Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
December-2022 Volume 61 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2022 Volume 61 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data1.pdf
    • Supplementary_Data2.pdf
Article Open Access

TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect

  • Authors:
    • Hao Wu
    • Xinyi Guo
    • Yile Jiao
    • Zhenru Wu
    • Qing Lv
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Wu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 144
    |
    Published online on: October 5, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5434
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Breast cancer has become the leading cause of death in females. After comprehensive treatment, the lives of patients are still threatened by tumor metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to find an effective treatment target for breast cancer. Tripartite motif‑containing 35 (TRIM35) is a ubiquitin ligase that has an important role in the recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. However, the role of TRIM35 in breast cancer has thus far remained elusive. The expression of TRIM35 was examined in a bioinformatics database and the effects of TRIM35 on the malignant biological behavior of breast cancer were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit‑8, cell migration and invasion assays, flow cytometry and nude mouse xenograft experiments. It was determined that TRIM35 was downregulated in breast cancer tumor tissues and cell lines. Patients with low TRIM35 expression had shorter overall survival. Functional assays revealed that overexpression of TRIM35 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of TRIM35 was able to inhibit the Warburg effect in breast cancer cells. Mechanistic analyses indicated that TRIM35 regulates the transition of tetramers and dimers of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) through ubiquitination and thereby affects the Warburg effect. In conclusion, the present results indicated that TRIM35 regulates the tetramer and dimer transition of PKM2 through ubiquitination and affects the malignant biological behavior of breast cancer by modulating the Warburg effect.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Harbeck N and Gnant M: Breast cancer. Lancet. 389:1134–1150. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Fan L, Strasser-Weippl K, Li JJ, St Louis J, Finkelstein DM, Yu KD, Chen WQ, Shao ZM and Goss PE: Breast cancer in China. Lancet Oncol. 15:e279–e289. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Barzaman K, Karami J, Zarei Z, Hosseinzadeh A, Kazemi MH, Moradi-Kalbolandi S, Safari E and Farahmand L: Breast cancer: Biology, biomarkers, and treatments. Int Immunopharmacol. 84:1065352020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Veronesi U, Boyle P, Goldhirsch A, Orecchia R and Viale G: Breas cancer. Lancet. 365:1727–1741. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Hatakeyama S: TRIM family proteins: Roles in autophagy, immunity, and carcinogenesis. Trends Biochem Sci. 42:297–311. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Zhao G, Liu C, Wen X, Luan G, Xie L and Guo X: The translational values of TRIM family in pan-cancers: From functions and mechanisms to clinics. Pharmacol Ther. 227:1078812021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Zhan W and Zhang S: TRIM proteins in lung cancer: Mechanisms, biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Life Sci. 268:1189852021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Meroni G: TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases in rare genetic disorders. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1233:311–325. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Venuto S and Merla G: E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM proteins, cell cycle and mitosis. Cells. 8:5102019. View Article : Google Scholar :

10 

Goyani S, Roy M and Singh R: TRIM-NHL as RNA binding ubiquitin E3 ligase (RBUL): Implication in development and disease pathogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. Jan 6–2021.Epub ahead of print. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Connacher RP and Goldstrohm AC: Molecular and biological functions of TRIM-NHL RNA-binding proteins. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 12. pp. e16202021, View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Eberhardt W, Haeussler K, Nasrullah U and Pfeilschifter J: Multifaceted roles of TRIM proteins in colorectal carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 21:75322020. View Article : Google Scholar :

13 

Watanabe M and Hatakeyama S: TRIM proteins and diseases. J Biochem. 161:135–144. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Chen Z, Wang Z, Guo W, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao Y, Jia D, Ding J, Wang H, Yao M and He X: TRIM35 Interacts with pyruvate kinase isoform M2 to suppress the warburg effect and tumorigenicity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene. 34:3946–3956. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Wang R, Huang KL and Xing LX: TRIM35 functions as a novel tumor suppressor in breast cancer by inducing cell apoptosis through ubiquitination of PDK1. Neoplasma. 69:370–382. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Shulman RG and Rothman DL: The glycogen shunt maintains glycolytic homeostasis and the warburg effect in cancer. Trends Cancer. 3:761–767. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Lebelo MT, Joubert AM and Visagie MH: Warburg effect and its role in tumourigenesis. Arch Pharm Res. 42:833–847. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Kozal K, Jóźwiak P and Krześlak A: Contemporary perspectives on the warburg effect inhibition in cancer therapy. Cancer Control. Sep 23–2021.Epub ahead of print. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Johar D, Elmehrath AO, Khalil RM, Elberry MH, Zaky S, Shalabi SA and Bernstein LH: Protein networks linking warburg and reverse warburg effects to cancer cell metabolism. Biofactors. 47:713–728. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Zam W, Ahmed I and Yousef H: The warburg effect on cancer cells survival: The role of sugar starvation in cancer therapy. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol. 16:30–38. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Yu H, Zhao K, Zeng H, Li Z, Chen K, Zhang Z, Li E and Wu Z: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase WTAP accelerates the warburg effect of gastric cancer through regulating HK2 stability. Biomed Pharmacother. 133:1110752021. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Du Y, Wei N, Ma R, Jiang S and Song D: A miR-210-3p regulon that controls the warburg effect by modulating HIF-1α and p53 activity in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis. 11:7312020. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Jing Z, Liu Q, He X, Jia Z, Xu Z, Yang B and Liu P: NCAPD3 enhances warburg effect through c-myc and E2F1 and promotes the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 41:1982022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Ganapathy-Kanniappan S and Geschwind JF: Tumor glycolysis as a target for cancer therapy: Progress and prospects. Mol Cancer. 12:1522013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Vander Heiden MG, Cantley LC and Thompson CB: Understanding the warburg effect: The metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science. 324:1029–1033. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Dayton TL, Jacks T and Vander Heiden MG: PKM2, cancer metabolism, and the road ahead. EMBO Rep. 17:1721–1730. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Zhu S, Guo Y, Zhang X, Liu H, Yin M, Chen X and Peng C: Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in cancer and cancer therapeutics. Cancer Lett. 503:240–248. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Zhang Z, Deng X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Sun L and Chen F: PKM2, function and expression and regulation. Cell Biosci. 9:522019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Zahra K, Dey T, Ashish, Mishra SP and Pandey U: Pyruvate kinase M2 and cancer: The role of PKM2 in promoting tumorigenesis. Front Oncol. 10:1592020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

