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Case Report Open Access

Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report

  • Authors:
    • Jing Liu
    • Bin Qiu
    • Zhipeng Wang
    • Yuping Sun
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 99
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    Published online on: September 10, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2894
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Abstract

Gefitinib, a first‑generation epidermal growth factor receptor‑tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‑TKI), is widely used in treating non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. Although effective, gefitinib is associated with rare but life‑threatening interstitial lung disease (ILD). In the present study, a 68‑year‑old male with stage IIIB lung adenocarcinoma was reported, who developed acute interstitial pneumonia 20 days after initiating gefitinib therapy. The patient presented with high fever (41˚C), dyspnea and hypoxemia. Chest CT revealed bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates and pleural effusion. After excluding infectious and cardiac etiologies, gefitinib‑induced ILD was diagnosed. Immediate discontinuation of gefitinib, combined with high‑dose glucocorticoids (methylprednisolone 80 mg/day) and oxygen therapy, led to clinical improvement. However, ILD recurred upon rechallenge with the original gefitinib dose. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and prompt management of EGFR‑TKI‑related ILD. The challenges of rechallenging EGFR‑TKIs post‑recovery was further discussed and the need for personalized risk‑benefit assessments was emphasized.
View Figures

Figure 1

Chest CT scans of gefitinib-induced
interstitial lung disease before treatment. CT scan parameters: 120
kV, 131 mAs, slice thickness: 2.5 mm. (A) The white arrow indicates
a mass in the left lower lobe of the lung. (B) The white arrow
indicates enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. CT, computed
tomography.

Figure 2

Chest CT scans of gefitinib-induced
interstitial lung disease comparison between before and after
treatment. The black arrow indicates diffuse ground-glass opacities
in both lungs, and the white arrow indicates pleural effusion. CT
scan parameters: 120 kV, 131 mAs, slice thickness: 2.5 mm. Contrast
agent: Iodixanol. (A and B) The chest CT showing bilateral diffuse
ground-glass opacities (involving >50% lung fields), with
bilateral pleural effusion before treatment. (C and D) The repeat
chest CT showing residual ground-glass opacities (<30% lung
involvement) and pleural effusion after therapy. (E and F) CT
showing almost completely resolved ground-glass opacities (<10%
lung involvement) and pleural effusion after therapy. CT, computed
tomography.
View References

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu J, Qiu B, Wang Z and Sun Y: Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 23: 99, 2025.
APA
Liu, J., Qiu, B., Wang, Z., & Sun, Y. (2025). Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 23, 99. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2894
MLA
Liu, J., Qiu, B., Wang, Z., Sun, Y."Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 23.5 (2025): 99.
Chicago
Liu, J., Qiu, B., Wang, Z., Sun, Y."Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 23, no. 5 (2025): 99. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2894
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu J, Qiu B, Wang Z and Sun Y: Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 23: 99, 2025.
APA
Liu, J., Qiu, B., Wang, Z., & Sun, Y. (2025). Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 23, 99. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2894
MLA
Liu, J., Qiu, B., Wang, Z., Sun, Y."Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 23.5 (2025): 99.
Chicago
Liu, J., Qiu, B., Wang, Z., Sun, Y."Drug‑induced interstitial lung disease caused by gefitinib in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer: A case report". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 23, no. 5 (2025): 99. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2894
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