Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
October-2021 Volume 15 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2021 Volume 15 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience

  • Authors:
    • Ziad El Husseini
    • Yolla Haibe
    • Youssef Bouferraa
    • Malek Kreidieh
    • Monita Al Darazi
    • Deborah Mukherji
    • Sally Temraz
    • Maya Charafeddine
    • Ali Shamseddine
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
  • Article Number: 220
    |
    Published online on: August 25, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2382
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The current standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) includes preoperative chemoradiation, followed by total mesorectal excision and adjuvant chemotherapy. This multimodality treatment improves local control but is associated with low compliance rates without clear beneficial effects on overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis. In this retrospective study, the charts of patients diagnosed with cT3/4 or cT2‑node‑positive rectal cancer between January 2011 and June 2019 were reviewed. The chemoradiation therapy (CRT) group received a long course of CRT with capecitabine followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) group received 6 cycles mFOLFOX and a short course of radiation therapy followed by surgery. A total of 81 patients were included, among which 55 (67.9%) received CRT and 26 (32.1%) received TNT. In the CRT group, 15 (27.3%) patients achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) compared with 10 (38.5%) in the TNT group (P=0.22). A total of 19 (35.8%) cases in the CRT group downstaged to pT0N0 or pT1N0 compared with 11 (42.3%) in the TNT group (P=0.33). The 2‑year disease‑free survival (DFS) rate was 81.0% in the TNT group and 84.0% in the CRT group (P=0.15). Out of 55 patients in the CRT group, 30 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy, 22 (40.0% of CRT cases) of which completed a full course. All 26 patients in the TNT group received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, where 22 (84.6%) patients took a full course (P<0.001). In conclusion, the present study revealed that patients treated with TNT were more compliant to chemotherapy than those treated with CRT. A numerically higher pCR rate, and nodal and tumor downstaging were noted in the TNT group without significance. No difference was noted in the 2‑year DFS. Longer follow‑up is required.
View Figures

Figure 1

View References

1 

Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, Rödel C, Wittekind C, Fietkau R, Martus P, Tschmelitsch J, Hager E, Hess CF, et al: Preoperative vs. postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 351:1731–1740. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Ruo L and Guillem JG: Major 20th-century advancements in the management of rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 42:563–578. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Maas M, Nelemans PJ, Valentini V, Crane CH, Capirci C, Rödel C, Nash GM, Kuo LJ, Glynne-Jones R, García-Aguilar J, et al: Adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer: Defining subgroups who may benefit after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and resection: A pooled analysis of 3,313 patients. Int J Cancer. 137:212–220. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Biagi JJ, Raphael MJ, Mackillop WJ, Kong W, King WD and Booth CM: Association between time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 305:2335–2342. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Breugom AJ, Swets M, Bosset JF, Collette L, Sainato A, Cionini L, Glynne-Jones R, Counsell N, Bastiaannet E, van den Broek CB, et al: Adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy and surgery for patients with rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Oncol. 16:200–207. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Bujko K, Glimelius B, Valentini V, Michalski W and Spalek M: Postoperative chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer receiving preoperative radio(chemo)therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing surgery ± a fluoropyrimidine and surgery + a fluoropyrimidine ± oxaliplatin. Eur J Surg Oncol. 41:713–723. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

van Gijn W, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, Kranenbarg EM, Putter H, Wiggers T, Rutten HJ, Påhlman L, Glimelius B and van de Velde CJ: Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group. Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer: 12-year follow-up of the multicentre, randomised controlled TME trial. Lancet Oncol. 12:575–582. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Kapiteijn E, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, Putter H, Steup WH, Wiggers T, Rutten HJ, Pahlman L, Glimelius B, van Krieken JH, et al: Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 345:638–646. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Hartley A, Ho KF, McConkey C and Geh JI: Pathological complete response following pre-operative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: Analysis of phase II/III trials. Br J Radiol. 78:934–938. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Cotte E, Passot G, Decullier E, Maurice C, Glehen O, François Y, Lorchel F, Chapet O and Gerard JP: Pathologic response, when increased by longer interval, is a marker but not the cause of good prognosis in rectal cancer: 17-year follow-up of the Lyon R90-01 randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 94:544–553. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Park IJ, You YN, Agarwal A, Skibber JM, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Eng C, Feig BW, Das P, Krishnan S, Crane CH, et al: Neoadjuvant treatment response as an early response indicator for patients with rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 30:1770–1776. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Pretzsch E, Bösch F, Neumann J, Ganschow P, Bazhin A, Guba M, Werner J and Angele M: Mechanisms of metastasis in colorectal cancer and metastatic organotropism: Hematogenous vs. peritoneal spread. J Oncol. 2019(7407190)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Sauer R, Liersch T, Merkel S, Fietkau R, Hohenberger W, Hess C, Becker H, Raab HR, Villanueva MT, Witzigmann H, et al: Preoperative vs. postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: Results of the German CAO/ARO/AIO-94 randomized phase III trial after a median follow-up of 11 years. J Clin Oncol. 30:1926–1933. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Hospers G, Bahadoer RR, Dijkstra EA, Etten BV, Marijnen C, Putter H, Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg E, Roodvoets AG, Nagtegaal ID, Regina GH Beets-Tan, et al: Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before TME in locally advanced rectal cancer: The randomized RAPIDO trial. J Clin Oncol. 38 (Suppl 15)(S4006)2020.

