LY, Chang LC, Liang CH, Huang YS, Sheu HM and Kuo KW: Solamargine induces apoptosis and sensitizes breast cancer cells to cisplatin. Food Chem Toxicol. 45:2155–2164. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Xiang S, Zhang Q, Tang Q, Zheng F, Wu J, Yang L and Hann SS: Activation of AMPKα mediates additive effects of solamargine and metformin on suppressing MUC1 expression in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep. 6:367212016. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Wu YH, Chiu WT, Young MJ, Chang TH, Huang YF and Chou CY: Solanum Incanum Extract Downregulates Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-Mediated Stemness and Inhibits Tumor Formation in Ovarian Cancer Cells. J Cancer. 6:1011–1019. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Cui CZ, Wen XS, Cui M, Gao J, Sun B and Lou HX: Synthesis of solasodine glycoside derivatives and evaluation of their cytotoxic effects on human cancer cells. Drug Discov Ther. 6:9–17. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Zhou Y, Tang Q, Zhao S, Zhang F, Li L, Wu W, Wang Z and Hann S: Targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 contributes to the solamargine-inhibited growth and -induced apoptosis of human lung cancer cells. Tumour Biol. 35:8169–8178. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Chen Y, Tang Q, Xiao Q, Yang L and Hann SS: Targeting EP4 downstream c-Jun through ERK1/2-mediated reduction of DNMT1 reveals novel mechanism of solamargine-inhibited growth of lung cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med. 21:222–233. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Schmitt AM and Chang HY: Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer Pathways. Cancer Cell. 29:452–463. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Li L, Zhang GQ, Chen H, Zhao ZJ, Chen HZ, Liu H, Wang G, Jia YH, Pan SH, Kong R, et al: Plasma and tumor levels of Linc-pint are diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget. 7:71773–71781. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Yang X, Qu S, Wang L, Zhang H, Yang Z, Wang J, Dai B, Tao K, Shang R, Liu Z, et al: PTBP3 splicing factor promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by destroying the splicing balance of NEAT1 and pre-miR-612. Oncogene. 37:6399–6413. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Zhang H, Cai Y, Zheng L, Zhang Z, Lin X and Jiang N: Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 regulate papillary thyroid cancer progression by modulating miR-129-5p/KLK7 1expression. J Cell Physiol. 233:6638–6648. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Yu B and Shan G: Functions of long noncoding RNAs in the nucleus. Nucleus. 7:155–166. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Yu X, Li Z, Zheng H, Chan MT and Wu WK: NEAT1: A novel cancer-related long non-coding RNA. Cell Prolif. 50:502017.

24 

Mello SS, Sinow C, Raj N, Mazur PK, Bieging-Rolett K, Broz DK, Imam JFC, Vogel H, Wood LD, Sage J, et al: Neat1 is a p53-inducible lincRNA essential for transformation suppression. Genes Dev. 31:1095–1108. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

National Research Council (US) Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th edition. National Academies Press (US); Washington, DC: 2011

27 

Julien O and Wells JA: Caspases and their substrates. Cell Death Differ. 24:1380–1389. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Choi EO, Park C, Hwang HJ, Hong SH, Kim GY, Cho EJ, Kim WJ and Choi YH: Baicalein induces apoptosis via ROS-dependent activation of caspases in human bladder cancer 5637 cells. Int J Oncol. 49:1009–1018. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Pedersen AE, Bregenholt S, Johansen B, Skov S and Claesson MH: MHC-I-induced apoptosis in human B-lymphoma cells is dependent on protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases. Exp Cell Res. 251:128–134. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Cross TG, Scheel-Toellner D, Henriquez NV, Deacon E, Salmon M and Lord JM: Serine/threonine protein kinases and apoptosis. Exp Cell Res. 256:34–41. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Correa BRS, Hu J, Penalva LOF, Schlegel R, Rimm DL, Galante PAF and Agarwal S: Patient-derived conditionally reprogrammed cells maintain intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity. Sci Rep. 8:40972018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Kalalinia F and Karimi-Sani I: Anticancer Properties of Solamargine: A Systematic Review. Phytother Res. 31:858–870. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Al Sinani SS, Eltayeb EA, Coomber BL and Adham SA: Solamargine triggers cellular necrosis selectively in different types of human melanoma cancer cells through extrinsic lysosomal mitochondrial death pathway. Cancer Cell Int. 16:112016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Del Bufalo D, Biroccio A, Trisciuoglio D, Bruno T, Floridi A, Aquino A and Zupi G: Bcl-2 has differing effects on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells depending on the antineoplastic drug used. Eur J Cancer. 38:2455–2462. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Hsu SH, Tsai TR, Lin CN, Yen MH and Kuo KW: Solamargine purified from Solanum incanum Chinese herb triggers gene expression of human TNFR I which may lead to cell apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 229:1–5. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Xie X, Zhu H, Yang H, Huang W, Wu Y, Wang Y, Luo Y, Wang D and Shao G: Solamargine triggers hepatoma cell death through apoptosis. Oncol Lett. 10:168–174. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Morrison DK and Davis RJ: Regulation of MAP kinase signaling modules by scaffold proteins in mammals. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 19:91–118. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Kyriakis JM and Avruch J: Mammalian MAPK signal transduction pathways activated by stress and inflammation: A 10-year update. Physiol Rev. 92:689–737. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Yoda Y, Takeshima H, Niwa T, Kim JG, Ando T, Kushima R, Sugiyama T, Katai H, Noshiro H and Ushijima T: Integrated analysis of cancer-related pathways affected by genetic and epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer. 18:65–76. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Xie J, Jin B, Li DW, Shen B, Cong N, Zhang TZ and Dong P: ABCG2 regulated by MAPK pathways is associated with cancer progression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res. 4:698–709. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

