Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
September-2021 Volume 15 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2021 Volume 15 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Highly sensitive Lens culinaris agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease

  • Authors:
    • Kazuaki Tabu
    • Seiichi Mawatari
    • Kohei Oda
    • Ohki Taniyama
    • Ai Toyodome
    • Sho Ijuin
    • Haruka Sakae
    • Kotaro Kumagai
    • Shuji Kanmura
    • Akio Ido
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890‑8544, Japan
    Copyright: © Tabu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 174
    |
    Published online on: June 29, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2336
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Highly sensitive Lens culinaris agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein (hs‑AFP‑L3) is a specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has been reliable in cases with a low serum α‑fetoprotein (AFP) level. However, the biomarkers that contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis during the long‑term observation are not yet clear. The present study reported the clinical utility of hs‑AFP‑L3 in the long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease. The subjects were 106 patients with chronic liver disease without HCC or a history of HCC treatment and who had been followed for >12 months. hs‑AFP‑L3 was measured using cryopreserved serum. The factors contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis were examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. The median observation period was 88 months (15‑132 months). The cumulative incidence of HCC was 10.5% at 5 years and 19.6% at 10 years. The univariate analysis revealed that age ≥55 years old, platelet count ≤13.1x104/µl, hyaluronic acid ≥80.8 ng/ml, alanine transaminase ≥47 U/l, AFP ≥6.3 ng/ml, hs‑AFP‑L3 ≥3.5% and des‑γ‑carboxy prothrombin (DCP) ≥25 mAU/ml were significant factors. In the multivariate analysis, platelet count ≤13.1x104/µl [hazard ratio (HR), 4.966; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.597‑15.437; P=0.006] and hs‑AFP‑L3 ≥3.5% (HR, 5.450; 95% CI, 1.522‑19.512; P=0.009) were extracted as significant factors contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis. In addition, for cases with AFP <20 ng/ml, a multivariate analysis revealed that hs‑AFP‑L3 ≥4.9% (HR, 11.608; 95% CI, 2.422‑55.629; P=0.002) and DCP ≥25 mAU/ml (HR, 3.936; 95% CI, 1.088‑14.231; P=0.037) were significant factors contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis. hs‑AFP‑L3 is a useful marker for predicting hepatocarcinogenesis in the long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 68:394–424. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

European Association For The Study Of The Liver; European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer. EASL-EORTC clinical practice guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 56:908–943. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Global Burden of Disease Liver Cancer Collaboration. Akinyemiju T, Abera S, Ahmed M, Alam N, Alemayohu MA, Allen C, Al-Raddadi R, Alvis-Guzman N, Amoako Y, et al: The burden of primary liver cancer and underlying etiologies from 1990 to 2015 at the global, regional, and national level: Results from the global burden of disease study 2015. JAMA Oncol. 3:1683–1691. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Llovet JM, Zucman-Rossi J, Pikarsky E, Sangro B, Schwartz M, Sherman M and Gores G: Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2(16018)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Zhang BH, Yang BH and Tang ZY: Randomized controlled trial of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 130:417–422. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Grazi GL, Mazziotti A, Legnani C, Jovine E, Miniero R, Gallucci A, Palareti G and Gozzetti G: The role of tumor markers in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, with special reference to the des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin. Liver Transpl Surg. 1:249–255. 1995.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Ishii M, Gama H, Chida N, Ueno Y, Shinzawa H, Takagi T, Toyota T, Takahashi T and Kasukawa R: Simultaneous measurements of serum alpha-fetoprotein and protein induced by vitamin K absence for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma. South Tohoku District study group. Am J Gastroenterol. 95:1036–1040. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Marrero JA, Su GL, Wei W, Emick D, Conjeevaram HS, Fontana RJ and Lok AS: Des-gamma carboxyprothrombin can differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma from nonmalignant chronic liver disease in american patients. Hepatology. 37:1114–1121. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Oda K, Ido A, Tamai T, Matsushita M, Kumagai K, Mawatari S, Saishoji A, Kure T, Ohno K, Toyokura E, et al: Highly sensitive Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive α-fetoprotein is useful for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease. Oncol Rep. 26:1227–1233. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Oka H, Tamori A, Kuroki T, Kobayashi K and Yamamoto S: Prospective study of alpha-fetoprotein in cirrhotic patients monitored for development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 19:61–66. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Okuda H, Nakanishi T, Takatsu K, Saito A, Hayashi N, Takasaki K, Takenami K, Yamamoto M and Nakano M: Serum levels of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin measured using the revised enzyme immunoassay kit with increased sensitivity in relation to clinicopathologic features of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer. 88:544–549. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Wang CS, Lin CL, Lee HC, Chen KY, Chiang MF, Chen HS, Lin TJ and Liao LY: Usefulness of serum des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin in detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 11:6115–6119. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Kagebayashi C, Yamaguchi I, Akinaga A, Kitano H, Yokoyama K, Satomura M, Kurosawa T, Watanabe M, Kawabata T, Chang W, et al: Automated immunoassay system for AFP-L3% using on-chip electrokinetic reaction and separation by affinity electrophoresis. Anal Biochem. 388:306–311. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Youden WJ: Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer. 3:32–35. 1950.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Kierans AS, Kang SK and Rosenkrantz AB: The diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for detection of small hepatocellular carcinoma measuring Up to 2 cm: A meta-analysis. Radiology. 278:82–94. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Onishi H, Kim T, Imai Y, Hori M, Nagano H, Nakaya Y, Tsuboyama T, Nakamoto A, Tatsumi M, Kumano S, et al: Hypervascular hepatocellular carcinomas: Detection with gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR imaging and multiphasic multidetector CT. Eur Radiol. 22:845–854. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Sangiovanni A, Manini MA, Iavarone M, Romeo R, Forzenigo LV, Fraquelli M, Massironi S, Della Corte C, Ronchi G, Rumi MG, et al: The diagnostic and economic impact of contrast imaging techniques in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis. Gut. 59:638–644. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Bergstrand CG and Czar B: Demonstration of a new protein fraction in serum from the human fetus. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 8(174)1956.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Taketa K: Alpha-fetoprotein: Reevaluation in hepatology. Hepatology. 12:1420–1432. 1990.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Aoyagi Y, Isemura M, Suzuki Y, Sekine C, Soga K, Ozaki T and Ichida F: Fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein as marker of early hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 2:1353–1354. 1985.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Korekane H, Hasegawa T, Matsumoto A, Kinoshita N, Miyoshi E and Taniguchi N: Development of an antibody-lectin enzyme immunoassay for fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1820:1405–1411. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Kumada T, Toyoda H, Tada T, Kiriyama S, Tanikawa M, Hisanaga Y, Kanamori A, Tanaka J, Kagebayashi C and Satomura S: High-sensitivity Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein assay predicts early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol. 49:555–563. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Oka H, Saito A, Ito K, Kumada T, Satomura S, Kasugai H, Osaki Y, Seki T, Kudo M and Tanaka M: Collaborative Hepato-Oncology Study Group of Japan. Multicenter prospective analysis of newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma with respect to the percentage of Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16:1378–1383. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Taketa K, Sekiya C, Namiki M, Akamatsu K, Ohta Y, Endo Y and Kosaka K: Lectin-reactive profiles of alpha-fetoprotein characterizing hepatocellular carcinoma and related conditions. Gastroenterology. 99:508–518. 1990.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Nakamura K, Imajo N, Yamagata Y, Katoh H, Fujio K, Tanaka T, Satomura S and Matsuura S: Liquid-phase binding assay of alpha-fetoprotein using a sulfated antibody for bound/free separation. Anal Chem. 70:954–957. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Kawabata T, Wada HG, Watanabe M and Satomura S: Electrokinetic analyte transport assay for alpha-fetoprotein immunoassay integrates mixing, reaction and separation on-chip. Electrophoresis. 29:1399–1406. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Cucchetti A, Garuti F, Pinna AD and Trevisani F: Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) group. Length time bias in surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma and how to avoid it. Hepatol Res. 46:1275–1280. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Hiramatsu N, Oze T and Takehara T: Suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma development in hepatitis C patients given interferon-based antiviral therapy. Hepatol Res. 45:152–161. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Oze T, Hiramatsu N, Yakushijin T, Miyazaki M, Yamada A, Oshita M, Hagiwara H, Mita E, Ito T, Fukui H, et al: Post-treatment levels of α-fetoprotein predict incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma after interferon therapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 12:1186–1195. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Nagata H, Nakagawa M, Asahina Y, Sato A, Asano Y, Tsunoda T, Miyoshi M, Kaneko S, Otani S, Kawai-Kitahata F, et al: Effect of interferon-based and -free therapy on early occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 67:933–939. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Sasaki R, Yamasaki K, Abiru S, Komori A, Nagaoka S, Saeki A, Hashimoto S, Bekki S, Kugiyama Y, Kuno A, et al: Serum Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein values predict the development of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis C after sustained virological response. PLoS One. 10(e0129053)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Ioannou GN, Green PK and Berry K: HCV eradication induced by direct-acting antiviral agents reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 68:25–32. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Kanwal F, Kramer J, Asch SM, Chayanupatkul M, Cao Y and El-Serag HB: Risk of hepatocellular cancer in HCV patients treated with direct-acting antiviral agents. Gastroenterology. 153:996–1005.e1. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Tabu K, Mawatari S, Oda K, Taniyama O, Toyodome A, Ijuin S, Sakae H, Kumagai K, Kanmura S, Ido A, Ido A, et al: Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease. Mol Clin Oncol 15: 174, 2021.
APA
Tabu, K., Mawatari, S., Oda, K., Taniyama, O., Toyodome, A., Ijuin, S. ... Ido, A. (2021). Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 15, 174. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2336
MLA
Tabu, K., Mawatari, S., Oda, K., Taniyama, O., Toyodome, A., Ijuin, S., Sakae, H., Kumagai, K., Kanmura, S., Ido, A."Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15.3 (2021): 174.
Chicago
Tabu, K., Mawatari, S., Oda, K., Taniyama, O., Toyodome, A., Ijuin, S., Sakae, H., Kumagai, K., Kanmura, S., Ido, A."Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15, no. 3 (2021): 174. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2336
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Tabu K, Mawatari S, Oda K, Taniyama O, Toyodome A, Ijuin S, Sakae H, Kumagai K, Kanmura S, Ido A, Ido A, et al: Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease. Mol Clin Oncol 15: 174, 2021.
APA
Tabu, K., Mawatari, S., Oda, K., Taniyama, O., Toyodome, A., Ijuin, S. ... Ido, A. (2021). Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 15, 174. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2336
MLA
Tabu, K., Mawatari, S., Oda, K., Taniyama, O., Toyodome, A., Ijuin, S., Sakae, H., Kumagai, K., Kanmura, S., Ido, A."Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15.3 (2021): 174.
Chicago
Tabu, K., Mawatari, S., Oda, K., Taniyama, O., Toyodome, A., Ijuin, S., Sakae, H., Kumagai, K., Kanmura, S., Ido, A."Highly sensitive <em>Lens culinaris</em> agglutinin‑reactive fraction of α‑fetoprotein is a predictive marker for hepatocarcinogenesis in long‑term observation of patients with chronic liver disease". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15, no. 3 (2021): 174. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2336
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team