15 

Bahadoer RR, Dijkstra EA, van Etten B, Marijnen CAM, Putter H, Kranenbarg EM, Roodvoets AGH, Nagtegaal ID, Beets-Tan RGH, Blomqvist LK, et al: Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before total mesorectal excision (TME) vs. preoperative chemoradiotherapy, TME, and optional adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RAPIDO): A randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 22:29–42. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Becker K, Mueller JD, Schulmacher C, Ott K, Fink U, Busch R, Böttcher K, Siewert JR and Höfler H: Histomorphology and grading of regression in gastric carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer. 98:1521–1530. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Delibegovic S: Introduction to total mesorectal excision. Med Arch. 71:434–438. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur L, Maingon P, Stojanovic-Rundic S, Bensadoun RJ, Bardet E, Beny A, Ollier JC, Bolla M, et al: Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: Long-term results of the EORTC 22921 randomised study. Lancet Oncol. 15:184–190. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Sainato A, Cernusco Luna Nunzia V, Valentini V, De Paoli A, Maurizi ER, Lupattelli M, Aristei C, Vidali C, Conti M, Galardi A, et al: No benefit of adjuvant Fluorouracil Leucovorin chemotherapy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced cancer of the rectum (LARC): Long term results of a randomized trial (I-CNR-RT). Radiother Oncol. 113:223–229. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Schmoll HJ, Haustermans K, Price TJ, Nordlinger B, Hofheinz R, Daisne JF, Janssens J, Brenner B, Schmidt P, Reinel H, et al: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy with capecitabine +/-oxaliplatin in locally advanced rectal cancer: Final results of PETACC-6. J Clin Oncol. 36 (Suppl 15)(S3500)2018.

21 

Rödel C, Graeven U, Fietkau R, Hohenberger W, Hothorn T, Arnold D, Hofheinz RD, Ghadimi M, Wolff HA, Lang-Welzenbach M, et al: Oxaliplatin added to fluorouracil-based preoperative chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy of locally advanced rectal cancer (the German CAO/ARO/AIO-04 study): Final results of the multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 16:979–989. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Mari GM, Maggioni D, Crippa J, Costanzi ATM, Scotti MA, Giardini V, Garancini M, Cocozza E, Borroni G, Benzoni I, et al: Compliance to adjuvant chemotherapy of patients who underwent surgery for rectal cancer: Report from a Multi-institutional Research Network. World J Surg. 43:2544–2551. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Marco MR, Zhou L, Patil S, Marcet JE, Varma MG, Oommen S, Cataldo PA, Hunt SR, Kumar A, Herzig DO, et al: Consolidation mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy after chemoradiotherapy improves survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: Final results of a multicenter phase II trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 61:1146–1155. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Garcia-Aguilar J, Chow OS, Smith DD, Marcet JE, Cataldo PA, Varma MG, Kumar AS, Oommen S, Coutsoftides T, Hunt SR, et al: Effect of adding mFOLFOX6 after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicentre, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 16:957–966. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Ngan SY, Burmeister B, Fisher RJ, Solomon M, Goldstein D, Joseph D, Ackland SP, Schache D, McClure B, McLachlan SA, et al: Randomized trial of short-course radiotherapy vs. long-course chemoradiation comparing rates of local recurrence in patients with T3 rectal cancer: Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group trial 01.04. J Clin Oncol. 30:3827–3833. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Erlandsson J, Holm T, Pettersson D, Berglund Å, Cedermark B, Radu C, Johansson H, Machado M, Hjern F, Hallböök O, et al: Optimal fractionation of preoperative radiotherapy and timing to surgery for rectal cancer (Stockholm III): A multicentre, randomised, non-blinded, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol. 18:336–346. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Ciseł B, Pietrzak L, Michalski W, Wyrwicz L, Rutkowski A, Kosakowska E, Cencelewicz A, Spałek M, Polkowski W, Jankiewicz M, et al: Long-course preoperative chemoradiation vs. 5x5 Gy and consolidation chemotherapy for clinical T4 and fixed clinical T3 rectal cancer: Long-term results of the randomized Polish II study. Ann Oncol. 30:1298–1303. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Fokas E, Allgäuer M, Polat B, Klautke G, Grabenbauer GG, Fietkau R, Kuhnt T, Staib L, Brunner T, Grosu AL, et al: Randomized phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy plus induction or consolidation chemotherapy as total neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: CAO/ARO/AIO-12. J Clin Oncol. 37:3212–3222. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Manthravadi S, Sun W, Saeed A, Baranda JC and Kasi A: Total neoadjuvant therapy compared with standard therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 37 (Suppl 4)(S709)2019.

