Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
April-2023 Volume 18 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2023 Volume 18 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer

  • Authors:
    • Pu Rong
    • Li Yanchu
    • Guo Nianchun
    • Li Qi
    • Li Xianyong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Chengdu Fuxing Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610037, P.R. China, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, Department of Research, Chengdu Fuxing Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610037, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Rong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 4.0].
  • Article Number: 26
    |
    Published online on: February 15, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2622
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women and remains a major global challenge, with ~1.4 million cases per year, worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that changes in cell metabolism are associated with the regulation of tumor progression. In the present study, the anti‑cancer properties of glyoxal (GO), which is the smallest dialdehyde formed in the oxidation‑reduction reaction and involved in electron transfer and energy metabolism, in breast cancer was investigated. The biological functions and molecular mechanisms of GO were investigated in breast cancer cell lines using MTT and crystal violet assays, flow cytometry, western blot analysis, 3D laser scanning confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that GO strongly inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle G2/M arrest, induced the disappearance of cellular microvilli, and enlarged mitochondria. In addition, the protein expression level of AKT, mTOR and p70‑S6K decreased in the AKT‑mTOR pathway, accompanied by an increase in p‑ERK and p‑MEK in the MAPK pathway. The results from the present study indicate that GO suppressed breast cancer progression via the MAPK and AKT‑mTOR pathways. Taken together, these results provide the basis for a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Kunkler L: United stand crucial in breast cancer battle. In: China Daily European Weekly. Europe: China Daily, 2011.

2 

Calado A, Neves PM, Santos T and Ravasco P: The effect of flaxseed in breast cancer: A literature review. Front Nutr. 5(4)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Vander Heiden MG and DeBerardinis RJ: Understanding the intersections between metabolism and cancer biology. Cell. 168:657–669. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

DeBerardinis RJ and Chandel NS: Fundamentals of cancer metabolism. Sci Adv. 2(e1600200)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Hung YP, Albeck JG, Tantama M and Yellen G: Imaging cytosolic NADH-NAD(+) redox state with a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor. Cell Metab. 14:545–554. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Gatenby RA and Gillies RJ: Why do cancers have high aerobic glycolysis? Nat Rev Cancer. 4:891–899. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Haddad M, Perrotte M, Khedher MRB, Demongin C, Lepage A, Fülöp T and Ramassamy C: Methylglyoxal and glyoxal as potential peripheral markers for MCI diagnosis and their effects on the expression of neurotrophic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative factors in neurons and in neuronal derived-extracellular vesicles. Int J Mol Sci. 20(4906)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

da Silva G: Hydroxyl radical regeneration in the photochemical oxidation of glyoxal: Kinetics and mechanism of the HC(O)CO + O(2) reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 12:6698–6705. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Banerjee S: Effect of glyoxal modification on a critical arginine residue (Arg-31α) of hemoglobin: Physiological implications of advanced glycated end product an in vitro study. Protein Pept Lett. 27:770–781. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Quan KK, Kusewitt DF and Hudson LG: Glyoxal leads to defective keratinocyte migration and down-regulation of Snai2. J Dermatol Sci. 73:166–169. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Acevedo KM, Hayne DJ, McInnes LE, Noor A, Duncan C, Moujalled D, Volitakis I, Rigopoulos A, Barnham KJ, Villemagne VL, et al: Effect of structural modifications to glyoxal-bis(thiosemicarbazonato)copper(II) complexes on cellular copper uptake, copper-mediated ATP7A trafficking, and P-glycoprotein mediated efflux. J Med Chem. 61:711–723. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Palanimuthu D, Shinde SV, Somasundaram K and Samuelson AG: In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of copper bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes. J Med Chem. 56:722–734. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Lee C and Park C: Bacterial responses to glyoxal and methylglyoxal: Reactive electrophilic species. Int J Mol Sci. 18(169)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Goudarzi M, Kalantari H and Rezaei M: Glyoxal toxicity in isolated rat liver mitochondria. Hum Exp Toxicol. 37:532–539. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Rangiah K, Tippornwong M, Sangar V, Austin D, Tétreault MP, Rustgi AK, Blair IA and Yu KH: Differential secreted proteome approach in murine model for candidate biomarker discovery in colon cancer. J Proteome Res. 8:5153–5164. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Li X, Li X, Wang J, Ye Z and Li JC: Oridonin up-regulates expression of P21 and induces autophagy and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Int J Biol Sci. 8:901–912. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Warburg O: On respiratory impairment in cancer cells. Science. 124:269–270. 1956.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Luengo A, Abbott KL, Davidson SM, Hosios AM, Faubert B, Chan SH, Freinkman E, Zacharias LG, Mathews TP, Clish CB, et al: Reactive metabolite production is a targetable liability of glycolytic metabolism in lung cancer. Nat Commun. 10(5604)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Antico Arciuch VG, Elguero ME, Poderoso JJ and Carreras MC: Mitochondrial regulation of cell cycle and proliferation. Antioxid Redox Signal. 16:1150–1180. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Antico Arciuch VG, Galli S, Franco MC, Lam PY, Cadenas E, Carreras MC and Poderoso JJ: Akt1 intramitochondrial cycling is a crucial step in the redox modulation of cell cycle progression. PLoS One. 4(e7523)2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Gabrielson M, Reizer E, Stål O and Tina E: Mitochondrial regulation of cell cycle progression through SLC25A43. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 469:1090–1096. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Luo XJ and Cao Y: Research progress on bioenergy metabolic mechanism of cancer*. Prog Biochem Biophy. 38:585–592. 2011.

