Induced oral mucositis in Wistar rats treated with different drugs: Preventive potential in cytokine production

Da Cruz Campos,Maria Inês; Campos,Celso Neiva; Corrêa,José Otávio Amaral; Aarestrup,Fernando Monteiro; Aarestrup,Beatriz Julião Vieira

doi:10.3892/mco.2021.2289

Induced oral mucositis in Wistar rats treated with different drugs: Preventive potential in cytokine production

Authors:
- Maria Inês Da Cruz Campos
- Celso Neiva Campos
- José Otávio Amaral Corrêa
- Fernando Monteiro Aarestrup
- Beatriz Julião Vieira Aarestrup
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Affiliations: Laboratory of Immunopathology and Experimental Pathology, Reproductive Biology Center, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036‑330, Brazil, School of Dentistry Clinic, Department of Dental Clinic, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036‑330, Brazil, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Immunohistochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036‑330, Brazil, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Experimental Pathology, Reproductive Biology Center, Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Juiz de Fora Health‑SUPREMA, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036‑330, Brazil
Published online on: April 27, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2289
Article Number: 127
Copyright: © Da Cruz Campos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the preventive potential of pentoxifylline, atorvastatin and trans‑caryophyllene in oral mucositis through histopathological analysis of wounds in the oral mucosa of Wistar rats treated with 5‑FU, and to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of these drugs on serum nitrite production, in situ IFN‑γ, TNF‑α and TGF‑β, and TNF‑α in tissues. A total of 32 male Wistar rats with an average age of 9 weeks and an average body weight of 250 g were divided into four treatment groups: Saline, trans‑caryophyllene, pentoxifylline and atorvastatin. Oral mucositis was then induced. On days 3 and 4, the mucosa of the mouth of eight pre‑treated animals in each group was bilaterally scarified twice with the tip of a sterile needle, with an anesthetic solution. Mucosal samples from animals treated with trans‑caryophyllene preserved a thin epithelial lining associated with focal perivascular inflammatory infiltrates. Pentoxifylline‑treated animals exhibited total epithelial loss in oral wounds with severe inflammatory infiltrates and mild re‑epithelialization associated with mild and diffuse inflammatory infiltrates. Samples from atorvastatin‑treated animals exhibited no epithelial dissolution, with preserved thin lining and mild diffuse inflammatory infiltrates. The analysis of TNF‑α expression revealed improved results in trans‑caryophyllene animals. The analysis of TGF‑β expression revealed positive mononuclear cells. Preventive treatment with atorvastatin was demonstrated to modulate the serum expression levels of TNF‑α during all stages of the experiment. Treatment with trans‑caryophyllene modulated serum IFN‑γ levels negatively, whereas treatment with atorvastatin and trans‑caryophyllene maintained lower levels of IFN‑γ compared with the control group.

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