30 

Chapman W Jr, Roxburgh C, Makhdoom B, Roy A, Youssef FF, Brady P, Olsen J, Kim H, Pedersen K, Mutch H, et al: Rectal cancer downstaging is significantly improved with different regimens of total neoadjuvant therapy. Int J Radiation Oncol Biol Phys. 102 (Suppl):S65–S66. 2018.

31 

Garcia-Aguilar J, Patil S, Kim JK, Yuval JB, Thompson H, Verheij F, Lee M and Saltz LB: on behalf of the OPRA Consortium. Preliminary results of the organ preservation of rectal adenocarcinoma (OPRA) trial. J Clin Oncol. 38 (Suppl 15)(S4008)2020.

32 

Shui L, Yang X, Li J, Yi C, Sun Q and Zhu H: Gut microbiome as a potential factor for modulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 10(2989)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Zhang MX, Li XB, Guan BJ, Guan GX, Lin XY, Wu XD, Chi P and Xu BH: Dose escalation of preoperative short-course radiotherapy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: Protocol for an open-label, single-centre, phase I clinical trial. BMJ Open. 9(e025944)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Yuki S, Bando H, Tsukada Y, Inamori K, Komatsu Y, Homma S, Uemura M, Kato T, Kotani D, Fukuoka S, et al: Short-term results of VOLTAGE-A: Nivolumab monotherapy and subsequent radical surgery following preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with microsatellite stable and microsatellite instability-high locally advanced rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 38 (Suppl 15)(4100)2020.

35 

Capdevila J, Declara IM, Martinez MCR, Maurel J, Hernando J, Alonso V, Graña Suárez B, Plazas JG, Losa F, Vera R, et al: Phase II study of durvalumab plus total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in locally advanced rectal cancer: The GEMCAD-1703 DUREC trial. J Clin Oncol. 38 (Suppl 15)(TPS4122)2020.

36 

Shamseddine A, Zeidan Y, Khalifeh IM, Kattan JG, Turfa R, Mukherji D, Naji Temraz S, Jamali F, Hani Shaib Y, Soweid A, et al: Short-course radiation followed by mFOLFOX-6 plus avelumab for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 38 (Suppl 4)(S139)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
El Husseini Z, Haibe Y, Bouferraa Y, Kreidieh M, Al Darazi M, Mukherji D, Temraz S, Charafeddine M and Shamseddine A: Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience. Mol Clin Oncol 15: 220, 2021.
APA
El Husseini, Z., Haibe, Y., Bouferraa, Y., Kreidieh, M., Al Darazi, M., Mukherji, D. ... Shamseddine, A. (2021). Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 15, 220. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2382
MLA
El Husseini, Z., Haibe, Y., Bouferraa, Y., Kreidieh, M., Al Darazi, M., Mukherji, D., Temraz, S., Charafeddine, M., Shamseddine, A."Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15.4 (2021): 220.
Chicago
El Husseini, Z., Haibe, Y., Bouferraa, Y., Kreidieh, M., Al Darazi, M., Mukherji, D., Temraz, S., Charafeddine, M., Shamseddine, A."Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15, no. 4 (2021): 220. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2382
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
El Husseini Z, Haibe Y, Bouferraa Y, Kreidieh M, Al Darazi M, Mukherji D, Temraz S, Charafeddine M and Shamseddine A: Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience. Mol Clin Oncol 15: 220, 2021.
APA
El Husseini, Z., Haibe, Y., Bouferraa, Y., Kreidieh, M., Al Darazi, M., Mukherji, D. ... Shamseddine, A. (2021). Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 15, 220. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2382
MLA
El Husseini, Z., Haibe, Y., Bouferraa, Y., Kreidieh, M., Al Darazi, M., Mukherji, D., Temraz, S., Charafeddine, M., Shamseddine, A."Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15.4 (2021): 220.
Chicago
El Husseini, Z., Haibe, Y., Bouferraa, Y., Kreidieh, M., Al Darazi, M., Mukherji, D., Temraz, S., Charafeddine, M., Shamseddine, A."Total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A tertiary medical center experience". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 15, no. 4 (2021): 220. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2021.2382
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team