41 

Deng J, Qian Y, Geng L, Xie H, Wang Y, Jiang G, Zhou L, Zhang M and Zheng S: Involvement of ERK and JNK pathways in IFN-γ-induced B7-DC expression on tumor cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 137:243–250. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Wang Z, Wang W, Xu S, Wang S, Tu Y, Xiong Y, Mei J and Wang C: The role of MAPK signaling pathway in the Her-2-positive meningiomas. Oncol Rep. 36:685–695. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Peluso I, Yarla NS, Ambra R, Pastore G and Perry G: MAPK signalling pathway in cancers: Olive products as cancer preventive and therapeutic agents. Semin Cancer Biol. Sep 11–2017.Epub ahead of print. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Wu Y, Yang L, Zhao J, Li C, Nie J, Liu F, Zhuo C, Zheng Y, Li B, Wang Z, et al: Nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer. 14:1912015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Blüthgen N, van Bentum M, Merz B, Kuhl D and Hermey G: Profiling the MAPK/ERK dependent and independent activity regulated transcriptional programs in the murine hippocampus in vivo. Sci Rep. 7:451012017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Csibi A, Fendt SM, Li C, Poulogiannis G, Choo AY, Chapski DJ, Jeong SM, Dempsey JM, Parkhitko A, Morrison T, et al: The mTORC1 pathway stimulates glutamine metabolism and cell proliferation by repressing SIRT4. Cell. 153:840–854. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Shukla V, Coumoul X, Wang RH, Kim HS and Deng CX: RNA interference and inhibition of MEK-ERK signaling prevent abnormal skeletal phenotypes in a mouse model of craniosyn-ostosis. Nat Genet. 39:1145–1150. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Nishie K, Norred WP and Swain AP: Pharmacology and toxicology of chaconine and tomatine. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 12:657–668. 1975.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fu R, Wang X, Hu Y, Du H, Dong B, Ao S, Zhang L, Sun Z, Zhang L, Lv G, Lv G, et al: Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 54: 1545-1554, 2019.
APA
Fu, R., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Du, H., Dong, B., Ao, S. ... Ji, J. (2019). Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway. International Journal of Oncology, 54, 1545-1554. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4744
MLA
Fu, R., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Du, H., Dong, B., Ao, S., Zhang, L., Sun, Z., Zhang, L., Lv, G., Ji, J."Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway". International Journal of Oncology 54.5 (2019): 1545-1554.
Chicago
Fu, R., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Du, H., Dong, B., Ao, S., Zhang, L., Sun, Z., Zhang, L., Lv, G., Ji, J."Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway". International Journal of Oncology 54, no. 5 (2019): 1545-1554. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4744
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Fu R, Wang X, Hu Y, Du H, Dong B, Ao S, Zhang L, Sun Z, Zhang L, Lv G, Lv G, et al: Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 54: 1545-1554, 2019.
APA
Fu, R., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Du, H., Dong, B., Ao, S. ... Ji, J. (2019). Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway. International Journal of Oncology, 54, 1545-1554. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4744
MLA
Fu, R., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Du, H., Dong, B., Ao, S., Zhang, L., Sun, Z., Zhang, L., Lv, G., Ji, J."Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway". International Journal of Oncology 54.5 (2019): 1545-1554.
Chicago
Fu, R., Wang, X., Hu, Y., Du, H., Dong, B., Ao, S., Zhang, L., Sun, Z., Zhang, L., Lv, G., Ji, J."Solamargine inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating the expression of lncNEAT1_2 via the MAPK signaling pathway". International Journal of Oncology 54, no. 5 (2019): 1545-1554. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2019.4744
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team