Goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix: Two case reports and a review of the literature

Livoff,Alejandro; Asna,Noam; Gallego‑Colon,Enrique; Daum,Aner  Zeev; Harkovsky,Tattiana; Schaffer,Moshe

doi:10.3892/mco.2019.1921

Goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix: Two case reports and a review of the literature

Authors:
- Alejandro Livoff
- Noam Asna
- Enrique Gallego‑Colon
- Aner Zeev Daum
- Tattiana Harkovsky
- Moshe Schaffer
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon 30604, Israel, Department of Oncology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon 30604, Israel
Published online on: September 11, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2019.1921
Pages: 493-497
Copyright: © Livoff et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Goblet cell carcinoid or carcinoma (GCC) is a rare tumor found incidentally during routine management of acute appendicitis. GCCs are more aggressive compared with conventional appendiceal tumors but less aggressive compared with adenocarcinomas, and they often present with serosal and mesoappendiceal involvement. We herein report two cases of acute appendicitis in a 45‑year‑old female and a 60‑year‑old male with varied clinical symptoms. Pathological examination of the appendix revealed the presence of adenocarcinoma with goblet cells and a Ki‑67 index of 25% (grade 3) and 15% (grade 2), respectively. Subsequent right hemicolectomy was performed according to the current guidelines. No signs of disease recurrence or metastasis were detected during regular follow‑up. However, the lack of a standardized classification system for GCC and the discrepancies in specific reliable markers renders their prognostic and predictive value in GCC at diagnosis insufficient. The present study also aimed to address current concerns regarding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of GCC, as well as the need to review and update current guidelines. To conclude, proper clinical management and the prediction of outcome for patients with GCC varies according to the classifications or staging criteria used by the clinicians; hence, a review of the current guidelines should be considered.

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