He X, Du S, Lei T, Li X, Liu Y, Wang H, Tong R and Wang Y: PKM2 in carcinogenesis and oncotherapy. Oncotarget. 8:110656–110670. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Ikeda K and Inoue S: TRIM proteins as RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligases. Adv Exp Med Biol. 770:27–37. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Anastasiou D, Yu Y, Israelsen WJ, Jiang JK, Boxer MB, Hong BS, Tempel W, Dimov S, Shen M, Jha A, et al: Pyruvate kinase M2 activators promote tetramer formation and suppress tumorigenesis. Nat Chem Biol. 8:839–847. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Popovic D, Vucic D and Dikic I: Ubiquitination in disease pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Med. 20:1242–1253. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Cockram PE, Kist M and Prakash S: Ubiquitination in the regulation of inflammatory cell death and cancer. Cell Death Differ. 28:591–605. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Zou T and Lin Z: The involvement of ubiquitination machinery in cell cycle regulation and cancer progression. Int J Mol Sci. 22:57542021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Senft D, Qi J and Ronai ZA: Ubiquitin ligases in oncogenic transformation and cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 18:69–88. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar :

38 

Jia D, Wei L, Guo W, Zha R, Bao M, Chen Z, Zhao Y, Ge C, Zhao F, Chen T, et al: Genome-wide copy number analyses identified novel cancer genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 54:1227–1236. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Zhang J, Xu Z and Yu B, Xu J and Yu B: Tripartite motif containing 35 contributes to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biosci Rep. Apr 30–2020.Epub ahead of print.

40 

Tan X, Cao F, Tang F, Lu C, Yu Q, Feng S, Yang Z, Chen S, He X, He J, et al: Suppression of DLBCL Progression by the E3 ligase Trim35 is mediated by CLOCK degradation and NK cell infiltration. J Immunol Res. 24:99958692021.

41 

Liberti MV and Locasale JW: The warburg effect: How does it benefit cancer cells? Trends Biochem Sci. 41:211–218. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Lu Z and Hunter T: Metabolic kinases moonlighting as protein kinases. Trends Biochem Sci. 43:301–310. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Iqbal MA, Gupta V, Gopinath P, Mazurek S and Bamezai RN: Pyruvate kinase M2 and cancer: An updated assessment. FEBS Lett. 588:2685–2692. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Li Z, Yang P and Li Z: The multifaceted regulation and functions of PKM2 in tumor progression. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1846:285–296. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

45 

Wong N, Ojo D, Yan J and Tang D: PKM2 contributes to cancer metabolism. Cancer Lett. 356:184–191. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Zheng M, Xing W, Liu Y, Li M and Zhou H: Tetramerization of SATB1 is essential for regulating of gene expression. Mol Cell Biochem. 430:171–178. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

French AC, Luscher B and Litchfield DW: Development of a stabilized form of the regulatory CK2beta subunit that inhibits cell proliferation. J Biol Chem. 282:29667–29677. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wu H, Guo X, Jiao Y, Wu Z and Lv Q: TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect. Int J Oncol 61: 144, 2022.
APA
Wu, H., Guo, X., Jiao, Y., Wu, Z., & Lv, Q. (2022). TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect. International Journal of Oncology, 61, 144. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5434
MLA
Wu, H., Guo, X., Jiao, Y., Wu, Z., Lv, Q."TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect". International Journal of Oncology 61.6 (2022): 144.
Chicago
Wu, H., Guo, X., Jiao, Y., Wu, Z., Lv, Q."TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect". International Journal of Oncology 61, no. 6 (2022): 144. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5434
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wu H, Guo X, Jiao Y, Wu Z and Lv Q: TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect. Int J Oncol 61: 144, 2022.
APA
Wu, H., Guo, X., Jiao, Y., Wu, Z., & Lv, Q. (2022). TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect. International Journal of Oncology, 61, 144. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5434
MLA
Wu, H., Guo, X., Jiao, Y., Wu, Z., Lv, Q."TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect". International Journal of Oncology 61.6 (2022): 144.
Chicago
Wu, H., Guo, X., Jiao, Y., Wu, Z., Lv, Q."TRIM35 ubiquitination regulates the expression of PKM2 tetramer and dimer and affects the malignant behaviour of breast cancer by regulating the Warburg effect". International Journal of Oncology 61, no. 6 (2022): 144. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5434
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team