23 

Zhou H, Ivanov VN, Lien YC, Davidson M and Hei TK: Mitochondrial function and nuclear factor-kappaB-mediated signaling in radiation-induced bystander effects. Cancer Res. 68:2233–2240. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Haridas V, Li X, Mizumachi T, Higuchi M, Lemeshko VV, Colombini M and Gutterman JU: Avicins, a novel plant-derived metabolite lowers energy metabolism in tumor cells by targeting the outer mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrion. 7:234–240. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Bonnet S, Archer SL, Allalunis-Turner J, Haromy A, Beaulieu C, Thompson R, Lee CT, Lopaschuk GD, Puttagunta L, Bonnet S, et al: A mitochondria-K+ channel axis is suppressed in cancer and its normalization promotes apoptosis and inhibits cancer growth. Cancer Cell. 11:37–51. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Wu Q, Fan C, Chen T, Liu C, Mei W, Chen S, Wang B, Chen Y and Zheng W: Microwave-assisted synthesis of arene ruthenium(II) complexes that induce S-phase arrest in cancer cells by DNA damage-mediated p53 phosphorylation. Eur J Med Chem. 63:57–63. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Xia L, Shen C, Fu Y, Tian L and Chen M: MGC29506 induces cell cycle arrest and is downregulated in gastric cancer. Cell Immunol. 281:31–36. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Wang L, Cao H, Lu N, Liu L, Wang B, Hu T, Israel DA, Peek RM Jr, Polk DB and Yan F: Berberine inhibits proliferation and down-regulates epidermal growth factor receptor through activation of Cbl in colon tumor cells. PLoS One. 8(e56666)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Yu J, Peng Y, Wu LC, Xie Z, Deng Y, Hughes T, He S, Mo X, Chiu M, Wang QE, et al: Curcumin down-regulates DNA methyltransferase 1 and plays an anti-leukemic role in acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One. 8(e55934)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Liang Y, Yin D, Hou L, Zheng T, Wang J, Meng X, Lu Z, Song X, Pan S, Jiang H and Liu L: Diphenyl difluoroketone: A potent chemotherapy candidate for human hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One. 6(e23908)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

King A, Selak MA and Gottlieb E: Succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate hydratase: Linking mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer. Oncogene. 25:4675–4682. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Huang S and Millar AH: Succinate dehydrogenase: The complex roles of a simple enzyme. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 16:344–349. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Radu BM, Dumitrescu DI, Mustaciosu CC and Radu M: Dual effect of methylglyoxal on the intracellular Ca2+ signaling and neurite outgrowth in mouse sensory neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 32:1047–1057. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Phillips SA and Thornalley PJ: The formation of methylglyoxal from triose phosphates. Investigation using a specific assay for methylglyoxal. Eur J Biochem. 212:101–105. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Nokin MJ, Durieux F, Bellier J, Peulen O, Uchida K, Spiegel DA, Cochrane JR, Hutton CA, Castronovo V and Bellahcène A: Hormetic potential of methylglyoxal, a side-product of glycolysis, in switching tumours from growth to death. Sci Rep. 7(11722)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Bellahcène A, Nokin MJ, Castronovo V and Schalkwijk C: Methylglyoxal-derived stress: An emerging biological factor involved in the onset and progression of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol. 49:64–74. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Yang K, Qiang D, Delaney S, Mehta R, Bruce WR and O'Brien PJ: Differences in glyoxal and methylglyoxal metabolism determine cellular susceptibility to protein carbonylation and cytotoxicity. Chem Biol Interact. 191:322–329. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Shangari N, Bruce WR, Poon R and O'Brien PJ: Toxicity of glyoxals-role of oxidative stress, metabolic detoxification and thiamine deficiency. Biochem Soc Trans. 31:1390–1393. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Lee C, Kim I and Park C: Glyoxal detoxification in Escherichia coli K-12 by NADPH dependent aldo-keto reductases. J Microbiol. 51:527–530. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Corbett AJ, Eckle SB, Birkinshaw RW, Liu L, Patel O, Mahony J, Chen Z, Reantragoon R, Meehan B, Cao H, et al: T-cell activation by transitory neo-antigens derived from distinct microbial pathways. Nature. 509:361–365. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Moldogazieva NT, Mokhosoev IM, Mel'nikova TI, Porozov YB and Terentiev AA: Oxidative stress and advanced lipoxidation and glycation end products (ALEs and AGEs) in aging and age-related diseases. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019(3085756)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Sun Y, Liu WZ, Liu T, Feng X, Yang N and Zhou HF: Signaling pathway of MAPK/ERK in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, senescence and apoptosis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 35:600–604. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Chen X, Lan X, Mo S, Qin J, Li W, Liu P, Han Y and Pi R: p38 and ERK, but not JNK, are involved in copper-induced apoptosis in cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 379:944–948. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Rong P, Yanchu L, Nianchun G, Qi L and Xianyong L: Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 18: 26, 2023.
APA
Rong, P., Yanchu, L., Nianchun, G., Qi, L., & Xianyong, L. (2023). Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 18, 26. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2622
MLA
Rong, P., Yanchu, L., Nianchun, G., Qi, L., Xianyong, L."Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 18.4 (2023): 26.
Chicago
Rong, P., Yanchu, L., Nianchun, G., Qi, L., Xianyong, L."Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 18, no. 4 (2023): 26. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2622
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Rong P, Yanchu L, Nianchun G, Qi L and Xianyong L: Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 18: 26, 2023.
APA
Rong, P., Yanchu, L., Nianchun, G., Qi, L., & Xianyong, L. (2023). Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 18, 26. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2622
MLA
Rong, P., Yanchu, L., Nianchun, G., Qi, L., Xianyong, L."Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 18.4 (2023): 26.
Chicago
Rong, P., Yanchu, L., Nianchun, G., Qi, L., Xianyong, L."Glyoxal‑induced disruption of tumor cell progression in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 18, no. 4 (2023): 26. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2622
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team